GMDSS装备在海警海上搜救中的应用

GMDSS装备在舰艇上的配备为海警部队高效完成海上搜救任务提供了重要保障,但目前其在海上搜救中的具体应用还存在诸多问题。通过对海警海上搜救现状的分析,结合海警部队的管理体制和GMDSS的系统特点,从海警海上搜救处置流程的角度,主要针对GMDSS装备在险情处置、搜救协调和行动保障等方面的应用进行了深入的分析和探讨,以期为海警舰艇更好履行搜救职责提供一定参考。     

船舶遇险报警的识别

1999年2月1日，全球海上遇险与安全系统(GMDSS)全面实施。这意味着所有配备GMDSS设备的遇险船舶都将通过GMDSS系统向搜救中心和附近航行的船舶发出遇险报警。由于报警设备的设计和船员素质的问题，搜救中心接收到的船舶遇险报警中，存在着大量误报警，增加了搜救中心的工作量。因此，正确、及时的区分报警与误报警对减轻搜救中心工作人员和搜救船舶的工作量，对海上遇险人员获得及时有效的救助至关重要。     

浅谈船舶中/高频无线电装置及其安全检查

′74 SOLAS公约1988年GMDSS修正案,即全球海上遇险和安全系统已于1999年2月1日对所有船舶生效,开创了船舶安全通信的新时代,同时也给船舶安全检查人员提出了更高的要求.因此,安检人员有必要了解GMDSS的相关要求和检查方法.GMDSS中的通信系统可归纳为4大分系统,即海事卫星系统、定位系统、地面通信系统和海上安全信息广播系统.其中地面通信系统,系指使用MF/HF/VHF收发通信设备及其终端,进行遇险报警、搜救协调通信、搜救现场通信及日常公共通信的系统.下面就GMDSS中的中/高频无线电装置及其检查作一简要介绍.     

浅谈GMDSS功能设备及其操作性检查

全球海上遇险与安全系统(GMDSS)是IMO用以改善原有海上遇险与安全通信,建立新的搜救通信程序,并用来进一步完善常规海上通信的一整套综合系统。详细阐述了GMDSS功能设备及其操作性检查过程。     

IMO COMSAR第5次会议

国际海事组织(IMO)无线电通信与搜救分委会(COMSAR)第五次会议于2000年12月11日至15日在伦敦IMO总部召开,会议讨论了全球海上遇险与安全系统(GMDSS)、国际电信联盟(ITU)海上无线电通信事宜、卫星业务、误报警和干扰以及搜救事宜等多项议题.     

析GMDSS系统误报警的发生与防范

全球海上遇险和安全系统(GMDSS),使岸上的救助协调中心(RCC)以及遇险船舶和遇险人员附近的其它船舶,能迅速接收到报警,并毫不延迟地进行协调搜救援助。根据88年SOLAS公约修正案的要求,目前大部分船舶已配备了相应的GMDSS设备,取得了明显效果。但是,由于种种原因误报警频繁发生,对搜救中心造成了很大的负担,也对真正的遇险船舶的搜救造成了严重影响,从而在一定程度上减弱了GMDSS的功效。为了更好地发挥GMDSS的作用,根据在中国海上搜救中心工作中遇到的一些问题,进行探讨。     

GMDSS的定义看通信在海上安全中的关键作用

全球海上遇险与安全系统（GMDSS）是在现代无线电通信技术的基础上，适应海上搜救的需要而建立起来的搜救通信系统。遇险船舶能通过此系统迅速发出报警信号；岸上的搜寻当局以及遇险船舶和遇险人员附近的其它船舶，通过此系统能迅速接收到遇险报警，以便进行协调搜救援助。提供紧急和安全通信并播发航行警告和气象警告，气象预报及其它紧急安全信息等海上安全信息。无论船舶航行在哪个海区，都能够完成对本船和航行在同一海区的其它船舶的安全具有重要性的通信功能。因此，GMDSS对海上船舶安全起到关键作用。     

解析GMDSS系统

GMDSS系统,即全球海上遇险与安全系统自实施以来,对保障船舶航行安全起到了重要的作用,挽救了许多船员的宝贵生命和国家财产损失.该系统作为一种全新的全球性搜救通信系统,和原先的通信系统相比,引入了许多高新的技术和全新的内容,特别是引入了卫星通信,使得该系统更能满足船舶搜救和通信的需求.GMDSS系统结构主要包括卫星通信系统和地面通信系统.其中卫星通信系统包括INMARSAT卫星通信系统和搜救卫星系统,地面通信系统主要由MF/HF/VHF通信系统组成.GMDSS系统的主要功能是:保障遇险船舶能够使用各种手段及时、可靠地发出报警,并被搜救部门或其他船舶收到;保证畅通的搜救协调通信及救助现场通信;提供各种方式和手段预防海难事故的发生;为日常的公众通信服务;在狭水道航行时提供驾驶台对驾驶台的通信服务等.     

船舶远程识别与跟踪(LRIT)进展概况

一、船舶远程识别与跟踪(LRIT)概述船舶远程识别与跟踪(Long-Range Identificationand Tracking of Ships,简称LRIT)通过从船载自动识别系统(AIS)提取船舶识别码、船位和时间等数据,并利用全球海上遇险和搜救系统(GMDSS)的Inmarsat-C或高频设备(HF)以固定的时间间隔发送LRIT数据,经计算机对数据处理,实现船舶的远程识别与跟踪。LRIT由船     

海上搜救仿真系统开发与研究

海上搜救是一项复杂的综合过程,在实际演练中受制于人力、财力及物力不足,演练覆盖范围及次数都不能满足需求,海上搜救仿真系统在实际的培训及演练中异常重要。同时海上搜救仿真是一个综合模拟过程,包含船舶紧急状态的操控、GMDSS模拟及告警等过程。本文在剖析海上搜救整个流程的基础上,重点分析搜救系统各模块及人员的通信技术,构建基于搜救流程的通信架构,以满足对于人员演练的实际需求,最后对系统进行可行性验证。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.