湘江尾闾段枯水水位下降成因及影响

湘江尾闾位于洞庭湖区,属典型的河湖两相性河段,水文变化规律复杂。为了研究湘江尾闾段枯水水位变化,从三峡蓄水、湘江上游水利工程建设、下游河道采砂等多因素进行分析:三峡蓄水后,洞庭湖湖口城陵矶站枯水水位略有抬高,湘江上游来水量未减少,长沙枢纽坝下并未出现河床整体下切,三口四水来沙量虽逐年下降,但远小于河道泥沙开采量。研究认为引起湘江尾闾段枯水水位不断下切的主要原因在于河道大规模采砂,极大地破坏了河床形态,不仅严重影响湘江尾闾航道正常通行、威胁涉水建筑物安全,也对生态环境造成了很大程度破坏。遏止湘江尾闾段枯水水位下降,维护航道内船舶正常通航,洞庭湖湖区采砂科学规划和管理亟待加强。     

长江中游下临江坪至陈二口河段航道尺度提升可能性探析

长江中游下临江坪以上相邻河段最小航道维护水深为4.5 m,长江中游城陵矶以下相邻河段最小航道维护水深为4.2 m(试运行),而处于两河段之间的宜昌下临江坪—城陵矶河段最小航道维护水深不足4.0 m,呈现出典型的"两头深、中间浅"的格局,致使船舶在中、长距离运输时,装载能力难以充分发挥。为不断提高航道服务质量,满足宜昌、枝城等港口、船舶运输单位和沿江厂矿企业对航运的要求,对近坝河段水位、流量、航道特点、航道尺度核查等数据进行综合分析,提出提升下临江坪至陈二口河段航道维护尺度至4.5 m×150 m的可行性。     

长江岳阳航道处开放城陵矶—茅草岭段80km海轮航道

正为进一步聚焦公益服务职能,提高辖区航道通过能力、释放航运潜能、助推沿江水运经济发展,2020年5月1日0时,长江岳阳航道处开放辖区城陵矶—茅草岭段80km海轮航道。至此,进江海轮可沿长江口上溯至城陵矶,实现江海直达。为确保辖区海轮航道顺利开放,该处精心准备,提前制定了详细的工作预案,加强航道水深探测,根据当前水位涨落情况以及航道变化情况,对港区、桥区、锚地、礁石等重点水域的航标进行调整,优化通航条件。加强数字航道运行监     

长江南京以下深水航道设计最低通航水位初析

长江南京以下深水航道地处感潮河段,如何计算设计最低通航水位是航道建设技术论证的首要工作。通过初步论证分析,得到一些基本认识：对于南京以下河段,现行航道水深起算基面不能视同为设计最低通航水位、不宜轻易调整航道水深起算基面、设计最低通航水位宜统一采用海港方法计算并根据水文条件变化作必要调整、个别河段航道设计水深需大于12.5 m。     

日调节非恒定流对筲箕背河段航道水流条件的影响

选取典型工况通过非恒定数学模型计算分析滩段水位、流量、流速、比降等因素变化特性,得到日调节对筲箕背河段水流条件的影响。结果显示,2种日调节工况下非恒定流传播至筲箕背河段水位变幅在1.01~1.37 m,非恒定流对下游航道水流条件和对研究河段内的控制河段及航道维护设施等产生一定的影响,并且日变幅4.5 m较日变幅3.0 m工况对航道水流条件等影响更大。分析结果为优化枢纽航运调度方案和航道维护措施提供支撑。     

湘江大花滩航道整治方案优化及效果数值研究*

针对湘江渠化河段大花滩连续弯道滩险航道整治措施进行研究。采用非结构化网格,建立工程河段二维水流数学模型和船舶操纵运动数学模型。验证原型实测水位验证模型的可靠性后,计算得到了不同流量情况下工程河段的航道水深、流场以及船模操纵的舵角、漂角、最小航速等主要参数。结果表明：工程河段内不实施切嘴及整治建筑物也可通过优化航线、拓宽航宽并结合适当的疏浚、护岸工程措施满足通航标准要求。     

三峡蓄水后宜昌断面枯水位下降趋势及应对策略分析

宜昌断面的枯水水位是反映葛洲坝船闸通航条件的特征参数。自葛洲坝修建以来，宜昌断面枯水位明显下降。三峡蓄水以后，宜昌断面的来沙量降低，河床发生冲刷调整，枯水位将发生相应变化。依据实测资料，对三峡蓄水运用初期宜昌至虎牙滩河段的冲刷特性、宜昌枯水位的变化、影响宜昌断面枯水位的因素以及下降趋势进行了分析，初步探讨了应对宜昌水位下降的策略。     

大藤峡枢纽运行方式调整对来桂航道方案的影响

针对大藤峡水利枢纽因在项目建议书和工可阶段运行方式发生变化而导致枢纽上游航道需整治滩险数量大幅增加的问题,对2种运行方式下的最低通航水位和一期蓄水前后施工水位进行对比分析,得出最低通航水位和开挖引起的下降值对航道设计方案及投资的影响,以及大藤峡一期蓄水前后施工水位成果.结论为库区航道整治方案受枢纽调度运行方式影响大,在...     

饶河双港—褚溪河口航道整治后浅滩演变及最低通航水位变化

饶河双港—褚溪河口航道整治工程实施后，遭遇2022年极端枯水条件下，局部存在碍航浅滩段。依据实测资料及数学模型计算，对浅滩演变、基本站设计水位变化及最低通航水位进行计算分析。结果表明，工程后朱袍山—褚溪河口段航槽深泓高程以下降为主，平均值为0.7～3.0 m,冲刷总量为137.31万m³;延长水文系列至2021年，饶河双港下游段基本站设计最低通航水位下降值为0.12～0.61 m;设计最低通航流量条件下，饶河湖区段水位下降最大值为0.13～0.25 m,平均为0.05～0.11 m。     

影响长江中下游开放发展的问题及对策

当前,如何进一步搞好长江对外开放工作,从航运的角度看,有三个问题必须引起国家有关部门的高度重视,并加以解决:一是加强航道疏浚整治工作;二是提高已建成的长江大桥通航净空高度;三是实施水上交通秩序的现代化管理。这三方面的问题解决好了,才能为长江全面对外开放创造良好的外部水运环境与条件,加速长江流域经济的快速发展,充分发挥黄金水道的作用。 一、加强航道疏浚整治工作 长江航道经过多年来的疏浚整治,航道条件得到一定的改善,但与长江流域的经济发展与开放还很不适应,表现在航道尺度(水深、航宽、曲率半径)方面,尤以航道水深更为突出。长江航道的现状是,长江下游以汉口水位为标准,划分为枯水位期(4米及以下),每年12月至翌年3月;中水位期(4～10米),每年4、5、10、11月,习惯上又可分为中水位前期(4～7米)与后期(7～10米),约各为2个月;洪水位期(10～13米)、高洪水位期(13米以上),每年6、7、8、9月。不同的水位期,不同河段的航道水深,有明显的差异。一般来说,长江下游航道水深,吴淞口至南京段,全年维护水深均在10.5米以上,标准航宽200米,其中浅槽处白茆沙水道维护水深7.1米,通州沙水道维护水深8.0米。枯水位期,南京至安庆段,维护水深一般可保持4.5米,标准航宽100米,其中     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.