基于动力学仿真模型的汽车悬架系统优化设计方法

本文给出一种汽车面向悬架性能分析的动力学仿真模型，应用仿真模型对某型号IVECO汽车进行了随机不平路面输入下的汽车悬架系统性能参数优化设计研究，得出了该车悬架系统性能参数优化结果，经该车优化后的道路试验结果表明，优化后的汽车行驶平顺性指标车身振动加速度均方根值比优化前有较大改善。     

汽车悬架参数优化的一种新方法研究

研究利用最优控制理论和最小二乘法对汽车悬架系统参数进行优化设计的方法,并利用该方法对某汽车的悬架参数进行优化。研究了悬架参数优化后的汽车对标准路面激励的响应。研究结果表明,利用该方法,可以得到兼顾各方面性能且能使某方面性能显著提高的悬架系统参数。     

汽车悬架优化设计中的近似模型方法及其应用

针对目前汽车悬架设计中存在的问题,提出了一种基于近似模型和遗传算法的高效全局优化设计方法.使用Kriging方法重构目标函数,建立了悬架运动学分析的近似模型;采用了CVT试验设计以确保参数空间中样本点分布的均匀性;在重构出的目标函数基础上采用遗传算法进行寻优.以双横臂式前独立悬架为例,以车轮接地点侧向最大滑移量为优化目标进行了优化设计.结果表明,采用该设计方法可缩短设计周期及降低设计成本.     

基于舒适性和轮胎动载的车辆悬架参数优化

为了改善汽车行驶的舒适性并减小轮胎对路面的动载，以某载货汽车为研究对象，建立了多目标优化模型，并采用统一目标函数法对车辆悬架参数进行优化。优化结果表明：优化后悬架刚度减小而阻尼增大，且前悬架参数变化较小，后悬架参数变化较大；相比于优化前，车身垂直方向加速度均方根值减小了20％，前轮动栽均方根值减小了40％，后轮变化更显著，减小了49％；采用多目标优化设计方法不仅可提高车辆自身的舒适性，而且可减小轮胎对路面的动载。     

IVECO汽车悬架系统性能参数设计方法

本文给出一种IVECO汽车面向行驶平顺性分析的简化仿真模型,应用仿真模型对某型号IVECO汽车进行随机不平路面输入下的汽车悬架系统性能参数仿真试验研究,得出了悬架系统性能参数对汽车行驶平顺性指标—车身振动加速度均方根值的影响规律,为确定该车悬架系统性能参数优化设计的设计空间和初始值提供依据。     

IVECO汽车悬架系统性能参数仿真研究

本文给出一种IVECO汽车面向行驶平顺性分析的简化仿真模型，应用仿真模型对某型号IVECO汽车进行了随机不平路面输入下的汽车悬架系统性能参数仿真试验研究，得出了悬架系统性能参数对汽车行驶平顺性指标一车身振动加速度均方根值的影响规律，为确定该车悬架系统性能参数优化设计的设计空间和初始值提供了依据。     

基于区间分析的汽车平顺性优化

基于区间分析方法,建立了一种汽车悬架平顺性的不确定性优化模型。以悬架弹簧刚度和减振器阻尼为设计参数,车身加速度均方根值最小化为目标,悬架刚度和固有频率等为约束,并使用区间描述设计变量的制造和测量误差。利用公差指标和区间可能度,将该不确定性优化模型转化为确定性优化问题,并利用序列二次规划法和非支配排序遗传算法进行求解;在保证平顺性目标的前提下,使设计变量的对称公差最大化,以降低制造成本。最后,该方法被应用于两自由度1/4车身和7自由度整车车身悬架振动系统的平顺性优化。     

基于遗传算法的车辆半主动悬架控制系统参数优化

遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)是一种基于自然群体遗传演化机制的高效优化算法,它能模拟自然界生物进化过程,依据适者生存,优胜劣汰的进化规则,采用人工进化的方式对目标群体进行遗传操作,不断得到更优群体。文章根据遗传算法基本思路,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了基于遗传算法的车辆半主动悬架参数优化模型,利用该算法对半主动悬架控制系统参数进行了优化,并对优化结果进行了仿真分析,结果表明,优化后车辆簧载质量加速度均方根值降低31.1%、悬架动挠度均方根值降低11.2%、轮胎动载荷均方根值降低7.1%,车辆平顺性得到提升。     

基于ADAMS的麦弗逊式独立悬架优化仿真分析

针对轿车前悬架系统对车辆操纵稳定性有较大影响,文章利用机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了带有转向系统的麦弗逊式独立悬架模型,并对其进行仿真分析.通过修改前悬架的定位参数来对其进行优化设计,从而研究悬架参数对车辆操纵稳定性的影响.数值计算表明,优化后的悬架使得前轮定位参数基本达到一个最优值,为改进汽车操纵稳定性提供了参考依据.     

轻型车悬架动态优化设计及其应用

在应用五自由度汽车振动模型对汽车悬架参数进行动态最优化设计的基础上，选用变截面主刚度钢板弹簧作为悬架弹性元件，进行了板簧优化设计，并将此方法应用到某轻型平顺性改进工作中，取得了好的实际效果。     

基于遗传算法和LQG控制的汽车半主动悬架结构和控制参数的集成优化研究

传统半主动悬架的设计是先设计其结构参数后设计其控制器参数，这样易造成系统失去全局最优性能。针对这一问题，本文提出一种基于遗传算法和LQG控制的集成优化半主动悬架结构参数和控制参数的方法，通过理论分析和仿真结果表明此方法与传统优化方法相比，对改善汽车行驶平顺性和提高汽车行驶安全性具有较优的效果。     

基于汽车悬架设计中的键合图法

简要地介绍了键合图基本原理,建立了汽车八自由度振动系统的键合图模型,推导出状态方程。应用现代控制论方法,指出了应用键合图理论对悬架参数进行优化的方便性与实用性。     

汽车悬架系统磁流变减振器的数学模型及其试验研究

基于磁流变减振器的汽车悬架系统具有明显的滞后非线性,系统中的非线性阻尼和非线性刚度等对其动力学行为产生了很大的影响。影响汽车平顺性的主要因素是车身的垂直振动。为了描述这种振动,建立了汽车悬架系统的力学模型及其动力学方程,并结合阻尼特性试验,利用不同的数学模型描述了磁流变减振器的非线性滞后特性和饱和特性。     

汽车主动控制悬架系统的发展

主动控制悬架有使汽车乘坐舒适性和操纵安全性得到改善，本简要地介绍了国外汽车主动控制悬架系统的发展及现状；给出了流量控制型和压力控制型两种控制方式的简图；阐述压力控制型主动悬架系统的基本工作原理，以及天棚阻尼器控制、最优控制、预见控制等方法。     

Fundamental Issues in Suspension Design for Heavy Road Vehicles

Heavy road vehicles play an important role in the economy of many countries by providing an efficient means of transporting freight. Such vehicles can also have a significant impact on safety, the infrastructure and the environment. The design of the suspension affects the performance of the vehicle in terms of ride, infrastructure damage, suspension working space, energy consumption, rollover stability, yaw stability, braking and traction. The published literature on suspension design for heavy road vehicles is reviewed. It is found that extensive knowledge exists, but that there are areas where improved understanding is needed. Areas identified as fundamental issues requiring attention include ride discomfort criteria, secondary suspensions, and controllable suspensions. Two issues in particular are examined in detail: suspension tuning and suspension configuration. In the tuning of suspension parameter values for vibration performance, numerical optimisation techniques have been used extensively, but generic tuning strategies have not been widely developed. Modal analysis is proposed as a technique for gaining the insight into vehicle vibration behaviour necessary to enable tuning strategies to be devised. As an example, the technique is applied to the pitch-plane vibration of a tractor-semitrailer. In analyses of new suspension configurations or concepts, comparison with alternative concepts is not always made. Lack of such comparisons makes the selection of an optimum concept difficult. Analysis of alternative concepts using simple mathematical models, and comparison of their performance using common criteria, is advocated for enabling informed selection of an optimum. An example involving two alternative roll control systems is used to demonstrate the issue.     

Fundamental Issues in Suspension Design for Heavy Road Vehicles

Heavy road vehicles play an important role in the economy of many countries by providing an efficient means of transporting freight. Such vehicles can also have a significant impact on safety, the infrastructure and the environment. The design of the suspension affects the performance of the vehicle in terms of ride, infrastructure damage, suspension working space, energy consumption, rollover stability, yaw stability, braking and traction. The published literature on suspension design for heavy road vehicles is reviewed. It is found that extensive knowledge exists, but that there are areas where improved understanding is needed. Areas identified as fundamental issues requiring attention include ride discomfort criteria, secondary suspensions, and controllable suspensions. Two issues in particular are examined in detail: suspension tuning and suspension configuration. In the tuning of suspension parameter values for vibration performance, numerical optimisation techniques have been used extensively, but generic tuning strategies have not been widely developed. Modal analysis is proposed as a technique for gaining the insight into vehicle vibration behaviour necessary to enable tuning strategies to be devised. As an example, the technique is applied to the pitch-plane vibration of a tractor-semitrailer. In analyses of new suspension configurations or concepts, comparison with alternative concepts is not always made. Lack of such comparisons makes the selection of an optimum concept difficult. Analysis of alternative concepts using simple mathematical models, and comparison of their performance using common criteria, is advocated for enabling informed selection of an optimum. An example involving two alternative roll control systems is used to demonstrate the issue.     

动力总成悬置系统性能评价

主要介绍汽车动力总成悬置系统性能的评价方法,包含设计阶段的解耦目标分析、动力总成刚体模态分析,重点分析整车阶段基于试验的悬置系统隔振率与整车振动的关系,得出针对悬置系统隔振性能的较为有效、合理的评价方法。     

Optimal Design for the Rear-Glass Joint of an Automobile for Squeak and Rattle Noise Reduction

Ever since vehicle noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) reduction technology made dramatic improvements, vehicle interior noises represented by Squeak and Rattle (S/R) becomes an ever more important factor to improve the emotional quality of vehicles. Generally, people detect S/R noises on automotive interior parts, brake system, suspension, Body in White (BIW), etc. Among them, the rear-glass joint is a major source for vehicle interior noise, and can cause S/R noises under a variety of environmental and driving conditions. This study uses, two approaches, experimental and numerical approaches, to define the cause of S/R noise at the rear-glass section. Based on these two approaches, this study confirms that S/R noises generate through the contact between bottom side of molding and BIW. The sealant penetration length, panelmolding distance, and sealant width are the parameters affecting noise generation. In addition, this study created an optimal design with Design of Experiments (DOE) of the rear-glass joint. The design maximized the sealant penetration length, which is a parameter that majorly affects noise. The optimal design comprises of two steps: sealant injections shape optimization and rear-glass joint parameter optimization. Each step is carried out with FEA and validated by sealant penetration experiments. Through these optimizations, this study obtained an optimum combination of design parameters and fignificantly reduced the noise generated by rear-glass section.     

稳健设计方法用于车门系统设计

将Taguch i稳健设计方法应用于车门系统设计。通过将试验设计与计算分析结合获取产品设计质量特性信息;通过实例说明将结构参数优化组合,提高车门铰接系统稳健性的方法。此方法的优点是可以从许多试验条件中选择出最有代表性的少数几项试验,获得可靠的试验结果,且分析计算简单,适用于多参数的产品优化设计。     

Identification of nonlinear systems using modified particle swarm optimisation: a hydraulic suspension system

This paper presents a novel modified particle swarm optimisation (MPSO) algorithm to identify nonlinear systems. The case of study is a hydraulic suspension system with a complicated nonlinear model. One of the main goals of system identification is to design a model-based controller such as a nonlinear controller using the feedback linearisation. Once the model is identified, the found parameters may be used to design or tune the controller. We introduce a novel mutation mechanism to enhance the global search ability and increase the convergence speed. The MPSO is used to find the optimum values of parameters by minimising the fitness function. The performance of MPSO is compared with genetic algorithm and alternative particle swarm optimisation algorithms in parameter identification. The presented comparisons confirm the superiority of MPSO algorithm in terms of the convergence speed and the accuracy without the premature convergence problem. Furthermore, MPSO is improved to detect any changes of system parameters, which can be used for designing an adaptive controller. Simulation results show the success of the proposed algorithm in tracking time-varying parameters.