Prospective randomized trial of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy for rectal carcinoma

Objective To assess the effect of surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy ("sandwich" treatment) in rectal carcinoma. Methods From October 1990 to January 2002, 260 patients with stage Ⅱ (117 patients) and stage Ⅲ (143 patients) rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into three groups: "sandwich" group (92 patients, group A), postoperative radiotherapy group (98 patients, Group B) and operation group (70 patients, Group C). The preoperative accelerated hyperfractionation (15 Gy/6f/3d) was given for "sandwich" group which was followed by conventional postoperative fractionation (DT 35 - 40 Gy/3.5 - 4 weeks). Patients in Group B were given postoperative radiotherapy (Dr 50 Gy/5 weeks). Patients treated with surgery alone served as control. Results The local recurrence rates of Group A, B and C were 5.4% (5/92), 16.3% (16/98) and 64.3% (45/70), respectively (X2 =5.726, P=0.017); and the distant metastasis rates were 6.5% (6/92), 28. 6%(28/98) and 31.4%(22/70), respectively (X2 =15. 703, P= 0. 001). The 3-ycar survival rate was 86. 9%(80/92), 62.2%(61/98) and 51.4%(36/70), respectively (X2 =15. 141, P=0. 001). The 5-year survival rate was 68. 5%(63/92), 54.1%(54/98)and 41.4%(29/70), respectively (X2 =4. 218, P=0.04). The Ⅰ and Ⅱ grades of radiation entero-colitis in Group A and Group B were 7.6% (7/92) and 6.1% (6/98), respectively (X2 = 0. 164, P= 0. 685). Conclusion Surgery combined with preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy can improve the survival rate and reduce the local recurrence rate in rectal carcinoma patients with stage Duke's B (Ⅱ) and C (Ⅲ).     

THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERIAL INFUSION CHEMOTHERAPY ON 41 ADVANCED HEAD AND N

ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＮＡＬＡＮＤＥＸＴＥＲＮＡＬＣＡＲＯＴＩＤＡＲＴＥＲＩＡＬＩＮＦＵＳＩＯＮＣＨＥＭＯＴＨＥＲＡＰＹＯＮ４１ＡＤＶＡＮＣＥＤＨＥＡＤＡＮＤＮＥＣＫＣＡＮＣＥＲ　ＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＬｉＳｈｕｙｅ；ＸｕＲｏｎｇ；ＸｉｅＷｅｎｋ...     

THE CHANGES OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD T LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HEPATIC CARCINOMA BOTH PRE-TACE AND POST-TACE

Ｔｈｅｂｏｄｙ’ｓａｎｔｉ ｔｕｍｏｒｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｉｓｍａ ｉｎｌｙｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒｉｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ .Ｔｌｙｍｐｈｏｃｙｔｅｓｕｂｓｅｔｉｓｔｉｇｈｔｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｉｔ .Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔ ｅｄｔｈａｔｍａｎｙｋｉｎｄｓｏｆｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｔｕｍｏｒｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｈａｖｅｔｈｅａｂｎｏｒｍａｌｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｌｙｍｐｈｏｃｙｔｅｓｕｂｓｅｔａｎｄｌｏｐｓｉｄｅｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ.Ｗｅｈａｖｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄ 4 5 ｐａ …     

人心房间隔的动脉及其吻合

使用90例人心脏标本,研究人心房间隔的动脉来源及分布特点。房间隔的动脉有窦房结动脉的分支(100%)、房室结动脉(100%)、kugel动脉(93.33%)、左房后支(76.67%)等。房间隔的动脉沿房间隔边缘成环状吻合,然后各分支向卵圆窝中心会聚。房间隔的动脉吻合丰富,30.67%的标本出现吻合。因此成为冠状动脉之间建立侧支循环的重要途径之一,具有重要的临床意义。     

CLINICAL COMPARISION OF THE TREATMENT OF CERVICAL PROLAPSE OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC BY USING CAGE OR TITANIUM PLATE

In the past,cervical prolapse of intervertebraldisc,a more common cervical vertebral disease,wasoftentreated withremoval of nucleus pulposus com-bined with autogenous iliac crest graft(AICG)andtitaniumplate.In recent years,cage becomes moreand more popular and is accepted gradually.Goodclinical effects have been achieved in the treat mentof cervical prolapse of intervertebral disc by usingSolis cage.However,at present few reports havebeen available to describe the clinical effects of trea-ti…     

The expressions and significance of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in human pancreatic carcinoma

Objective To study the expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in pancreatic carcinoma and their relationship with tumor invasion, local metastasis and prognosis of the carcinoma. Methods The expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were examined in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinomas by S-P immunohistochemical technique and the correlation with pathological tumor parameters were analyzed. Survival analysis was made by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The positive rates of MMP-2, TIMP-2 in 32 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were 56.25% and 75.00%, which were significantly higher than those of the controls（P〈0.05）. Expressions of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were independent of sex, age, histological grading and type, but well correlated with the lymph node metastasis and TNM clinical staging （Ⅰ and Ⅲ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ ）. There was a significant association between MMP-2, TIMP-2 and prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion MMP-2 and TIMP-2 might be useful markers for biological aggressiveness of this malignancy and might contribute to the invasive properties of pancreatic carcinoma, which can be used to evaluate the prognosis of patients.     

保尔佳治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的临床观察

将76例晚期恶性肿瘤患者随机等分为2组：单纯化疗组及化疗加用保尔佳治疗组，以观察保尔佳的临床作用。结果：保尔佳治疗组有效率42．1％，体力状况改善老39．5％，外周血白细胞数正常者73．7％，均显著高于化疗组（分别为21．1％、15.7％和44．7％；P＜0．05、P＜0．025和P＜0．025）；毒副反应两组无显著性差异。提示保尔佳与化疗药物联合应用治疗晚期恶性肿瘤优于单纯化疗，并能改善患者的体力状况，减轻化疗所致的外周血白细胞数下降。     

EXPRESSION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90α IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

Ｈｅｐａｔｏｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ(ＨＣＣ)ｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｍａｌｉｇｎａｎｔｔｕｍｏｒｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ａｎｄｇｒｅａｔａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐａｉｄｔｏｉｔｓｃａｒｃｉｎｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ .Ｉｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ ,ｉｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｈｅａｔｓｈｏｃｋｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ(ＨＳＰ) ｐｌａｙｓａｇｒｅａｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｏｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｃｅａｎｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ .Ｔｈｅｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｏｆｔｈｉ…     

低剂量米索前列醇用于足月妊娠引产的临床观察

目的　观察比较低剂量米索前列醇及蓖麻油餐用于足月妊娠引产的临床效果。方法　选择有引产指征、无引产及米索前列醇使用禁忌症的单胎、头位、胎膜完整的足月妊娠妇女 63例 ,随机分为A组 (2 0例 ,米索前列醇 2 5μg) ,B组 (2 0例 ,米索前列醇 50 μg)和C组 (2 3例 ,蓖麻油餐 )。2 4h阴道后穹窿置药一次。结果　A、B、C三组引产成功率分别为 85 0 %、80 0 %、86 95% ,用药后临产的时间分别为 (2 96± 1 46)min、(30 8± 2 31 )min、(2 0 6± 1 0 1 )min。分娩方式、新生儿体重、宫颈评分 ,三组比较差异均无显著性 (P >0 0 5)。B组第一产程和总产程较C组缩短 (P <0 .0 5) ,A组产时出血量较C组少 (P <0 0 5) ;宫缩过强羊水污染的发生率A组及C组较B组低。结论　低剂量米索前列醇用于足月妊娠引产是有效的。     

五种血清肿瘤标志物单个或联合检测在肺癌诊断中作用的初步评价

目的初步评价细胞角蛋白19的片段(Cyfra21-1)等5种肿瘤标志物单个或联合检测在肺癌诊断,尤其是早期诊断中的作用。方法采用电化学发光免疫法检测了124例肺癌和41例非肿瘤肺病患者血清中Cyfra21-1、癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元烯醇化酶(NSE)、糖链抗原19-9(CA19-9)及鳞状细胞抗原(SCCAg)等五种标志物的水平。结果CEA特异性最高,达97.56%,Cyfra21-1最低,为73.17%;CEA、Cyfra21-1及NSE的敏感性分别在腺癌、鳞癌、小细胞肺癌中最高(分别为68.29%、62.30%、66.47%);Cyfra21-1、NSE在早期和晚期肺癌中的敏感性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。联合检测Cyfra21-1+CEA诊断肺癌的特异性和敏感性分别为70.73%和66.13%;同时检测3或4个标志物可提高诊断的敏感性,但特异性却明显降低;Cyfra21-1+CEA、Cyfra21-1+CA19-9诊断早期和晚期肺癌的敏感性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论作为肺癌筛查指标,上述标志物均不理想;CEA>10μg/L对肺癌,尤其是腺癌的定性诊断有较大价值;Cyfra21-1和NSE分别是鳞癌和小细胞肺癌较好的标志物,两者在肺癌早期诊断中均可能有一定价值。Cyfra21-1+CEA可能是诊断肺癌(包括早期)的一个较佳组合。     

Vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin as the first-line therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer

Objective Systemic chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer is still a difficult problem in clinical practice. The standard chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer has been gemcitabine, but the response rate is low. Therefore, it is in urgent need to explore an effective clinical therapy for this cancer. This paper, a case report, is aimed at discussing the effectiveness of vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin as the first-line therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods A 52-year-old female patient was diagnosed with pancreas cancer with liver metastasis at the time of the first visit to our hospital. Systemic chemotherapy with vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin was conducted. Results Liver metastases almost disappeared after the first cycle of chemotherapy. The primary tumor decreased by one third in size after four cycles and disappeared after the sixth cycle according to the CT scan evaluation. Conclusion Vinorelbine and cisplatin combined with endostatin can be a promising regimen for metastatic pancreatic cancer.     

倍他乐克联合安体舒通治疗肥厚型心肌病心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的 观察倍他乐克联合安体舒通治疗肥厚型心肌病并心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法 将60例肥厚型心肌病并心力衰竭患者随机分为倍他乐克组(A组,n=30),给予倍他乐克6.25mg,2次/d,无不良反应,每周用量加倍,直至50mg,2次/d。倍他乐克联合安体舒通组(B组,n=30),倍他乐克量用及方法同A组,加用安体舒通10mg,3次/d,一周后无不良反应,加量为20mg,3次/d,两组疗程均为6个月。治疗前后观察临床疗效、心率、血压、左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化。结果 A组临床 显效23..3%、有效66..7%、无效10..0%;B组临床 显效33..3%、有效63..4%、无效3..3%。心功能指标EF、心率两组治疗后与治疗前相比,均明显改善(P＜0..05),治疗后B组优于A组(P＜0..05)。结论 倍他乐克联合安体舒通治疗肥厚型心肌病心力衰竭疗效优于单用倍他乐克。     

经乳房切除切口鉴别乳腺癌前哨淋巴结的价值

目的　探讨经乳房切除切口鉴别前哨淋巴结 (SLN)的价值及预测腋窝淋巴结状态的准确性。方法　按接受手术的先后顺序将 72例病人分为经乳房切除切口组 (B组 ,36例 )和腋窝切口组 (A组 ,36例 ) ,采用专利蓝 (Patentblueviolet)癌周注射鉴别乳腺癌前哨淋巴结。结果　SLN鉴别成功率为 83% ( 60 /72 ) ,SLN有转移的 1 8例中 ,唯一转移者 6例 ( 33 3% ) ,B组鉴别成功率 94% ( 34/36) ,预测腋淋巴结的准确性 1 0 0 % ;A组鉴别成功率为 72 % ( 2 6/36) ,预测液淋巴结的准确性为 1 0 0 %。结论　采用蓝染剂经乳房切除切口 ,比腋窝切口更能精确地鉴别前哨淋巴结 ,提高预测腋窝淋巴结状态的准确性。     

Solute clearance effect of citrate anticoagulation hemodialysate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding

Objective To study the solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagulation hemodiaiysate of citrate for hemodialysis in patients with high risk of bleeding. Methods Forty-two kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding were divided into two groups (Group A and Group B) according to their hemodialysis manners. Patients in Group A were hemodialyzed with bicarbonate hemodialysate with low-molecular-weight heparin (dalteparin) anticoognlation and those in Group B with the new citrate antieoagnlation hemodialysate prepared in our hospital without any other anticoagulant. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations were measured before and after dialysis, and Kt/V and urea reduction rate (URR) were calculated. In addition, activated clotting time (ACT) and ionized calcium (iCa2 ) concentration were also measured at the arterial and venous ends. Results ACT was extended and iCa2 concentration decreased significantly at the venous end compared with those at the arterial end in Group B (P<0.01). BUN and Cr concentrations were markedly decreased after dialysis compared with those before dialysis in both groups (P<0.01), and no significant difference in solute clearance effect, as indicated by Kt/V and URR, was observed between Group A and Group B (P>0.05). Conclusion The solute clearance effect of the new concentrated anticoagnlation hemodialysate of citrate is excellent during hemodiaiysis in kidney failure patients with high risk of bleeding.     

高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的探讨高氧液预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法30只家兔随机分为三组:假手术组(A组,n=10),缺血再灌注组(B组,n=10)及高氧液预处理组(C组,n=10)。C组每天静脉给予15mL/kg高氧液,20min内匀速泵完,连续7d;A组及B组以同样方法给予等量生理盐水,最后一次处理结束后,制作心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)模型。A组只穿线,不结扎冠脉。记录心电图和血流动力学指标,在结扎前、结扎即刻、结扎后30min,再灌注1、2、3h分别测定血清丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果C组能明显降低心电图S-T段的升高程度并改善血流动力学参数,较B组显著缩小梗死范围(P<0.05)。与A组比较,B组血清SOD活性呈逐渐下降趋势,MDA含量则呈逐渐增高的趋势(P<0.05)。C组各时间段上述各指标均有所恢复。结论高氧液预处理对家兔在体心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

bcl-2蛋白和PCNA在乳癌中表达的定量测定及其预后

应用图像分析仪对６０例乳癌ｂｃｌ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和雌孕激素受体进行免疫组织化学及酶联亲和法定量研究。结果表明：ｂｃｌ－２蛋白定量高值组，乳癌组织学分级低，患者生存期长、生存率高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＰＣＮＡ表达定量高值组，组织学分级高，患者生存期短、生存率低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。显示了定量检测ｂｃｌ－２蛋白和ＰＣＮＡ对评估乳癌分化程度及判断预后具有一定价值。ｂｃｌ－２与雌孕激素受体间有显著的正相关性（Ｐ＜０．００１），提示ｂｃｌ－２蛋白检测对乳癌患者内分泌治疗有重要参考价值。     

Bcl-2蛋白与P-糖蛋白在胃癌中的表达及其相关性研究

目的　探讨Bcl 2蛋白与P 糖蛋白在胃癌发生、发展和耐药性产生中的作用以及二者间的相互关系。方法　应用免疫组化SP法检测胃癌组织中的Bcl 2蛋白与P 糖蛋白表达情况。结果　胃癌中Bcl 2蛋白阳性表达率为 37.5%,高分化腺癌和组织学Ⅰ级阳性表达率显著高于未分化癌和组织学Ⅲ级 (P <0 .0 5) ;P 糖蛋白阳性表达率为 30 .0 %,淋巴结转移和癌细胞浸润浆膜及浆膜外者表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移和浆膜内浸润者 (P <0 .0 5)。胃癌中Bcl 2蛋白与P 糖蛋白共同表达率为 2 1 .4%(P <0 .0 5)。结论　Bcl 2参与了胃癌的发生 ;P 糖蛋白阳性表达提示胃癌细胞对化疗药存在原发性耐药 ,同时与癌细胞浸润深度、淋巴结转移有关。胃癌中Bcl 2蛋白、P 糖蛋白的表达可能有一定的联系     

肝动脉缺血后供肝组织中氧自由基含量变化及意义

利用犬肝自体原位移植模型，观察了肝动脉缺血（ＨＡＩ）后供肝组织的脂质过氧化物（ＭＤＡ），黄嘌呤氧化酶（ＸＯＤ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性变化。结果显示：随着ＨＡＩ时间延长，各指标活性与对照组比较差别显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；术后血清谷丙转氨酶和胆红素含量增高更为明显（Ｐ＜０．０１），且下降缓慢（Ｐ＜０．０５）。认为，ＨＡＩ对供肝有明显的损伤作用，氧自由基是导致这一损伤作用的重要因素之一。     

SCC-Ag、CEA在肺癌患者血清中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨肺癌患者治疗前后血清鳞状细胞癌抗原 (SCC Ag)和癌胚抗原 (CEA)的表达及临床意义。方法　利用全自动快速粒子酶免疫分析系统 (IMX) ,检测 134例肺癌患者治疗前后血清SCC Ag和CEA的水平 ,分析SCC Ag和CEA检测值与肺癌临床病理特征之间的关系。结果　肺癌患者治疗前血清SCC Ag、CEA升高与肿瘤病理学类型和临床分期呈正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,联合检测可以提高肺癌诊断的阳性率。结论　血清SCC Ag、CEA检测可用于肺癌的辅助诊断以及对病期和预后的判断。     

CLINICAL USE OF COMBINED DETECTION WITH TUMOR MARKERS FOR PANCREATIC CANCER

Pancreatic cancer is one of the common malig-nant tumors. Its morbidity shows a tendency to in-crease. The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is poorbecause the early--diagnosis for it is difficult.Therefore,every effort should be made to developbetter methods for the early--diagnosis. The serumlevels of CA242,CA19--9 and CA50 of patients withpancreatic cancer were measured by IRMA andwere compared with those of patients with benignpancreatic or biliary tract diseases and with non-.pancreatic…