基于HAM的汽车乘员约束系统多参数优化

针对汽车乘员约束系统高度非线性且难于求解最优值的特点,提出全局敏感性分析结合混合元模型的优化方法,通过蒙特卡罗模拟在整个设计空间内采样,以元模型代替仿真模型来完成设计参数的敏感性分析,并将分析获得的信息用于混合元模型优化（hybrid and adaptive metamodeling method,HAM）,将二阶多项式响应面、Kriging模型、径向基函数三种元模型有机结合,自适应选择最佳的元模型进行寻优.搜索过程中元模型不断更新与重建,逐渐提高关键区域的精度,从而快速寻找到全局最优解.对某工程实例的优化结果表明该方法是有效的.     

Industry foundation classes based integration of architectural design and structural analysis

The numerous construction projects in China provide the best environment for the development of information technology applied in building design. Various commercial CAD/CAE software applications are purchased by design firms for multi-disciplinary design tasks. However, researches on integration and interoperability are seldom considered. This study pursues a breakthrough point of integration in the architectural and structural domains and expects further development in other aspects. A central building information modeling (BIM) framework based on the industry foundation classes (IFC) is proposed to handle the data exchange between IFC-compatible architectural models and structural models. A central XML(extensible markup language)-based unified finite element model (FEM) is proposed for model conversion among various commercial structural CAE software applications. In addition to bidirectional data interfaces among IFC-based BIM, XML-based FEM and various commercial FEMs, some other components such as visualization, calculation and model editing/check are also equipped into the prototype system.     

CAD/CAE/CAM技术在吊杆设计制造中的应用

首先详细介绍CAD/CAE/CAM技术在机械行业中的应用过程,然后通过206转向架吊杆的设计、校核和加工,探讨了该技术在铁道车辆零部件设计与制造中应用的可行性和使用过程.主要内容包括:应用CAD软件(Solidworks)完成吊杆的结构设计;运用软件CAE(ANSYS)对吊杆的结构进行有限元分析、强度校核和吊杆结构改进;应用CAM软件(CAXA)对吊杆结构进行模拟数控加工.分析表明,尽快在铁路车辆制造业中引入CAD/CAE/CAM技术势在必行.     

桥梁智能CAD系统中的类比技术研究

首先分析了工程设计的实现,然后以工程设计过程的理论模型－规划控制下的二阶段设计模型为理论依据,讨论了桥梁数据结构的设计方法,并制定了相应的类比推理模型。     

4WD概念车驱动桥的设计与分析

基于三维数字化CAD/CAE应用平台,运用NX 6.0、Pro/E 5.0和Ansys 11.0软件,通过对主减速器、Torsen差速器等总成的参数化建模和虚拟装配、运动仿真,探讨了4WD概念车驱动桥的设计方法。     

CAD/CAE集成技术在内燃机设计中的应用

概述了现代设计与制造技术对汽车内燃机行业的影响,以有限元分析(FEA)和AVL公司的内燃机系列模拟软件的功能特点为重点,介绍了CAD/CAE集成技术在汽车内燃机设计中的应用,并阐述了发展方向。     

A multi-objective optimal approach to automated construction of sacrificial multi-piece molds

Sacrificial multi-piece molds can be used for producing complex parts. To obtain the optimal design of molds automatically, a multi-objective optimal approach is proposed. Mold pieces number, material utilization and partitioning area are taken as the objective functions, and the machinability of each mold piece is taken as constraint condition. Genetic algorithm (GA) is adopted to realize global optimization of partitioning process. Each mold piece in optimal scheme can be manufactured by milling and drilling operations, which reduce the tooling cost and shorten product cycle obviously. Using the proposed approach, mold design can be significantly automated for making complex parts.     

Engineering design optimization based on intelligent response surface methodology

An intelligent response surface methodology （IRSM） was proposed to achieve the most competitive metal forming products, in which artificial intelligence technologies are introduced into the optimization process. It is used as simple and inexpensive replacement for computationally expensive simulation model. In IRSM, the optimal design space can be reduced greatly without any prior information about function distribution. Also, by identifying the approximation error region, new design points can be supplemented correspondingly to improve the response surface model effectively. The procedure is iterated until the accuracy reaches the desired threshold value. Thus, the global optimization can be performed based on this substitute model. Finally, we present an optimization design example about roll forming of a ＂U＂ channel product.     

金属成形数值模拟算法及软件开发

以实现拥有部分算法特色的金属成形定制化CAE （computer-aided engineering）软件为目的,在自主开发的OmtDesk平台基础上,嵌入金属成形数值计算程序.首先,以双势理论为基础,运用Uzawa算法求解金属成形中的接触摩擦问题;其次,采用建立在更新拉格朗日框架上的返回映射算法,求解金属成形中材料非线性问题;最后,通过压缩回弹和挤压成形两个数值算例,验证了自主开发的金属成形定制化CAE软件FEM/Form的准确性与通用性,并将求解结果与ANSYS对比.在压缩回弹算例中,采用ANSYS得到10–3 mm量级的穿透量,相同算例采用FEM/Form则能将穿透量控制在10–7 mm量级,说明采用双势接触模块能更加精确地控制金属成形数值模拟中的穿透量,使金属成形过程更加准确.      

用Protel实现仿真—PCB一体化设计

复杂的电路通常借助于仿真软件或电路实验进行方案设计,用电子CAD软件绘制印刷电路板。由于两种软件由不同公司开发,用于仿真的原理图无法直接用于PCB的生成,从而降低了效率。文中提出用最新的Prote199实现测频电路的原理图－仿真－PCB一体化设计,先绘制电路原理图,再通过仿真软件进行修改、优化,然后直接用该原理图通过自动布线技术完成PCB设计。由于三者基于同一平台,无缝集成。降低了设计成本,提高了开发效率。该方法特别适用于复杂的数字－模拟混合电路设计。     

工程设计问题的智能模型

本文通过对工程设计间题特性以及工程设计思维特点的论述,提出了一种适合于实 现智能CAD系统的工程设计智能模型。这种模型用规划方法将整个设计间题分解成 由各种设计对象组成的类等级层次结构,能方便地将人类(专家)的设计知识和经验 融入到CAD系统之中.      

Sensitivity analysis of parameters for multi-stand roll forming using a new booting model

Multi-stand roll forming is a process that has very complicated deformation behaviour and shows significant nonlinearity.In this paper, the sensitivity analysis of parameters for multi-stand roll forming was performed via a new booting finite element method(FEM) model.Compared with the most of simulation, the new model is more consistent with production process and can account for the effects of roll rotating speed.Based on the model, the process of an open section channel formed with 10 passes was simulated and the sensitivity analysis was conducted with orthogonal experiment design combined FEM model.The multi-stand roll forming process can be efficiently analyzed by the new booting model.And sensitivity analysis shows the hardening exponent plays an important role in controlling the quality of the products.     

Optimization of Clinching Tools by Integrated Finite Element Model and Genetic Algorithm Approach

Clinching is a convenient and efficient cold forming process that can join two sheets without any additional part. This study establishes an intelligent system for optimizing the clinched joint. Firstly, a mathematical model which introduces the ductile damage constraint to prevent cracking during clinching process is proposed.Meanwhile, an optimization methodology and its corresponding computer program are developed by integrated finite element model(FEM) and genetic algorithm(GA) approach. Secondly, Al6061-T4 alloy sheets with a thickness of 1.4 mm are used to verify this optimization system. The optimization program automatically acquires the largest axial strength which is approximately equal to 872 N. Finally, sensitivity analysis is implemented, in which the influence of geometrical parameters of clinching tools on final joint strength is analyzed. The sensitivity analysis indicates the main parameters to influence joint strength, which is essential from an industrial point of view.     

基于非线性规划法的最小阻力船型优化设计

为了获得阻力性能优良船型,以兴波阻力理论为基础,利用非线性规划法并结合CAD技术研究最小阻力船型的优化设计.以总阻力为目标函数,总阻力用兴波阻力和平板摩擦阻力之和来表达,设计变量取船型修改函数的参数,在保证必要的排水量为基本约束条件下,选取Wigley船型为初始船型,分别对船体的首部和全船线型进行优化设计.通过将改良船型的阻力性能、船体线型和基于Michell积分法的优化计算结果相比较,证实了在相同的设计参数和约束条件下,采用Rankine源法进行船型优化结果更可靠.     

城市地铁单拱大跨断面结构设计安全论证

本文利用Mjdas—GTs岩土及地下工程设计与施工分析软件,对重庆地铁单拱大跨断面进行有限元模拟。对开挖工法采用二维地层一结构模型模拟各开挖工序,得出定性的评价;对初期支护安全度按破损阶段验算截面强度．进行安全系数的评价;对二次衬砌按概率极限状态设计法,进行承载能力极限状态及正常使用极限状态的验算,并进行混凝土抗裂计算。结果表明。重庆地区类似地层采用双侧壁导坑法麓工大跨断面安全可行．麓工阶段中开挖中部核心土是双侧壁工法的关键工序。结论对城市地铁大跨度暗挖设计和施工具有参考与指导意义。     

生成线路初始平面的自动优化方法

为迅速获得合理的线路平面初始方案,将产生线路初始平面的过程分为两个连续的子过程：首先根据航空折线寻求一条链式折线线路,然后对链式折线线路平面进行圆顺处理,生成直线－曲线－直线型线路平面;再进行线路平面初步优化设计后,即可得出线路初始平面方案。该方法已用于铁路新线设计智能CAD系统的研究中。     

基于Synchro仿真的交叉口渠化与信号配啦协调优化

考虑到交叉口渠化对信号配时的影响,提出一种信号配时协调优化方法。第一阶段,在交通调查基础上,利用Synchro仿真软件对现有交叉口配时方案进行优化;第二阶段,根据第一阶段配时优化结果和交叉口现状提出合理的渠化改进方法,并进一步利用Synchro仿真软件得到新的优化配时方案;最后,从两个方案中选择较优的作为最后方案。典型交叉口案例表明,本协调优化方法可在较少渠化的基础上提高交叉口服务水平,尤其适用于拥挤的交叉口。     

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针对目前设计手册中城市轨道交通车站站台宽度计算存在的问题,本文根据现场调研,借鉴其他国家或地区的设计规范,提出了计入楼扶梯纵向对应宽度的改进站台乘降区宽度测算方法;并采用计算机行人仿真工具,分别根据原方法和改进方法计算得到的站台宽度建立了案例车站的实体环境,进行仿真分析,得到了两种方法设计的车站的行人密度分布、行人时间损失、站台集散时间等指标.指标对比显示,对站台集散能力起决定作用的是站台楼扶梯,采用改进的计算方法,站台宽度虽然有缩减,但是整体服务水平降低不大,改进的计算方法在满足站台安全舒适性的要求的同时可缩减车站规模.     

智能冲模CAD系统中的CBD方法研究

介绍了实例推理方法（CBR）的一般原理，通过对比冲模设计过程和CBR方法，说明了基于实例的设计（CBD）方法用于智能冲模CAD系统的合理性，并研究了其中的关键技术。     

The Numerical Simulation on Hollow Part''''s Precise Sizing Process With Cross-wedge Rolling

ThepaperwassponsoredbyPanDengBprojectIntroductionThecrosswedgerollingprocesshasmnyadVatages.ItisaldndofneweffectiveandeconomictechnologythatProducesstePPedshaft.ThetOchnologyhowtoimPovetheaccuracyofworkPiecehasbeingdeVeoped.ThediametertoleraneofsolidpartscanbelimitedbetWeen0.2mmto0.5mm.Thelengthtolerancerangedbforeen0.2nuntolmm.TheaccuracyofpatscouldsatsfythePfOcisionlevelofthetoleranceandmachiningallowancesofsteeldieforeingChinesenationalstandard.[l]Butthediametertoleranceofhollowpeds…