金属再结晶组织模拟及实验对比研究

金属再结晶过程计算机组织模拟,可以仿真实验中观测不到的组织演变细节,得到定量的特征参数,预报退火后的材料性能,指导热处理工艺设计。构建一个新的静态再结晶MC Potts模拟模型,并以1060铝合金为研究对象,进行再结晶模拟与实验对比研究。结果表明,1060铝合金表现出明显的再结晶特征,得到了近似等轴晶组织;新模型模拟的再结晶形核位置、组织形貌与实验结果一致,组织演变过程也与实验结果基本一致,但模拟的再结晶等轴晶与实验近似等轴晶不完全一致,模拟的再结晶速度也低于实验结果。     

旅客运输体系的演变分析

比较分析了中外旅客运输体系的演变过程、一般规律及中外旅客运输体系模式的差别，并对其原因进行了研究。分析表明，影响旅客运输体系演变的基本因素是各种运输方式的技术经济特性和不同时期旅客运输需求及其变化，国情是形成不同国旅客运输体系差别的根本因素。因此在选择旅客运输体系模式时，既要把握世界旅客运输体系演变的一般规律，更要认清本国的国情，从而才能形成合理的旅客运输体系。     

粘液表皮样癌Ag-NORs计数与肥大细胞计数的关系

用Ag—NORs测定肿瘤的增生活性,用甲苯胺蓝染肿瘤间质MC,结果表明,粘液表皮样癌Ag—NORs计数值和MC计数值均高于正常涎腺组,且具统计学意义。在高、中、低不同分化程度的粘液表皮样癌中,随着肿瘤分化程度下降Ag—NORs计数值升高,MC计数值减少,而且高与低分化组之间有显著差异。这一结果提示Ag—NORs计数值可以做为粘液表皮样癌的诊断和生物学行为预报的客观指标之一,并说明在肿瘤发生发展过程中,做为肿瘤间质成份的MC与肿瘤细胞的增生活性之间存在着某种复杂的关系。     

金属再结晶组织模拟及实验对比研究

金属再结晶过程计算机组织模拟,可以仿真实验中观测不到的组织演变细节,得到定量的特征参数,预报退火后的材料性能,指导热处理工艺设计。构建一个新的静态再结晶MC Potts模拟模型,并以1060铝合金为研究对象,进行再结晶模拟与实验对比研究。结果表明,1060铝合金表现出明显的再结晶特征,得到了近似等轴晶组织;新模型模拟的再结晶形核位置、组织形貌与实验结果一致,组织演变过程也与实验结果基本一致,但模拟的再结晶等轴晶与实验近似等轴晶不完全一致,模拟的再结晶速度也低于实验结果。     

基于生长曲线的中国铁路网生命周期判定

运用生长曲线理论对中国铁路网演化（1949–2020 年）的生命周期进行判定,旨在得到铁路网在时空演化中的周期性变化和生长规律.根据调整拟合优度最大隶属原则,将中国铁路网演化曲线逐步融合划分成为4 个生命周期.选择四个典型的生长曲线模型,对每一个生命周期的曲线进行拟合识别,得到中国铁路网演化生命周期遵循Logistic 模型的生长规律和每个生命周期的生长曲线公式及参数.研究表明,中国铁路网演变遵循连续形生长曲线特征,分别为萌芽期（1949–1969 年）,发展期（1970–1988 年）,调整期（1989–1998 年）和繁荣期（1999–2020 年后）,每一个生命周期都遵循着发生、成长到成熟的生长特征.目前中国铁路网处于第四生命周期中的成长期,周期结束时间约为2023 年,里程将达到12.537 万km.相关部门应当根据铁路网演化生命周期的生长规律,在不同生长阶段采取相应的发展策略,指导和促进中国铁路网顺利过渡到下一生命周期.     

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运用生长曲线理论对中国铁路网演化（1949–2020年）的生命周期进行判定,旨在得到铁路网在时空演化中的周期性变化和生长规律.根据调整拟合优度最大隶属原则,将中国铁路网演化曲线逐步融合划分成为4个生命周期.选择四个典型的生长曲线模型,对每一个生命周期的曲线进行拟合识别,得到中国铁路网演化生命周期遵循Logistic模型的生长规律和每个生命周期的生长曲线公式及参数.研究表明,中国铁路网演变遵循连续形生长曲线特征,分别为萌芽期（1949–1969年）,发展期（1970–1988年）,调整期（1989–1998年）和繁荣期（1999–2020年后）,每一个生命周期都遵循着发生、成长到成熟的生长特征.目前中国铁路网处于第四生命周期中的成长期,周期结束时间约为2023年,里程将达到12.537万km.相关部门应当根据铁路网演化生命周期的生长规律,在不同生长阶段采取相应的发展策略,指导和促进中国铁路网顺利过渡到下一生命周期.     

Discussion on the dispersion ＆ agglomeration of aircraft industry

The aircraft industry is crucial to the economy and security of a nation. In this paper, the spatial characteristics and patterns of the aircraft industry are analyzed on different spatial scales. It is found that there is a 'Matthew effect' in the global aircraft industry and the spatial evolution of the industry is consistent with the industrialization process of the whole country. It is also revealed that the spatial evolution of the country is driven by both the centripetal forces including capital, talents, technology and agglomeration economies and the centrifugal forces including the comparative advantage, cost &risk sharing, emerging markets, development policy for less-developed regions and the military imperative. These forces have both market-stabilizing and market-disrupting effects on the spatial evolution of the aircraft industry. The study suggests that lessons drawn from the experiences in the United States and France are expected to be conducive to the rise of China's aircraft industry in the future.     

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分形理论已经成为研究城市形态复杂性的有力工具，相对于较多区域层面的城市体系和交通网络的分形研究而言，单个城市内部交通网络的分形研究较少。本文根据1980、1995和2004年大连市基础地图，运用分形理论，采用长度-半径和分支-半径相结合的方法刻画大连城市交通网络时空演变特征。结果表明：随着城市规模的扩大和城市交通网向郊区的推进，大连城市交通网络分形特征在时空尺度上都越来越明显，主城区内外之间的分维差值亦有所减小，网络连通性大幅提高，但具有明显分形特征的无标度区范围无明显变化。这既与大连独特的地形地貌有关，同时表明在大连组团式城市空间格局转变中，主城区发展已由扩容为主转向改造提升为主的功能置换阶段，以主城区为中心的各组团彼此紧密联系，互动发展。文章在此基础上对照已有研究成果体现了分形理论在大连这类港口城市交通网络应用中的特殊性。     

Customer requirements mapping method based on association rule mining for mass customization

Customer requirements analysis is the key step for product variety design of mass customiza-tion(MC). Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used management technique for understanding thevoice of the customer (VOC), however, QFD depends heavily on human subject judgment during extractingcustomer requirements and determination of the importance weights of customer requirements. QFD pro-cess and related problems are so complicated that it is not easily used. In this paper, based on a generaldata structure of product family, generic bill of material (CBOM), association rules analysis was introducedto construct the classification mechanism between customer requirements and product architecture. The newmethod can map customer requirements to the items of product family architecture respectively, accomplishthe mapping process from customer domain to physical domain directly, and decrease mutual process betweencustomer and designer, improve the product design quality, and thus furthest satisfy customer needs. Finally,an example of customer requirements mapping of the elevator cabin was used to illustrate the proposed method.     

航海院校水陆学生消费行为调查分析及对策探讨

本文根据对全国六所高校4200名水陆学生的问卷调查结果,分析了水陆学生的消费情况,提出了如何加强航海院校学生的个人理财教育与消费引导,对航海院校水陆学生树立正确的消费观和科学的理财观,形成积极向上的消费文化,构建和谐校园具有重要意义.     

超高性能砂浆砌体短柱轴压试验

为改善砌体柱的受力性能,提出了采用新型超高性能砂浆(UHPM)的砌体柱(UMC),以烧结砖和混凝土砖为研究对象,分别进行了2组UMC的轴压试验,通过与传统砂浆砌体柱(MC)进行对比,探讨了UMC轴压受力机理与破坏模式,评估了现行规范关于砌体轴压承载力计算公式对UMC的适用性,提出了UMC轴压承载力预测公式.研究结果表明...     

An Object-Based Fast Motion Estimation Algorithm in MPEG-4

Introduction The MPEG has successfully developed theMPEG-4 standard[1]to address a wide range ofmultimedia data compression applications. As oneof the major parts of MPEG-4 standard, MPEG-4video aims at providing standardized core technolo-gies allowing efficient storage, transmission andmanipulation of video data in multimedia environ-ments[2]. Compared with its predecessor, MPEG-4 em-ploys many new compression techniques[3]. One ofthe main new features of MPEG-4 is its ability tore…     

经熟地鳖甲煎剂含药血清培养的肾系膜细胞对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的研究经熟地鳖甲煎剂含药血清培养的肾小球系膜细胞培养上清液对成骨细胞的影响。方法采用细胞培养的方法,将成骨细胞分为正常血清组、系膜上清组、含药系膜上清组,分别在培养24、48、72、120h后应用MTT法检测各组成骨细胞的增殖情况;在72h后应用ELISA法检测上清液碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和骨桥蛋白(OPN)浓度。结果系膜上清组和含药系膜上清组的成骨细胞增殖显著高于正常血清组(P<0.05),而含药系膜上清组又高于系膜上清组(P<0.05)。系膜上清组和含药系膜上清组的AKP浓度显著高于正常血清组(P<0.05),含药系膜上清组又显著高于系膜上清组(P<0.05)。含药系膜上清组的OPN浓度要显著高于正常血清组(P<0.05)。结论肾系膜细胞可促进成骨细胞的增殖及功能,而熟地鳖甲煎剂能促进这一作用。本研究为中医"肾主骨"理论体系提供了新的实验方法及科学依据。     

Research on Weibo Hotspot Finding Based on Self-Adaptive Incremental Clustering

Weibo,also known as micro-blog,with its extremely low threshold of information release and interactive communication mode,has become the primary source and communication form of Internet hotspots.However,characterized as a kind of short text,the sparsity in semantic features,plus its colloquial and diversified expressions makes clustering analysis more difficult.In order to solve the above problems,we use the Biterm topic model(BTM)to extract features from the corpus and use vector space model(VSM)to strengthen the features to reduce the vector dimension and highlight the main features.Then,an improved Weibo feature-incorporated incremental clustering algorithm and the Weibo buzz calculation formula are proposed to describe the buzz of Weibo,and then the discovery of hotspots can be reasonably made.The experimental results show that the incremental clustering algorithm presented in this paper can effectively improve the accuracy of clustering in different dimensions.Meanwhile,the calculation formula of Weibo buzz reasonably describes the evolution process of Weibo buzz from a qualitative point of view,which can help discover the hotspots effectively.     

Magnetic resonance imaging of atherosclerotic lesion with new devised animal surface coil

The ability of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE MRI) with a new devised animal surface coil was analyzed in identifying atherosclerotic plaques in the rabbit medium-sized iliac artery(IA).Then a comparative analysis of multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) and DCE MRI was done in discerning morphology and components of 80 atherosclerotic plaques identified by histopathology.It shows that the DCE MRI may be an emerging noninvasive and economic way to characterize atherosclerotic plaques at present.What's more, a new devised animal surface coil would further improve the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and the quality of imaging.However, CT angiography(CTA) may be better than MR angiography(MRA) in detecting vessel stenosis.     

非线性随机振动分析的概率密度演化方法

为深入探讨概率密度演化方法对于非线性随机振动分析的适用性,考察了随机地震动作用下一类硬弹簧Duffing振子的非线性响应,对概率密度演化方法与经典非线性随机振动分析进行了比较研究.结果表明:在弱非线性水平,概率密度演化方法与混沌多项式展开、Monte Carlo模拟的解答一致;在强非线性水平,数值求解误差、人为截断误差放大,概率密度演化方法与混沌多项式展开解答在Monte Carlo模拟解附近上下波动,表明概率密度演化方法与经典非线性随机振动解答在均方特征意义上是等价的.      

基于元胞自动机的轨道交通突发客流拥堵消散演化机理研究

为保证城市轨道交通运输系统在突发客流条件下能够安全高效运营，本文基于元胞自动机建立城市轨道交通突发客流拥堵传播模型.分析突发客流量拥堵传播过程，采用状态参数集反映车站拥挤程度的多样化差异，定义更为准确合理的客流量元胞自动机演化规则.以成都市轨道交通部分线网为例，仿真设置不同量值的突发客流，研究线网客流状态的演化规律.结果表明，随着突发客流量增加，客流状态从区域拥堵演化至线拥堵的速度减缓，从线拥堵演化至点拥堵的速度保持不变或略有加快.此外，大量突发客流会引起拥堵消散速度的减缓，造成更大时空范围的区域性拥堵.     

半封闭煤火演化过程的动力学特征

为研究松散煤体自然发火过程中氧气及温度阶段性的演化规律，搭建了半封闭煤火演化实验系统，探究煤体从常温到燃点过程中氧气浓度及温度变化情况，建立松散煤体自燃蔓延过程自然吸氧强度模型，分析自燃过程中氧气分布特征和温度场水平与纵向阶段性移动特征.结果表明：半封闭煤火演化实验系统能够较好地再现煤自燃“自然吸氧”过程，验证了自然吸氧效应为煤体自燃蔓延提供动力；煤体自然发火过程中，温度变化时间滞后于氧气浓度变化时间，其滞后时间差随煤层纵深变化的增加而增加；在水平方向上高温区域迁移趋势主要受煤体内部裂隙与孔隙分布的影响；自然吸氧强度与测点峰值温度随煤体纵深增加而降低，未发生自燃区域的下方氧气浓度大于其上层氧气浓度.研究成果对开采、运输、储存状态下的松散煤体自然发火的防治提供理论基础.     

基于元胞自动机的轨道交通突发客流拥堵消散演化机理研究

为保证城市轨道交通运输系统在突发客流条件下能够安全高效运营，本文基于元胞自动机建立城市轨道交通突发客流拥堵传播模型.分析突发客流量拥堵传播过程，采用状态参数集反映车站拥挤程度的多样化差异，定义更为准确合理的客流量元胞自动机演化规则.以成都市轨道交通部分线网为例，仿真设置不同量值的突发客流，研究线网客流状态的演化规律.结果表明，随着突发客流量增加，客流状态从区域拥堵演化至线拥堵的速度减缓，从线拥堵演化至点拥堵的速度保持不变或略有加快.此外，大量突发客流会引起拥堵消散速度的减缓，造成更大时空范围的区域性拥堵.     

Understanding Spray Coating Process: Visual Observation of Impingement of Multiple Droplets on a Substrate

Spray coating is a facile deposition process with numerous existing and emerging applications. However, spray coating is a stochastic process comprising impingement of many droplets which upon impact on a heated substrate may dry or solidify individually or coalesce first to form a thin liquid film and then dry to yield a thin solid film. There is very limited knowledge on how this process occurs; therefore in this work, high speed imaging is used to visualize the spray coating process. Two model solutions including food-dye with properties like those of water, and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), a polymeric solution, are sprayed onto permeable glossy paper and regular impermeable glass substrates. Substrates are kept at room temperature and 80 °C elevated temperature. In some cases, a vertical ultrasonic vibration is imposed on the substrate to study its effect on the coating process. It is observed that the spray coating process is highly random and stochastic. A higher substrate temperature results in a better coating process in that a more uniform and defect-free coating forms. Imposed vibration in the case of glossy paper substrates results in better droplet spreading and more uniform coating. The results also show that under the conditions of these experiments, impinged droplets dry individually or as islands of multiple coalesced droplets to form a coating. In other words, at used spray flow rate and spray droplet size, a continuous thin liquid film does not form prior to drying even at room temperature. Further systematic studies and high magnification lenses are required to visualize and understand the details of the process.