模糊神经网络在船舶火灾报警系统中的应用

提出了一种利用神经网络和模糊系统理论设计船舶火灾报警系统的方法。该系统 模糊推理能力哟、神经网络学习能力强的特点,将模糊系统和神经网络结合起来,实现模糊系统设计的自动调整。利用感温式知因式传感器对火灾发生时温度和烟雾两个主要参量进行智能监测委 解决了报警灵敏度和误报率之间的矛盾。     

舰船主体结构流体冲击响应主动控制方法和分析

本文以探索性的方式提出了一种有效降低高速舰船主体结构流体冲击瞬态响应的主动最优控制方法,讨论了最优控制原理、观测器和作动器的设计,建立了一套舰船主体结构流体冲击瞬态响应控制仿真系统。通过对一艘实船的仿真分析给出了一些有理论和实际意义的结论。     

基于参数化CAD模型的船型阻力/耐波性一体化设计

在舰船概念设计阶段,往往需要快速生成阻力和耐波性能兼优的船型。采用基于母型船的船型融合生成方法,实现了参数化船型自动生成。在此基础上,采用iSight优化平台,将参数化船型生成技术与阻力、耐波性计算模型集成,运用多学科设计优化技术实现了船型阻力/耐波性性能一体化设计。优化方法采用多目标遗传算法以获取Pareto前沿。以一艘46 000 DWT油船的型线优化为算例对这个过程进行了具体说明,试验结果表明总阻力降低了3%,验证了这种方法的可行性。     

水下爆炸气泡作用下船体总纵强度估算方法

水下爆炸中的气泡脉动载荷会造成舰船的鞭状运动,对其总纵强度产生很大威胁,是战争中造成船体总体毁伤与丧失生命力的主要原因之一。基于势流理论,推导并建立船体梁气泡弯矩的理论与计算方法,同时综合考虑气泡弯矩、船体静水弯矩、波浪弯矩及砰击弯矩等其他影响因素,建立一套完整的气泡作用下船体梁总纵强度估算方法。通过算例,校核典型工况下多种弯矩同时作用时船体梁的总纵强度。计算结果表明,气泡脉动载荷产生的总纵弯矩具有周期性鞭振特性,且数值大于其他弯矩。在评估舰船总纵强度与生命力时,应充分考虑气泡脉动载荷的影响。     

水面舰船声隐身性能影响作战效能的因素初探

为了明确水面舰船声隐身性能对作战效能的影响因素,分析了水面舰船面临的水声威胁和声隐身设计特点,给出了水面舰船水声对抗效能初步估算方法,明确了水面舰船声隐身设计的工作方向,并为声隐身作战效能评估体系的构建奠定了基础。     

一种低功耗水下定位声纳信标的电路设计

文章主要介绍一种低功耗、体积小,重量轻的水下定位声纳信标的电路设计。该电路用于对失事船只或飞机进行定位,信标一旦沉入水中,整个电路自动开始工作,周期性的发射预先设定的声信号,便于检测装置寻找失事目标。     

Collapase analysis of ship hulls

This paper presents an efficient finite element procedure for the collapse analysis of ship hulls under complicated loads. A set of finite elements, such as beam-column elements, stiffened plate elements, and shear panel elements are developed, directly accounting for the geometrical and material non-linearities and initial imperfections.

Elastic-plastic stiffness matrices for elements have been derived by combining elastic large displacement analysis theories with a plastic hinge model. The buckling and post-buckling behaviour of plates is included using an effective width concept. The procedure is effective, since few mode-points are necessary and numerical integration for evaluating stiffness matrices is avoided. Fracture mechanics criteria are introduced in order to account for tension tearing rupture and brittle failure of the material.

Practical applications to ultimate longitudinal strength analysis of ship hulls and tanker collision analysis are presented. The procedure can also be used for collapse analysis of offshore and onshore structures.     

破损船体剩余强度衡准研究

本文研究了船体破损非对称淹水和刚度损失引起的船体外载荷变化,并利用破损船体非对称弯曲极限强度计算方法详细分析碰撞、搁浅和爆炸破损对船体极限强度的影响.然后基于破损船体极值载荷和极限强度,给出破损船体剩余强度衡准,并对破损船体临界海况进行预报.     

Characteristics of wireless sensor network for full-scale ship application

In this study, basic experiments regarding the wireless sensor network were conducted on a 3,000-ton-class training ship as the first step in applying the ubiquitous technology to a real ship. Various application fields of the technology in terms of the provision of safety and convenience on a ship were identified through these experiments. To efficiently adopt the ubiquitous technology for ship application, it is necessary to identify the state-of-the-art ubiquitous technology and to prepare countermeasures against the harsh environment of a ship. The characteristics of the wireless sensor network were investigated on a test bed ashore as well as on a real ship before full-scale ship application. In particular, experimental results concerning communication depth, data transmission ratio, and battery consumption in a sensor node are described in detail.     

对一个计算船体失效概率公式的讨论

本文讨论了文献[1]给出的计算船体失效概率公式在原理及数值结果方面存在的问题，进而导得了相应的正确表达式。该式可用于分析各个海况对船体安全性的影响，为船体可靠性长期分析，提供了一个有效途径。     

Numerical study of ice-induced loads on ship hulls

A numerical model is introduced in this paper to investigate both global and local ice loads on ship hulls. This model is partly based on empirical data, by which the observed phenomena of continuous icebreaking can be well reproduced. In the simulation of a full-scale icebreaking trial, the interdependence between the ice load and the ship’s motion is considered, and the three degree-of-freedom rigid body equations of surge, sway and yaw are solved by numerical integration. The variations in the level ice thickness and in the strength properties of ice can also be taken into account. The simulated ice loads on ship hulls are discussed through two case studies, in which the ship’s performance, the statistics of ice-induced frame loads, and the spatial distribution of ice loads around the hull are analyzed and compared with field measurements. As far as we know the present paper is the first to integrate all the features above. It is hoped that further studies on this numerical model can supplement the field and laboratory measurements in establishing a design basis for the ice-going ships especially for ships navigating in the first-year ice.     

Onboard monitoring of fatigue damage rates in the hull girder

Most new advanced ships have extensive data collection systems to be used for continuous monitoring of engine and hull performance, for voyage performance evaluation etc. Such systems could be expanded to include also procedures for stress monitoring and for decision support, where the most critical wave-induced ship extreme responses and fatigue damage accumulation can be estimated for hypothetical changes in ship course and speed in the automatically estimated wave environment.The aim of this paper is to outline a calculation procedure for fatigue damage rate prediction in hull girders taking into account whipping stresses. It is conceptually shown how such a method, which integrates onboard estimation of sea states, can be used to deduce decision support with respect to the accumulated fatigue damage in the hull girder.The paper firstly presents a set of measured full-scale wave-induced stress ranges in a container ship, where the associated fatigue damage rates calculated from a combination of the rain-flow counting method and the Palmgren-Miner damage rule are compared with damage predictions obtained from a computationally much faster frequency fatigue analysis using a spectral method. This analysis verifies the applied multi-modal spectral analysis procedure for fatigue estimation for cases where hull girder flexibility plays a role.To obtain an automated prediction method for the fatigue damage rates it is in the second part of the paper shown how a combination of the full-scale onboard acceleration and stress measurements can be used to calculate sea state parameters. These calculated environmental data are verified by a comparison to hindcast data.In the third part of the paper the full-scale fatigue stress ranges are compared to results from an analytical design oriented calculation procedure for flexible ship hulls in short-term estimated sea states.Altogether, it is conceptually shown that by a combination of the onboard estimated sea state parameters with the described analytical fatigue damage prediction procedure a method can be established for real-time onboard decision support which includes estimates of fatigue damage rates.     

微机网络型全自动电站监控系统的结构及其控制原理

本文介绍一种舰船用微机网络型全自动电站监控系统的自动控制原理及方法,该系统实现了不同种类电源供电自动联锁;船电和岸电不断电自动切换;有故障机组或过载时,备用机组自动投入和报警;轻载时,备用机组自动停机;同时还可在配电控制室遥控机组自动起动投入或自动解列停机;另外,还实现了各机组热工参数越限声光报警及大负荷设备起动询问联锁功能;最后,依据系统的结构特点,说明系统是如何采取措施提高其可靠性。     

破损船体极限强度非线性有限元分析

本文基于通用有限元系统,结合船体破损机理和初始缺陷处理方法,建立船体极限强度非线性有限元分析的完整框架.利用对水面舰船和双壳油船极限强度模型试验的比较验证,合理解决非线性有限元分析的关键技术,并对完整和破损船体极限强度进行非线性有限元法分析.然后,在模型试验和非线性有限元分析的基础上提出面向设计的适合破损船体和双向弯曲状态的船体极限强度分析的改进解析方法.     

单矢量传感器目标定向原理

声矢量传感器可以同时获取声波场的声压和振速信息.因振速是一个矢量,因而单个矢量传感器就能够提供声场的方位信息,为小尺度声传感器的设计提供了可能.论文首先对单矢量传感器目标定向的原理进行了研究,在单频信号处理的基础上扩展到实际中的宽带随机信号的处理,并进行了仿真分析研究.     

高速三体船结构设计

针对三体船的船型特点,进行了全船范围的结构设计,确定了关键部位的布局形式和结构尺寸以及主体和片体的连接形式。采用计算法设计了三体船的典型剖面结构,并采用规范校核验证了结构的合理性,最终形成了一套比较完整的三体船设计方案和结构评估方法。     

三体船型PCC风荷载的实验性研究(英文)

In recent years, demands for car transportation by a ship have been increasing with favorable economic conditions in auto sector, and the need of a pure car carrier (PCC) has grown quickly. A PCC needs huge parking space but smaller displacement since a car is comparatively light for its volume. As a result, almost all PCCs have wide breadth, shallow draft and huge structure above the water surface. These features cause some technical issues of a PCC, like lack of stability, effect of strong winds on its resistance, difficulty of course keeping in rough seas, difficulty of berthing in strong winds, and so on. To overcome these technical issues, one of the authors has proposed a new concept for a PCC. This is a trimaran PCC which has very limited transverse bulkheads in the center hull by using two side hulls as fenders. In the present research, wind forces acting on a scale model of the trimaran PCC were measured in the towing tank with a wind generator at Osaka Prefecture University. Furthermore, in order to clarify the characteristics of wind pressure on the trimaran, height and width of tunnels which are between a main hull and side hulls were changed. And then, in order to imitate a real ship, we used wind reduction technology of corner-cut design for accommodation house of the ship. Moreover, the wind pressure acting on the trimaran was compared with that on a mono-hull PCC. Using these experimental and theoretical results, an estimation method of wind pressure acting on the trimaran PCC is deduced.     

网络数据融合技术在MITS中的应用研究

探讨了基于传感器网络的数据融合技术在海事智能交通系统(MITS)中的应用问题,为该领域的进一步研究提供一些有价值的思路和见解。基于目前研究遇到的困境,提出将MITS抽象成一个无线传感器网络(WSN),从而可在WSN环境下引入数据融合技术来研究海事智能交通系统中的各种信息处理问题,如船舶的定位与导航以及避碰等;紧接着,总结了现有定位、导航、避碰和船舶安全管理技术研究的现状并分析了存在的主要问题;针对基于GPS的MITS存在的种种弊端,结合各国卫星定位导航系统的建设现状,提出利用MITS内其它元素的信息和多源信息融合技术来实现船舶的相对定位和导航这一新思路;最后,从网络数据融合技术角度出发,具体指出了MITS网络融合系统构建时所必须考虑的一些基本问题,并给出该融合系统的一般性框架。     

客船自动应急抗倾覆装置研究

针对客轮倾覆事件,以船舶原理、力学等学科知识为理论基础,采用姿态传感器、气囊及其发生装置等部件设计一种客船抗倾覆应急安全气囊装置。该气囊装置能在船舶发生倾斜、严重撞击等恶劣情况下,及时启动并提供抗倾力矩,减缓或阻止船体的倾覆。本文详细阐述了该装置的组成、作用、工作原理及自动控制系统。该装置属船舶特种辅助机械,当船舶出现倾覆危险时,它能自动迅速地投入工作,在紧急情况下保证船舶安全,使船舶具有抗倾覆性。该装置具有结构简单、灵敏度高、安装使用方便、气囊叠放不占舱容和不影响适航性等特点。     

双桨船Lucy Ashton轴系附体阻力的尺度效应

本文对Lucy Ashton带附体美人架和轴包架的几何相似船模试验结果重加分析。分别将带附体的和相应裸体的船模阻力试验结果绘成以C_r为纵坐标对C_F为横坐标的Froude数等值线。假定: C_r=(1 k)C_F C_W可发现全部Froude数等值线都是直线。可见三因次外插法可推广应用于带轴系附体的船模。 带轴系附体船模与相应裸体船模的1 k之差,乘以足足C_F后,可认为是轴系附体的粘性阻力系数。带轴系附体船模与相应裸体船模的C_w之差可认为是轴系附体的兴波阻力系数。以上粘性阻力系数和兴波阻力系数之和可认为是足尺轴系附体的总阻力系数。 由此三因次外插法计得的足尺轴系附体总阻力系数与由实船试验测得者间的最大误差可发现小于10％。假定船的附体阻力为裸船体阻力的10％,则最大误差小于裸船体阻力的1％。可见应用三因次外插法预估轴系附体阻力可给出十分满意的结果。