基于曲率模态和小波变换的码头排架损伤识别方法*

为准确识别高桩码头的结构损伤,采用曲率模态、曲率模态差和小波变换法进行结构损伤识别,通过对码头排架不同损伤工况下的实例分析,验证了这3种方法在码头结构损伤识别中的可行性和适用性。研究结果表明,当结构无损模态未知时,采用曲率模态小波变换法能够较好地定位结构损伤;当结构无损模态已知时,运用曲率模态差法能准确定位结构损伤。进一步分析表明,曲率模态小波变换系数峰值和曲率模态差突变量还能用于初步判定码头结构多点损伤的损伤程度。     

基于小波包分析和深度学习的舰船辐射噪声识别

为提高舰船辐射噪声识别的准确率,针对辐射噪声这种非平稳、复杂的信号,提出一种基于小波包分解与多特征融合的特征提取方法.同时,引入深度学习模型,将提取到的特征作为识别分类的依据,采用卷积神经网络和长短时记忆神经网络作为分类器.对单一特征的分类结果与融合的多特征分类结果进行比较,对直接提取的特征分类结果与基于小波包分解提取的特征分类结果进行比较,对卷积神经网络、长短时记忆神经网络和机器学习的识别分类结果进行比较,结果表明,采用基于小波包分解与特征融合的特征提取方法和基于深度学习的分类识别方法能显著提高舰船辐射噪声识别的准确率.     

计算小波分布判定海洋平台结构损伤方法研究

由于海洋平台结构长期处于恶劣的海洋环境中,并受到各种载荷的交互作用,结构容易产生各种形式的损伤。因此,对海洋平台进行实时监测有着十分重要的现实意义。本文以单筒简易导管架平台为例,主要在结构损伤的判定和定位两方面对海洋平台的实时结构健康监测进行研究,结果表明通过对结构响应信号进行小波分析,小波变换系数和小波包能量分布可以很好地定义损伤识别指标。     

基于改进小波能熵的水下目标识别

文章研究了基于改进小波能熵和概率神经网络的水下目标识别方法。首先对水下目标辐射噪声信号进行小波变换多分辨率分解和重构,然后引入滑动时间窗,提取各分解子带在滑动时间窗内的改进小波能熵值作为目标识别的特征矢量,最后将特征矢量输入到概率神经网络中实现水下目标识别。对信号进行小波多分辨率分解可反映信号在不同频域上的特征,而引入滑动时间窗并在此基础上定义改进的小波能熵可反映信号的时域特征,因此改进小波能熵方法能同时反映信号的时频特征,更适合于水下目标特征提取。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于小波变换和分形理论的舰船损伤识别

研究舰船的损伤识别对于保障船舶在海面上安全航行具有重要意义。本文提出基于小波变换和分形理论的舰船损伤识别算法,充分考虑小波变换的多尺度细化特性,对获取到的舰船图像进行小波变换和分形计算。通过实验验证了该算法的区分度好,差异性大,可靠性强,有利于利用神经网络进行损失识别。     

基于小波变换的码头结构损伤预警试验研究

为提高码头结构损伤识别方法的准确性和适用性,将小波分析引入到结构损伤识别中.首先介绍了小波变换的基本原理,然后通过高桩码头常见的钢筋混凝土简支梁损伤试验,验证基于小波变换的码头结构损伤预警方法在实际结构上应用的准确性和适用性.对试验梁进行完好工况和损伤工况的动力响应测试,对得到的曲率模态响应进行小波包变换,判定试验梁的损伤位置和损伤程度,从而实现对码头结构的损伤预警.     

基于改进包络分析的船舶轴系故障检测

为解决船舶轴系振动信号中冗余信息过多、故障特征难以识别的问题,提出一种改进的包络分析方法。使用谱峭度(Spectrum Kurtosis,SK)选择包络分析的频带,应用峭度图确定最大SK对应最优频带参数,采用最优频带参数对振动信号进行滤波;对滤波后的信号使用小波包进一步降噪,并对处理后的信号进行包络分析,根据包络谱确定故障类型。采用该方法可以实现在强背景噪声条件下轴系故障的检测。     

嘉兴港航发展调研报告

根据工程结构损伤识别的特点,利用测试模态参数,确定了结构柔度矩阵并通过损伤前后柔度矩阵变化特点确定结构损伤位置,通过一个28自由度的桥梁结构的计算算例表明,该识别方法效果好,在工程应用中具有一定的实用价值。     

多元结构损伤识别的曲率模态分析及数值仿真

应用改进的曲率模态分析方法对具有多处结构损伤的简支梁结构进行了损伤识别,通过数值计算得到了简支梁的曲率模态,由此结果可以确定出损伤单元及位置.由于曲率模态法对结构损伤的识别不敏感,所以文中提出了曲率模态差这一新的概念,思想是通过对曲率模态差的突变研究来判定损伤结构中损伤单元的位置.通过算例分析,其识别效果明显优于曲率模态法.     

主动自导水下航行器的高分辨宽带信号检测技术

为了提高主动自导水下航行器对目标的识别能力,提出一种基于自小波变换的主动自导水下航行器的高分辨宽带信号检测技术,构建主动自导水下航行器的回波信号模型,在海水混响干扰下采用自相关匹配滤波器进行信号滤波处理,对滤波输出的宽带信号采用自小波变换进行时频分解,对水下航行器的回波探测信号作WVD-Hough变换,采用二维谱峰搜索方法实现高分辨的目标信号检测。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行主动自导水下航行器的宽带信号检测的准确检测概率较高,抗旁瓣干扰能力较强,对打击目标的具有高分辨识别能力。     

Detection of nonlinearity effects in structural integrity monitoring methods for offshore jacket-type structures based on principal component analysis

The detection of changes in the dynamic behavior of structures is an important issue in structural safety assessment. The development of detection methods assumes greater significance in the case of offshore platforms because the inherent problems are compounded by the harsh environment. Here, we describe an instrumented physical model for the structural health monitoring of an offshore jacket-type structure and the results of tests in several different damage scenarios. In a comparative investigation of two different methods, we discuss the difficulties of implementing damage detection techniques for complex structures, such as offshore platforms. The combined algorithm of a fuzzy logic system and a model updating method are briefly discussed, and a method based on stochastic autoregressive moving average with exogenous input is adopted for the structure. The consideration of uncertainties and the effects of nonlinearity were major objectives. So, the methods were also investigated based on the test scenarios consisting of the physical model with a geometric nonlinearity. The principal component analysis method was utilized for the detection of nonlinearity in the recorded data. The results show that the developed methods are suitable for damage classification, but the quality of the acquired signals must be considered an important factor influencing successful classification. The development of these methods may be extremely useful, as such technologies could be applied for offshore platforms in service, enabling damage detection with fewer false alarms.     

Damage detection of offshore jacket structures using frequency domain selective measurements

The development of damage detection techniques for offshore jacket structures is vital to prevent catastrophic events. This paper applies a frequency response based method for the purpose of structural health monitoring. In efforts to fulfill this task, concept of the minimum rank perturbation theory has been utilized. The present article introduces a promising methodology to select frequency points effectively. To achieve this goal, modal strain energy ratio of each member was evaluated at different natural frequencies of structure in order to identify the sensitive frequency domain for damage detection. The proposed methodology opens up the possibility of much greater detection efficiency. In addition, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated in relation to multiple damages. The aforementioned points are illustrated using the numerical study of a two dimensional jacket platform, and the results proved to be satisfactory utilizing the proposed methodology.     

一种用于移动目标探测的空时混响模型（英文）

In recent years, moving target detection methods based on low-rank and sparse matrix decomposition have been developed, and they have achieved good results. However, there is not enough interpretation to support the assumption that there is a high correlation among the reverberations after each transmitting pulse. In order to explain the correlation of reverberations, a new reverberation model is proposed from the perspective of scattering cells in this paper. The scattering cells are the subarea divided from the detection area. The energy fluctuation of a scattering cell with time and the influence of the neighboring cells are considered. Key parameters of the model were analyzed by numerical analysis, and the applicability of the model was verified by experimental analysis. The results showed that the model can be used for several simulations to evaluate the performance of moving target detection methods.     

港工结构破损状态的预测和评估

本文应用灰色系统理论,提出了预测港工结构破损状态的建模方法和步骤,并给出了用于预测的动态模型,运用这个模型可以预测结构未来时刻所处的状态;建议了不同损伤类型的结构破损状态评定标准,为工程单位决策的科学化提供了参考依据。     

利用一种改进的模态应变能法诊断海洋平台结构的损伤（英文）

The development of robust damage detection methods for offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophes caused by structural failures. In this research, we developed an Improved Modal Strain Energy(IMSE) method for detecting damage in offshore platform structures based on a traditional modal strain energy method(the Stubbs index method). The most significant difference from the Stubbs index method was the application of modal frequencies. The goal was to improve the robustness of the traditional method. To demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed IMSE method, both numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different damage scenarios using a jacket platform structure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IMSE method in damage location when only limited, spatially incomplete, and noise-polluted modal data is available. Comparative studies showed that the IMSE index outperformed the Stubbs index and exhibited stronger robustness, confirming the superiority of the proposed approach.     

An improved modal strain energy method for damage detection in offshore platform structures

The development of robust damage detection methods for offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophes caused by structural failures. In this research, we developed an Improved Modal Strain Energy (IMSE) method for detecting damage in offshore platform structures based on a traditional modal strain energy method (the Stubbs index method). The most significant difference from the Stubbs index method was the application of modal frequencies. The goal was to improve the robustness of the traditional method. To demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed IMSE method, both numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different damage scenarios using a jacket platform structure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IMSE method in damage location when only limited, spatially incomplete, and noise-polluted modal data is available. Comparative studies showed that the IMSE index outperformed the Stubbs index and exhibited stronger robustness, confirming the superiority of the proposed approach.     

多分量非均匀采样LFM信号的检测

提出了一种新的基于分数阶Fourier域非均匀采样理论的多分量LFM信号检测方法。给出一种新的非均匀采样方法,建立该方法的模型,得到了非均匀采样LFM信号在分数阶Fourier域的频谱表达式。在此基础上,对多分量非均匀采样LFM信号进行了检测研究。与传统的LFM信号检测方法相比,该方法具有较好的检测信号的能力,同时减少了运算量,满足了实时性要求。     

A method for structural damage detection considering scour depth under the pile-soil interaction

The structure of an offshore wind turbine accumulates damage during its service life, while its surrounding soil is continually scoured. However, the existing damage detection technique based on structural mode ignores scouring, which will cause damage misjudgment in engineering application. Therefore, the effect of scour depth on structural damage detection need to be studied urgently. In this paper, the pile and its surrounding soil are constructed into a vibration system, and the change of soil constraint state caused by scouring is reflected in structural mode. Based on that, a new structural damage detection method considering the pile-soil interaction is developed, which is suitable for engineering reality. Then, from a comparison between the calculated result and preset damage in the numerical simulations and model experiments, the proposed method is validated. The results show that the interference factors caused by scouring increase with the increase of scour depth, which causes the deterioration of damage identification effects gradually, and even masks the preset damage in the end. Finally, an optimized FE model based on the actual scour depth is presented, which reduces the number of interference factors and improves the effect of damage detection significantly.     

对称Alpha稳定分布噪声下的Duffing振子检测方法

Duffing振子是利用系统对与策动力同频的小信号敏感而对噪声免疫实现微弱信号检测,特定分布下的噪声激励Duffing振子系统不会发生相变是应用该方法的前提条件。文中主要研究了服从Alpha稳定分布的噪声激励Duffing振子产生相变的鲁棒性问题,研究结果表明Duffing振子相变在Alpha稳定分布源的激励下为小概率事件。为消除小概率相变的影响,利用多支路并行检测及多数判决准则对常规的Duffing振子检测方法进行改进,即将待测信号分段截短周期延拓后送入多个并行Duffing振子检测单元,若检测单元多数发生相变,必然是由于弱目标信号而非噪声激励所致,即可判定检测信号中包含目标小信号。将该方法应用于水下目标回波信号的检测中,实测数据处理结果验证了该方法是有效的。     

船载多目标水声跟踪系统的实时阵列信号处理

本文介绍一种船载多目标水声跟踪系统，它以多片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５ＤＳＰ为核心采用并行处理技术，以达到对下快速目标实时准确定位的目的。