船体曲线曲面的B样条光顺

根据给定的船体型值点，以三次非均匀B样条为光顺函数，采用整体光顺方法，以应变能最小、曲率变化均匀为准则，以控制点为未知量，建立最优化问题的约束方程并求解，实现船体曲线的光顺。根据曲线的相对曲率线图，将优化后的光顺B样条船体曲线与插值B样条曲线、传统最小二乘法逼近曲线进行了比较。构[循规蹈矩本曲面，以UV方向上的单参数曲线族或站线、水线、纵剖线方向的截面曲线族为研究对象，以曲线族的应变能之和最小为准则，进行光顺处理，最后，以NURBS为统一数学表达式，根据光顺后得到的控制点网络，应用双三次非均匀有理B样条得到光顺的船体曲面。     

基于插补原理的船体复杂曲面加热线布置方法

船体曲面成形技术是船舶加工过程中重要的环节。如何更好更快实现船体复杂曲面加工,一致以来备受国内外学者的关注。本文借鉴插补原理,对传统船体复杂曲面加热线布置进行了优化设计,得到了圆弧形板、s形板、帆形板和马鞍板的加热线。采用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场仿真软件,分析四种加热线下钢板变形情况,并通过实验检验了插补形式下的船体曲面成形效果。结果表明：(1)插补算法得到的船体曲面加热线路程比传统加热线路程节约75%以上。(2)对有限元计算位移进行曲面拟合,得到的预测模型与实际船体曲面基本一致。(3)实验了四种曲面加热线,并将有限元预测位移与实验进行对比,二者误差在6%以内,有限元计算与实验结果基本吻合。该方法降低加工时间,提高加工效率。     

A B-spline method used to calculate added resistance in waves

Making an exact computation of added resistance in sea waves is of high interest due to the economic effects relating to ship design and operation. In this paper, a B-spline based method is developed for computation of added resistance. Based on the potential flow assumption, the velocity potential is computed using Green's formula. The Kochin function is applied to compute added resistance using Maruo's far-field method, the body surface is described by a B-spline curve and potentials and normal derivation of potentials are also described by B-spline basis functions and B-spline derivations. A collocation approach is applied for numerical computation, and integral equations are then evaluated by applying Gauss–Legendre quadrature. Computations are performed for a spheroid and different hull forms; results are validated by a comparison with experimental results. All results obtained with the present method show good agreement with experimental results.     

基于参数曲面表达的帆形船体外板展开方法

本文提出了一种基于参数曲面表达的帆形船体板曲面的平面展开方法.该展开方法以三角网格平面逼近船体曲面和3D网格点摊平后出现开裂角为基础,展开过程可分为三个阶段:定义初始导向单元条,初始展开形状确定和展开形状优化.本文所提出的展开方法符合帆形船体板水火弯板变形特点,可以提供水火弯板成形收缩量,并已在实际的船体板曲面展开中得到验证,计算结果与船厂计算的收缩量数据基本相同.     

基于NURBS的船体曲面重构

面向船舶CAD、静力学计算、CAM和CFD等应用,文章以建立一个具有工程应用价值的船体曲面重构系统为宗旨,采用一种改进的蒙皮法,求解船体曲面造型的NURBS曲线、曲面的反算问题.其中,利用广义站改进了船体曲面的首尾控制网格;利用节点删除优化了相容性处理后的节点数目,为船体曲面的计算机重构提供了一种良好的方案.这对船体曲面面元的自动划分,CAM船体表面板格划分和CFD结构化计算网格的生成有着重要意义.     

计算机辅助复杂船型的自行设计原理和方法

在论述非均匀Ｂ样条基本原理基础上的背压阀提出了一种交互式复杂船型自行设计的方法。该方法既具有Ｂ样条曲线的局部性、保凸性等固有特性，又能方便、迅速地表达船舶线型特征。此外，并提出了一些快速修改曲线的方法。     

消声瓦几何生成的测地线法

利用艇体外形曲面型值点阵,构造双三次准均匀B样条曲面的插值函数,再利用测地线微分方程进行测地线的数值求解,生成艇体曲面上任意点任意方向上一定弧长的测地线,用于绘制艇体曲面上消声瓦敷设后的三维边界曲线。对上述消声瓦三维边界曲线的几何生成方法进行了理论探讨,并利用M ATLAB语言进行了编程计算和图形输出。     

基于小波变换的船体NURBS曲线光顺方法

曲线曲面光顺是CAGD/CAD研究重点,常用光顺方法有选点法和优化法。首先对光顺进行分类定义,提出了数学光顺、物理光顺和功能光顺的概念。其次,由于小波变换的优良特性,针对船舶型线的特点,引入NURBS的K次有理基函数作为小波尺度函数,利用小波变换对船体型线(半宽水线)进行了光顺,实现了曲线的数据压缩和光顺的目的。该方法的有效性和合理性已被实验证明。     

Fourier NUBS method to express ship hull form

This article presents a method of numerical expression to draw ship hull forms. Recent developments in research into ship hull optimization need a method to express ship hull form as precisely as possible with a small number of design parameters. This method is based on a combination of the Fourier–sine series expansion and nonuniform B-spline (NUBS) interpolation. The merit of the combination is that it removes the wiggles which are often found when generating a rectangular-type curve, such as the midship section of tanker ship, with a simple Fourier series expansion. Here, the procedure is explained, and then a tanker ship hull is generated. Through the discussion, we show the effectiveness of the method.     

NURBS曲面与隐式曲面求交的计算机实现及应用

阐述了参数曲面与隐式曲面求交的算法原理，给出计算机实现方法及交点可能的分布示意图，将其应用于基于NURBS的船体曲面与任意平面的求交中，并针对船体曲面的特点指出应用过程中应注意的问题。     

Research on shafting alignment considering ship hull deformations

Ship hull deformation is one of the most significant influences on propulsion shafting alignment. Based on the calculation fundamentals of ship hull deformations, a new method of shafting alignment considering ship hull deformations is proposed in this paper. Ship loadings, wave loads and environment temperature differences in some extreme conditions, as well as elastic constraints, are simulated and applied to the finite element model of 76,000 DWT product oil tanker, so that ship hull deformations can be solved. Then, the deformations of the double bottom are converted to bearing offsets, which behave as boundary constraints for shafting alignment calculations. Taking the condition of light ship in calm water as a reference, the impact of hull deformations on shafting alignment is analyzed and optimized shafting alignment considering ship hull deformations is realized.     

基于HD-SHM8000t货船数学放样中型线光顺的研究

以沪东中华造船有限公司开发的HD-SHM软件为平台,8000 t级江海直达货轮为例,通过HD-SHM的型线系统,完成全船型线生成与光顺,从而得到全船的三向型线文件,再运用系统中得到的三向型线文件最终生成船体曲线.     

船体线型自动光顺机

对目前船体线型光顺三种主要方法进行了比较。从船体线型光顺现状和用户的要求统一起来考虑，提出光顺软件可以在无人频繁干预的情况下全程运行完成光顺，以避免线型光顺软件目前所呈现的无序操作和结果的多变性。在对样条曲线和光顺手段进行线性化处理后，运用确定型有穷自动机（DFA）和图灵机（TM）的数学模型描述方式提出自动光顺机的设想和实现方法－－一个面向放样工操作的船体线型自动光顺软件。     

自由面和岸壁对限制航道中船舶操纵性水动力的影响

本文在二阶抛物面离散后的船体表面单元上布置强度呈线性分布的Rankine源，在离散后的岸壁单元上和用贴体网格法离散船体附近自由面的单元上布置均匀Rankine源，在船体中纵面上布置强度在水深方向呈阶梯变化的附着涡线．计算了考虑自由而影响下船舶平行于岸壁航行时的水动力，还着重讨论了自由面和岸壁对限制航道中船舶水动力的影响．     

基于伪直母线的船体曲面钢板展开方法

水火弯板是船体双曲度外板的主要成形方法,它可以作为外板展开的逆过程来考虑.通过计算外板展开所产生的变形量来确定水火弯板的加工工艺参数.本文提出了一种基于伪直母线的船体曲面钢板展开方法.该方法运用等距曲面的性质分析曲面钢板展开的角变形量计算,通过伪直母线的区域划分算法给出了线变形量的计算.通过实板展开算例表明,该方法是一种同时考虑角变形量和线变形量的准确计算船体曲面钢板展开的有效方法.     

Hydrodynamic optimization of a catamaran hull with large bow and stern bulbs installed on the center plane of the catamaran

Here, a numerical optimization procedure is proposed for a fundamental study of a fast catamaran, and we compare the wave-making characteristics of a catamaran hull form with and without large bow and stern airship-type bulbs installed on the center plane of a catamaran operating at high speed. The method involves coupled ideas from two distinct research fields: numerical ship hydrodynamics and a nonlinear programming technique. The wave-making characteristics of catamaran hulls with and without bulbs were investigated using the panel method applied to free surface flow (PAFS), in which Morinos method for lifting bodies is extended to analyze the problem of free surface flow, and PAFS is linked to the optimization procedure of the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) technique. An optimum hull form for a catamaran can be obtained through a series of iterative computations, subject to some design constraints. Here, only the hull shape of a catamaran is optimized with and without center-plane bow and stern bulbs. The optimization is carried out at two Froude numbers, 0.45 and 0.5, which are around the last hump of the wave-making resistance curve. The numerical results show that a reduction in wave-making resistance is achieved around the design speed.     

动态刚度阵法在船体总振动计算中的应用

采用动态刚度阵法计算船体总振动的固有频率.该方法不但能简化计算模型,而且能获得较高精度的高阶固有频率.首先通过直接求解等直Timoshenko梁单元的运动微分方程,导出考虑剪切变形和转动惯量影响的平面梁单元动态刚度阵的解析表达形式;其次采用Wittrick-Williams算法结合二分法求解特征值;最后采用本方法计算299 500DWT超大型油船船体总振动的固有频率,并分别与一维梁有限元法和三维全船有限元法计算结果以及实测值进行比较,验证了方法的精确性和有效性.     

船体外板加工成型自动检测方法研究

应用水火弯板智能机器人测量加工后的钢板表面数据,采用Ferguson曲面模拟钢板曲面;借助参数样条曲线、空间坐标转换及误差分析理论,分别对加工后的钢板横向和纵向成型,及扭曲进行计算,以判别船体曲面外板成型状态,并提供未成型钢板二次加工所需的补火位置及补火量等信息.算例表明,该方法可对加工后的钢板成型情况作出符合工程要求的判别.     

一种船体外板自动成形检测方法

利用安装在直角坐标机械手上的激光传感器采集船体外板表面各条肋骨一系列离散点的三维坐标,由此逆向回归出整个外板曲面;基于空间坐标转换及误差分析理论,对比理论肋骨型线,分别对加工后外板的横、纵向成形及扭曲进行计算和判别,并作为未成形板材二次加工的控制依据。     

基于NURBS的船体与桥墩间水动干扰力及力矩的非定常计算

本文在一些假设下完成了船体与桥墩之间水动干扰力及力矩的数值计算工作，所采用的方法是基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)的三维Rankine源边界元法，即将船体、桥墩的几何形状以及流场中待求的物理量分布完全表达成NURBS的形式。给出了船体通过圆柱形桥墩时的水动干扰力及力矩的数值计算结果，并进行了一些分析。