共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 636 毫秒
1.
Thomas Spenkuch Stephen R. Turnock Matteo Scarponi R. Ajit Shenoi 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2011,16(2):115-128
An approach for enhancing the realism of yacht fleet race simulations based on a lifting line method is developed. The wake
of an upwind sailing yacht is represented as a single heeled horseshoe vortex and image system. At each time step, changes
in vortex strength are convected into the wake as a pair of vortex line elements. These subsequently move in accordance with
the local wind, the self-induced velocity and the velocity induced by the presence of the wakes of other yachts. In addition,
the lifting line model has a model for the viscous wake due to the drag associated with the yacht and its sails superimposed
on it. A synthesis of sail yacht wake representations based on detailed 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational fluid
dynamics calculations with wind tunnel test results is used to capture the initial strength of the combined main-jib vortex
system and its vertical height. The implementation of the lifting line algorithm within Robo-Race, a real-time yacht race strategy analysis tool, is described. Two upwind race interaction case studies are presented, and
these show that the newly implemented wake model makes an important contribution to enhancing the realism of the sailing simulation. 相似文献
2.
Toshifumi Fujiwara Grant E. Hearn Fumitoshi Kitamura Michio Ueno Yoshimasa Minami 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2005,10(3):131-146
The steady sailing performance of a sail-assisted bulk carrier is investigated utilising towing-tank derived hydrodynamic derivatives and wind tunnel measured aerodynamic properties of the sails and the ship. The aerodynamic characteristics investigated include the ship hull at the fully-loaded draught, the sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of identical sails in the presence of the selected bulk carrier hull-form. This is in addition to lift–drag measurements of single isolated sails of each shape. The form of the two sets of soft sails was rectangular and triangular. This paper is concerned with assessing the benefits of a sail-assisted ship operation, and hence a steady-state rather than complete time-domain integrations of the governing equations are reported. The results of the completed analysis suggest that the benefits of the derived sail generated driving force are greater than the overhead of equipping the ship with a selected system of hybrid-sails. Sail-assisted ships could represent an important contribution to an improving global environment by reducing the demands for a driving force through the propeller. 相似文献
3.
Yutaka Masuyama Yusuke Tahara Toichi Fukasawa Naotoshi Maeda 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2009,14(2):137-160
A database of full-scale three-dimensional sail shapes is presented with the aerodynamic coefficients for the upwind condition
of International Measurement System (IMS) type sails. Three-dimensional shape data are used for the input of numerical calculations
and the results are compared with the measured sail performance. The sail shapes and performance were measured using sail
dynamometer boat Fujin. This is a boat of 10.3-m length overall in which load cells and CCD cameras were installed to simultaneously measure the
sail forces and shapes. At the same time, the sailing conditions of the boat, e.g., boat speed, heel angle, wind speed, and
wind angle, were measured. The sail configurations tested were: mainsail with 130% jib, mainsail with 75% jib, and mainsail
alone. Sail shapes were measured at several vertical positions for the shape parameters defined by: chord length, maximum
draft, maximum draft position, entry angle at the luff, and exit angle at the leech, all of which finally yield three-dimensional
coordinates of the sail geometry. The tabulated shape data, along with aerodynamic coefficients, are presented in this article.
In addition, numerical flow simulations were performed for the measured sail shapes and the sailing conditions to investigate
the capability and limitations of the methods through detailed comparison with the measurements. Two numerical methods were
used: a vortex lattice method (VLM) and a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics method.
The sail shape database, in association with the numerical results, provides a good benchmark for the sail performance analysis
of the upwind condition of IMS type sails. 相似文献
4.
5.
A finite-volume method was applied to a simulation of the flow about the sail system of IACC sailing boats. The interface
boundary technique was employed to generate a proper grid system for the two-sails system, which is composed of head and main
sails. The turbulence model was carefully chosen by numerical test, and the most reliable simulation method was completed
and used to design the sails. The suitability of the method is demonstrated by some examples of design applications.
Received for publication on March 14, 2000; accepted on March 16, 2000 相似文献
6.
Toshifumi Fujiwara Grant E. Hearn Fumitoshi Kitamura Michio Ueno 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2005,10(2):82-95
In a previously reported study, wind tunnel experiments were undertaken to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of hybrid-sails in isolation. Such sails are seen as providing a worthwhile reduction in the delivered power to the propeller and hence the engine generated thrust, with a corresponding reduction in the CO2 production of diesel engine exhaust. In this paper, wind tunnel testing is used to investigate sail–sail interaction effects for two sets of four identical hybrid-sails, and the sail–hull interaction effects for the same two sets of four identical sails in the presence of a bulk carrier hullform. The analysis presented suggests that to build a sail-assisted ship requires an appreciation of the sail–sail and sail–hull interaction effects. 相似文献
7.
Hidetaka Senga Naomi Kato Hiroyoshi Suzuki Tatsuya Akamatsu Lubin Yu Muneo Yoshie Toshinari Tanaka 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2014,19(1):90-102
It is important to forecast the location of oil spills to realize effective and adequate oil spill response operations when huge oil spilsl occur. In order to enhance the accuracy of oil drifting simulations, one needs to obtain the meteorological and oceanographic data around the oil slick. In general, the drifting velocity vector of an oil spill contains a wind velocity vector and a water current velocity vector. SOTAB-II was developed for autonomous tracking of oil slicks drifting on the sea surface. It is equipped with a sail whose size and direction are controllable to drift along with the oil slick autonomously. In addition, SOTAB-II transmits its location and necessary measured data around it to the land base in real-time. The results of field experiments using SOTAB-II with a cylindrical hull brought us the effectiveness of the sail and its control. However, the drifting speed of SOTAB-II was lower than a theoretical speed for the oil slick. In order to overcome this problem, SOTAB-II was redesigned. A yacht shape was adopted to reduce the hydrodynamic drag in the water in the advancing direction. Transverse stability, scales of brake board and sail, maneuverability, and performance of tracking spilled oil on the sea surface were considered in the process of the design. 相似文献
8.
9.
绕船体自由面周围三维粘性流场的数值模拟 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文采用有限体积法通过求解不可压缩的雷诺平均(RANS)方程数值模拟了包括兴波的三维船体周围的粘性流场,湍流模式使用了子网格尺度模式(SGS)和Baldwin-Lomax模式相结合的混合模式.对于自由表面的处理,采用了任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法,网格为不仅与物体表面贴体,而且与自由表面贴体的动网格,即随着自由表面的变化要不断地重新划分网格.虽然此方法需要很长的计算时间,但能较好地描述船体的兴波情况.本文计算了系列60船模在Fn=0.316,Re=1.9×106时带自由面的粘性流场,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.,An finite - volume method solving of incompressible RANS Equations is developed for the numeri-cal simulation of three - dimensional viscous flow with free - surface about a ship. A hybrid turbulence mod-el by combining the sub - grid scale (SGS) model and the Baldwin- Lomax model is used in this pa-per. The arbitrary - Lagrange - Euler formulation is devised for the treatment of free surface boundary condi-tion. The boundary - fitted coordinate system is fitted not only to the ship hull surface but also to the freesurface, so the computational grid is regenerated to follow the free surface deformation. Although this methodneeds spend much longer computational time, but it can fairly display wave pattern made by a ship. The nu-merical simulation has been carried out for viscous flow with free surface past Series 60 ship hull at Fn =0. 316, Re = 1.9 × 106. The computed results are in reasonable agreement with experimental measure-ments. 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
Goutam Kumar Saha Kazuo Suzuki Hisashi Kai 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2005,10(1):32-40
Here, a numerical optimization procedure is proposed for a fundamental study of a fast catamaran, and we compare the wave-making characteristics of a catamaran hull form with and without large bow and stern airship-type bulbs installed on the center plane of a catamaran operating at high speed. The method involves coupled ideas from two distinct research fields: numerical ship hydrodynamics and a nonlinear programming technique. The wave-making characteristics of catamaran hulls with and without bulbs were investigated using the panel method applied to free surface flow (PAFS), in which Morinos method for lifting bodies is extended to analyze the problem of free surface flow, and PAFS is linked to the optimization procedure of the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) technique. An optimum hull form for a catamaran can be obtained through a series of iterative computations, subject to some design constraints. Here, only the hull shape of a catamaran is optimized with and without center-plane bow and stern bulbs. The optimization is carried out at two Froude numbers, 0.45 and 0.5, which are around the last hump of the wave-making resistance curve. The numerical results show that a reduction in wave-making resistance is achieved around the design speed. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
潜艇作为一种水下航行器,其近水面运动时产生的绕流场远比无界直航运动时要复杂得多,其近水面航行时对自由液面的影响不容忽视。本文采用粘性流体力学计算方法,对SUBOFF潜艇近水面航行时的粘性绕流场进行模拟,对自由液面的兴波进行计算,并对波形特点进行深入分析。通过本文的研究,得到潜艇近水面航行时自由液面兴波的特点和相关规律。 相似文献
16.
17.
Based on a volume of fluid two-phase model imbedded in the general computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT6.3.26, the viscous flow with free surface around a model-scaled KRISO container ship (KCS) was first numerically simulated. Then with a rigid-lid-free-surface method, the underwater flow field was computed based on the mixture multiphase model to simulate the bubbly wake around the KCS hull. The realizable k-ε two-equation turbulence model and Reynolds stress model were used to analyze the effects of turbulence model on the ship bubbly wake. The air entrainment model, which is relative to the normal velocity gradient of the free surface, and the solving method were verified by the qualitatively reasonable computed results. 相似文献
18.
This paper presents the numerical analysis of rudder cavitation in propeller slipstream and the development of a new rudder
system aimed for lift augmentation and cavitation suppression. The new rudder system is equipped with cam devices which effectively
close the gap between the horn/pintle and movable wing parts. A computational fluid dynamics code that solves the Reynolds-averaged
Navier–Stokes equations is used to analyze the flow field of various rudder systems in propeller slipstream. The body force
momentum source terms that mimic flow field behind a rotating propeller are added in the momentum equations to represent the
influence of the propeller and its slipstream. For detailed explication of the new rudder system’s lift augmentation and cavitation
suppression mechanism, three-dimensional flow analysis is carried out. Simulations clearly display the mechanism of the lift
augmentation and cavitation suppression. The computational results suggest that the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes-based
computational fluid dynamics reproduces the flow field around a rudder in propeller slipstream and that the present concept
for a cavitation suppressing rudder system is highly feasible and warrant further study for inclusion of the interaction with
hull and mechanical design for manufacturing and operations. 相似文献
19.
20.
This paper deals with numerical techniques for computing the viscous flow past a ship hull with and without a free surface
using a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver with global conservation. In the first technique, a coarse grid is used to
find an approximate solution to the free surface problem. Interpolation of a fine grid is subsequently carried out, and a
more exact solution, particularly in the boundary layer and wake, is obtained. In the second technique, a modified Baldwin-Lomax
model is introduced to compute the viscous flow with and without a free surface. These numerical techniques are applied to
simulations of the flow around a Series 60 and an SR196C ship model. The results are compared with measurement data, and the
usefulness of the numerical techniques is demonstrated. 相似文献