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为研究复杂腔体内航行体在出筒过程中的燃气流场和腔体内部压力建立情况,采用计算流体力学方法和动网格技术,对航行体出筒过程进行数值模拟。将安置在腔体内的航行体作为运动实体,随着航行体的运动,相应的流场计算边界发生变化。计算过程根据当前时刻喷管内流场及燃气流场计算航行体受力情况,确定航行体在任意计算时刻的运动速度,并由相应的运动边界更新网格,计算新网格下的流场参数分布。计算结果与实验结果符合较好,说明文中方法能够有效地揭示航行体出筒过程中燃气流的动力特性,通过分析这些流动现象,为工程应用提供有意义的参考。 相似文献
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水下航行体穿越水中膨胀气泡时,气泡在一定条件下有可能附着在航行体上形成附着空泡,从而改变航行体水动力性能,为此开展了头型因素对气团附着空泡影响的数值研究。利用数值模拟方法计算了四种头型航行体穿越膨胀气团的过程,结果发现头型是影响气泡附着的重要因素:对于分离角较大的钝头型,气泡容易附着在航行体上形成附着空泡;对于分离角较小的细长头型,气泡受到扰动后就很快与航行体分离而不会附着。 相似文献
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针对多种不同锥段线型的航行体,对其自然空泡形态及减阻特性进行了数值模拟研究.得到了各条件下空泡形态随空化数的变化关系、拟合曲线,以及阻力系数随空泡长度的变化关系.通过对比分析,得出了航行体锥段线型对空泡形态及减阻特性的影响规律.结果表明,锥段线型对空泡形态影响不明显;当空泡闭合于航行体锥段时,锥段线型为圆弧的模型阻力系数较小;而当空泡闭合于航行体柱段或形成超空泡时,各模型阻力系数趋于一致,几乎不受锥段线型影响. 相似文献
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超空泡航行体操舵过程会引起空泡变形,导致航行体流体动力学特性发生变化。为了了解超空泡航行体操舵过程中航行体的动力学特性,文中采用基于欧拉两流体模型的CFD数值模拟方法及动网格技术对超空泡航行体空化器、尾舵操舵过程以及航行体攻角变化过程中的空泡形态及航行体瞬态流体动力特性变化规律进行了研究。研究结果表明空化器操舵过程中空化器升力随偏转角基本呈线性规律变化,对航行体尾部滑行力的影响相对于攻角变化对滑行力的影响为小量;尾舵操舵过程改变了空泡尾部流场,对于航行体尾部滑行力会产生重要影响。 相似文献
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本文通过对水下航行体垂直发射出筒后尾空泡内点火推进过程的数值模拟研究,获得了其尾空泡演化的一般规律,并与相应的试验结果进行了对比;进而给出了燃气尾空泡周期性地膨胀、颈缩、阻滞、脱落的演化规律,以及与尾空泡内的压力振荡、喷管扩张段内激波前后移动的相关性。研究表明:水下航行体尾空泡内点火与空中点火、水中直接点火形成的燃气射流存在明显差别,水下点火推进同时会形成对水下航行体额外的振动激励;尾空泡收缩阶段,亚音速射流在尾空泡颈缩处膨胀加速,使尾空泡持续颈缩进而形成对燃气的阻滞作用,是形成尾空泡近似周期性形态演化、空泡压力剧烈振荡的主因。 相似文献
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为深入探究气泡与附近潜艇的相互作用规律,采用电火花气泡发生装置与高速摄像分析系统,在减压环境中对近似潜艇的深水圆柱周围不同位置的气泡进行研究。并以气泡通过圆柱结构中心的铅垂线为界的分类情况讨论深水圆柱周围气泡的动态变化。实验结果表明:圆柱结构附近的气泡的运动主要取决于气泡与圆柱结构间相对的攻角以及气泡质心到就近圆柱壁面的无量纲距离这两种因素的影响。在此基础上同时考虑减压环境中浮力的因素分析了浮力参数及攻角和爆距半径比对气泡第一周期运动时间和位移的影响,并总结圆柱下侧气泡不同爆距半径比下射流宽度的作用范围变化规律。研究结论为圆柱状的潜艇结构在水下受到攻击时的毁伤状态提供了参考。 相似文献
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Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%. 相似文献
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Hiroharu Kato Kento Miura Hajime Yamaguchi Masaru Miyanaga 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(3):122-129
The formation of air bubbles ejected through a single hole in a flat plate was observed in uniform flow of 2–10 m/s It was
confirmed that the size of the air bubbles was governed by main flow velocity and air flow rate. According to previous experiments,
the size of the bubbles is an important factor in frictional drag reduction by microbubble ejection. Usually bubbles larger
than a certain diameter (for example 1 mm) have no effect on frictional drag reduction. Three different methods were proposed
and tested to generate smaller bubbles. Among them, a 2D convex (half body of an NACA 64-021 section) with ejection holes
at the top was the best and most promising. The diameter of the bubbles became about one-third the size of the reference ejection
on a flat plate. Moreover, the bubble size did not increase with increasing flow rate. This is a favorable characteristic
for practical purposes. The skin friction force was measured directly with a miniature floating element transducer, and decreased
drastically by microbubble ejection from the top of the 2D convex shape. 相似文献
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建立一个理想化的筒式空气弹簧模型,基于空气波动理论提出一种通过计算空气弹簧的空气声压场分布来确定其机械阻抗的近似解析算法。借助有限元软件进行验证,结果表明该方法合理可行。讨论盖板质量、初始压力等因素对空气弹簧机械阻抗特性的影响,用力传递率来评估隔振效果。为深入研究空气弹簧的机械阻抗特性提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
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针对船舶柴油机喷油泵柱塞螺旋槽上方壁面的穴蚀现象,建立了喷油泵柱塞与套筒模型,利用FLUENT软件对喷油泵内流场进行数值仿真计算,重点研究局部低压区、湍流涡团以及气泡析出、成长和溃灭过程。研究结果表明,柱塞螺旋槽与套筒回油孔构成的重叠开口的大小和形状对燃油流场具有决定性影响,产生低压区和湍流,生成的气泡溃灭时对柱塞螺旋槽上方壁面和回油孔内壁产生机械冲击,造成穴蚀。 相似文献
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Plumes of air and carbon-dioxide (CO2) bubbles in stratified water were studied experimentally and numerically. It is important to understand the plume behavior
of droplets or bubbles in the ocean in marine environmental engineering. In sequestration of CO2 in the ocean, liquid CO2 is injected in the form of droplets, and thermal stratification in enclosed seas is possibly destroyed by a bubble generator.
This study focuses on the relationship between intrusion depth and stratification intensity, gas flow rate, and bubble size.
A desktop-sized tank was used to achieve no-background-flow conditions for salt stratification. The results from the air-bubble
experiments indicated that the larger the bubble size, the smaller the intrusion depth. We also observed the behavior of CO2 bubbles. They are different from air in that they dissolve in water and are reduced in volume. Our numerical simulation method
for two-phase flow was validated by comparisons with the experiments.
Received: August 13, 2001 / Accepted: October 9, 2001 相似文献