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柴油微引燃乙醇发动机采用进气道喷射乙醇、缸内直喷微量柴油引燃的方式进行燃料供给。基于单缸四冲程柴油机,对其燃烧、性能及排放特性进行研究,固定引燃柴油喷射量为发动机能实现压燃着火的最小值,在进气压力为0.15 MPa时比较不同乙醇喷射量的工况组,通过改变柴油喷射时刻进行工况扫描。结果表明,引燃柴油的喷射时刻对发动机的燃烧、性能和排放影响显著。柴油微引燃乙醇发动机在中高负荷能够稳定运行,指示热效率可达34%以上,通过适当调节柴油喷射时刻,可以有效控制未燃碳氢(UHC)、NO_x与CO排放,同时可以实现极低的炭烟排放。柴油微引燃乙醇发动机燃烧模式为预混合或部分预混合燃烧,燃烧有两阶段放热特征,改变引燃柴油喷射时刻,可以有效控制燃烧相位。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to understand the operational characteristics of a diesel engine that uses BD20 reformed by ultrasonic
energy irradiation. In particular we study the effects of tuning injection delay and EGR rate. BD containing about 10% oxygen
has attracted attention due to soaring crude oil prices and environmental pollution. This oxygen decreases soot by promoting
combustion, but it also increases NOx. To solve this problem, injection timing may be delayed or an EGR system may be applied.
These adjustments normally lower engine power and increase exhaust emission but, in using fuel reformed by ultrasonic energy
irradiation (which is changed physically and chemically to promote combustion), we may hope to circumvent this problem. To
control the duration of the ultrasonic energy irradiation, the capacity of the chamber in an ultrasonic energy fuel supply
system was tested at 550cc and 1100cc capacities. As for the results of the experiment, we could identify the optimum EGR
rate by investigating the engine performance and the characteristics of exhaust emissions according to the injection timing
and the EGR rate while ultrasonically irradiated BD20 was fed to a commercial diesel engine. With UBD20 (at an injection timing
of BTDC 16°), the optimum EGR rate, giving satisfactory engine performance and exhaust emissions characteristics, was in the
range of 15∼20%. 相似文献
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在1台共轨直喷(CRDI)柴油机上开展了不同喷射策略下桐油、乙醇与柴油混合燃料的燃烧和排放特性研究。试验结果表明:与0号柴油相比,混合燃料的着火延迟期稍长,缸内压力峰值和放热率较高,但燃烧持续期稍短;随着桐油和乙醇体积分数的增加,有效热效率(BTE)也随之增大。在低负荷时,混合燃料的CO和HC排放较高,且随着桐油和乙醇所占体积分数的增大而增加;混合燃料的NOx排放在低负荷时较低,在高负荷时略高;在高负荷时,混合燃料的炭烟排放大大减少。总体而言,混合燃料中乙醇对发动机性能的影响比桐油大。 相似文献
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Recently, to reduce environmental pollution and the waste of limited energy resources, there is an increasing requirement
for higher engine efficiency and lower levels of harmful emissions. A premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine,
which uses a 2-stage type injection, has drawn attention because this combustion system can simultaneously reduce the amount
of NOx and PM exhausted from diesel engines. It is well known that the fuel injection timing and the spray angle in a PCCI
engine affect the mixture formation and the combustion. To acquire two optimal injection timings, the combustion and emission
characteristics of the PCCI engine were analyzed with various injection conditions. The flame visualization was performed
to validate the result obtained from the engine test. This study reveals that the optimum injection timings are BTDC 60° for
the first injection and ATDC 5° for the second injection. In addition, the injection ratio of 3 to 7 showed the best NOx and
PM emission results. 相似文献
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This paper proposed a quasi-dimensional combustion model from a new observed two-phase penetration and combustion phenomenon in diesel spray. In the model, fuel spray was divided into two of liquid and gas phase areas. Considering the phenomenon that separation of gas and liquid phase in diesel spray occurs during spray penetration, gas and liquid area of spray are discretized respectively. Liquid phase areas play important role in fuel mass transport, however gas phase areas are the main region for fuel combustion in the model. Fuel and air mixing rate of gas phase zone is the key for the calculation of combustion rate. Validation experiments are designed by using optimal Latin hypercube design method. Comparison of calculations and experiments show that the model is able to predict diesel engine performance at different engine speeds, loads, and injection pressure and timing, and provides guidance for the design of engines. 相似文献
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在135单缸柴油机上对比了传统燃烧模式和HCCI燃烧模式的负荷特性,优化了HCCI燃烧模式的喷油始点,分析了内部EGR率及增压压力对HCCI燃烧负荷范围及排放的影响。试验结果表明:对于负气门重叠期喷油的HCCI燃烧模式,1 500r/min下,最佳喷油始点为370°BTDC,气门重叠期为-30°时既保证了较低的NOx排放,又可以获得较佳的负荷范围;提高增压压力不仅可以拓展HCCI燃烧的负荷上限,对负荷下限的燃烧稳定性也有利;将增压压力提高到0.18MPa时,负荷上限从传统燃烧的0.594MPa上升到0.723MPa,但负荷下限较传统燃烧模式要高,CO排放、烟度和燃油经济性都较差。 相似文献
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在21世纪,石油紧缺与环境污染已然成为人类发展的两大威胁,成为人类急需解决的两大难题。柴油在其中扮演着重要的角色,并且柴油的燃烧会产生有害污染物,严重污染环境,所以寻找柴油替代物的任务重中之重。文章选用棕榈油为替代燃料,与柴油按照一定的体积比例进行掺混,配制PD30E10,PD30E30,PD50E10和PD50E30这四种微乳化燃料,其中P表示棕榈油,E表示0号柴油,E表示乙醇。在一台六缸CRDI柴油机上做发动机测试。在小负荷下测试了柴油,PD30E10,PD30E30,PD50E10和PD50E30这五种燃油的燃烧特性。经过对比发现,在小负荷下,柴油的缸压峰值都要高于微乳化燃料;在预喷射阶段,柴油的瞬时放热率峰值高于微乳化燃料,在主喷阶段,刚好相反,微乳化燃料高于柴油。 相似文献
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改善重型车用增压中冷电控直喷式柴油机排放的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种重型车用涡轮增压中冷,电控直喷,可变进气涡流的柴油机,给出其部分性能试验结果,分析研究了燃烧室尺寸和喷油系数参数(喷孔直径,喷油压力,喷孔锥角及喷油定时)对柴油机主要排气污染物NOx和碳烟的影响。 相似文献
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降低车用直喷式柴油机有害排放污染物的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了满足车用柴油机未来的排放限值,需采取有效措施改善燃烧过程,在保持良好的燃油经济性的同时,大大降低在害排放物。本文对燃烧室几何形状、喷油压力、喷嘴类型等进行了匹配试验。结果表明,重新匹配的6110型柴油机废气排放可满足欧洲法规Ⅰ的要求。 相似文献
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通过台架试验的方法,对1台0.5L单缸柴油机进行了热力学分析,将缸内燃烧所释放能量的热量分布和可用能分布进行计算和比较,在此基础之上比较了喷油规律相关参数对热平衡的影响,提出了相应减少不可逆损失、提升热效率的解决途径。试验结果表明:在相同工况下,对于不同的喷油模式,燃烧不可逆损失差异不大,差异主要体现在排气损失和其他部分损失;预喷参数和后喷参数对热量分布影响较小,而喷油压力和主喷正时的影响较为明显。随着喷油压力的增大或主喷正时的提前,燃烧不可逆程度降低,排气可用能损失减少,热力循环的热效率得以提升。而对于余热能回收,排气中流失的可用能回收的潜力和价值较大,将这一部分能量妥善地利用可对整机性能起到明显的改善效果,若排气温度从750K降至500K,通过排气余热能的利用可提升指示功20.91%,达到提升动力性和燃油经济性的目的。 相似文献
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为了分析柴油机燃用F-T柴油的燃烧波动特性,在增压中冷直喷柴油机上对燃用F-T柴油和0号柴油的中高转速和负荷工况进行了对比试验研究。研究表明:在同一工况下,与0号柴油相比,燃用F-T柴油的燃烧始点较早,燃烧压力峰值较低,压力波动幅值较小;对燃烧压力进行频谱分析可以看出,F-T柴油的燃烧压力波动一阶主频率小于0号柴油的主频率,两种燃料的一阶主频率均随转速的增加而增大,随着负荷的增加有降低的趋势,且负荷对F-T柴油的影响较0号柴油更加显著。从燃烧振动噪声源的角度考虑,燃用F-T柴油有利于降低柴油机的燃烧噪声和缸内燃烧时的爆发冲击载荷。 相似文献