带节点深水管道GSPU湿式保温管全尺寸模拟弯曲性能试验

文中介绍了全尺寸深水海底管道GSPU湿式保温涂层及节点SPU湿式保温涂层的模拟弯曲试验设备、方法、步骤及试验结果。通过试验前后表观观察及力学性能测试的对比分析,结果表明试验结果符合ISO 12736—2011附录B标准要求,节点及管体涂层经弯曲试验后与钢管之间剪切力也变化很小,充分说明节点及管体涂层的良好抗弯曲性能。     

滞留含水率对乳化沥青混合料性能的影响分析

文章调整了马歇尔试验和车辙试验的试件成型方法,利用马歇尔试验、高温和低温性能等试验确定了滞留含水率的合理范围,并分析了滞留含水率对乳化沥青混合料长期服役性能的影响。试验结果表明:当滞留含水率12%时,乳化沥青混合料的水稳定性、高温和低温性能均满足规范要求;在长期服役性能方面,随着滞留含水率的增大,乳化沥青混合料的性能衰变速度加快。     

长输天然气管道内涂层技术及其应用

天然气长输管道内壁采用覆盖层不仅可以减少管道的内壁腐蚀,而且可以降低管道内壁粗糙度,减少输气时的摩阻,提高输气量,减少清管次数,减少中间加压站,有效地降低压缩机功耗,提高经济性.文中分析了采用天然气管道内涂层技术的必要性和优点以及内涂层的涂覆工艺和技术难点.     

带搪瓷内涂层油套管的井下适用性分析

耐蚀性很强的搪瓷等无机非金属材料内涂层油套管已应用于油气开采。虽然搪瓷涂层耐蚀性很好,但是油套管工作环境复杂、恶劣,可能引起搪瓷内涂层脱落,影响耐蚀性能。掉落的搪瓷碎片会导致卡泵、设备严重磨蚀等问题,使油井产量降低,检泵周期缩短。为了了解带搪瓷内涂层油套管的适用性,通过对搪瓷涂层的结合性能、抗热震性能和套管抗压溃性能的检测,得出带搪瓷内涂层油套管具有良好的稳定性和机械强度的结论。     

大口径钢质管道内减阻涂层涂敷施工综述

在大口径长输天然气管线上采用内涂层减阻技术，以达到降低管线摩阻、增加管输量、降低管线运行综合成本的目的，在我国首次应用于西气东输工程。根据实际施工经验，本文详细阐述了内减阻涂层的施工工艺流程，介绍了内涂敷设备和内涂敷质量控制，对内涂层的涂敷施工有一定的参考价值。     

复杂地应力红层泥岩隧道持续底鼓原因分析北大核心CSCD

为揭示复杂地应力红层泥岩隧道持续底鼓特征及底鼓原因,以某隧道为研究对象,通过长期变形监测、地下水位监测、隧底围岩位移监测等方法对底鼓变形特征进行了统计分析,并结合钻孔取芯岩样分析、地应力测试、围岩膨胀力测试、岩石蠕变试验、数值模拟分析等手段对可能导致隧道底鼓的因素逐一进行了分析。结果表明:受控于近水平层状泥岩以及复杂地应力,隧道部分段落呈现出底鼓时间“不收敛”、底鼓段落“不连续”、底鼓程度“不均衡”的三大特征;隧道岩层产状近水平,岩性为粉砂质泥岩,属于软质岩,未达到膨胀岩判定标准,具有中—低蠕变特性,隧址区地应力场以水平构造应力为主,水平应力在9.5~13.73 MPa之间;隧道开挖后,局部应力集中导致围岩发生蠕变,当蠕变产生的形变压力过大时,仰拱局部进入塑性状态,隧道即产生底鼓。     

雾封层材料抗滑性能试验研究

选取5种雾封层材料,采用3种试验方法分别模拟新建、路面使用一段时间以及路面长期使用后3个不同时期施工的雾封层,通过抗滑性能变化测试,评价了5种雾封层材料的抗滑性能,5种材料在涂刷后短时间内,对原路面抗滑性能影响差别较大.     

管道堆焊及SHS内衬陶瓷的制备及性能测试

文中提出了用先堆焊镍基合金后自蔓延(SHS)内衬陶瓷,最后将两管道的堆焊端进行焊接的方法来提高石油天然气管道的抗腐蚀、冲蚀能力;并在制好的堆焊/自蔓延管道上截取试样,进行了X射线衍射试验、硬度试验和冲蚀磨损试验,为更耐久的石油天然气管道的制作提供了工艺方法,也为管道性能分析提供了试验数据。     

电弧喷涂工艺参数对3Cr13涂层性能稳定性的影响

采用正交设计方法研究了电弧喷涂工艺参数对 3Cr13涂层结合强度和耐磨性的影响。试验结果表明 :影响涂层性能稳定性的工艺参数主要是电弧电流 ,其次是喷涂距离。按涂层结合强度和按磨损失重确定的空气压力与电弧电压两个因素的主次排列顺序不同。当电弧电流一定时 ,喷涂距离过大或过小都不利于涂层性能的稳定性 ,且喷涂距离和空气压力为反向组合时涂层性能稳定性最差。涂层中的孔隙率和氧化物的数量是造成涂层性能变化波动的主要原因 ,采用较大的电弧电流可减少涂层中的孔隙率和氧化物数量 ,有利于涂层的致密性增强 ,涂层强度高 ,耐磨性也好。     

双层涂层道路标线的耐沾污性研究

文章分析了道路交通标线耐沾污性能的影响因素,研究了一种耐热稳定性好、涂层致密性高的双层涂层抗污标线,并采用SPSS软件对标线使用期间的耐沾污性能进行试验分析。结果表明,双层涂层抗污标线的抗污性能明显优于热熔标线和双组份标线,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.