共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 368 毫秒
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文章采用直接数值模拟方法,对具有确定空间分布的展向Lorentz力作用下槽道湍流的壁面减阻效果和减阻机理进行了研究,讨论了电磁力强度A和流向波数kx对湍流流场的展向速度、条带、流向涡、Reynolds应力分布和壁面减阻率的影响.结果表明,湍流固有流场和电磁力诱导流场之间相互调制,存在最优参数A、kx,使得诱导流场主宰壁面边界层,减阻效果最好. 相似文献
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传统的平头方尾型运输船舶具有载重大、吃水浅的优点,但航行阻力大,航速低。本文针对该船型开展了开槽减阻的研究,通过在船底开设纵向槽道对艏部高压区进行引流减阻,来实现该船型高航速运输的要求。船体流场及阻力采用RANS方法进行数值模拟,并计及航行姿态的变化。通过改变槽道长度、宽度以及槽道顶板的形状,研究了减阻效果与槽道几何尺度的关系。针对某型船船的研究表明,船底槽道的引流量是影响减阻效果的主要因素,当采用纵向贯穿的槽道,且槽道顶板的折角点设在船中时,可使原船30节时的减阻率达到24%以上。 相似文献
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沟槽面减阻效果影响因素及减阻机理的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用雷诺平均N-S方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型计算V型沟槽面的湍流边界层流动和粘性阻力,研究了沟槽尖峰形状和雷诺数对减阻效果的影响规律,初步分析了沟槽面减阻机理.指出:沟槽尖峰处的圆角半径越小其减阻效果越好,沟槽斜面中下部的壁面应力随着圆角半径的减小而降低,但尖峰处的局部壁面应力会随之增大;来流速度对沟槽减阻率的影响很大,对于一种尺度的V型沟槽,存在着一个具有较好减阻效果的来流速度范围,而沟槽面在沿来流方向上的布置位置对减阻效果的影响非常小;沟槽尺度对减阻效果很剧烈;沟槽尖峰处生成的二次涡是产生减阻效果的根本原因,二次涡的强弱与沟槽减阻率的大小紧密相关. 相似文献
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以大涡模拟和mixture两相流模型计算微气泡对湍流边界层的影响,以达到减小湍流边界层阻力的目的.数值模拟中,在同一水流速度和不同气泡喷射速度下,阻力随着气泡的喷射速度的增加而得到很大的减小,但当气泡量达到饱和时,减阻效果下降.数值模拟结果表明,在湍流边界层中注入微气泡是一种有效的减阻方式. 相似文献
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水下微结构功能表面设计及减阻特性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究表明,当物体表面存在微结构时,可以减小阻力,降低能源消耗。本文设计M形和V形两种微结构,使用SST k-ω湍流模型,分析微结构的减阻机理及影响微结构减阻的因素。将V形微结构应用于水下航行器模型,探讨湍流状态下外流域的减阻率和流场变化。结果表明微结构能够减缓湍流猝发过程,降低湍流猝发强度,改善边界层的流态;当微结构夹角为60o、高度小于0.04mm时具有较好减阻作用;V形微结构在水下航行器模型中的减阻率达到1.77%,且减阻率随布置面积增加而增大。 相似文献
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Madan Mohan Guin Hiroharu Kato Hajime Yamaguchi Masatsugu Maeda Masaru Miyanaga 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1996,1(5):241-254
Determination of the flow structure near the wall is essential for a clear insight into the phenomenon of skin friction reduction
by microbubbles in a turbulent boundary layer. An important parameter, is the bubble concentration or void fraction in the
wall region in drag-reducing conditions. The purpose of this paper is to show drag-reducing effects due to microbubbles in
a water channel and, more importantly, to show the dependence of the drag-reduction values on the near-wall void fraction.
A two-dimensional channel with an aspect ratio of 10 was specially built for this purpose with provisions for air injection
through porous plates. Skin friction was directly measured by a miniature floating element transducer with a 5-mm circular
sensing disk mounted flush on the top wall 67 channel-heights downstream of the injector. The wall friction in the presence
of air bubbles was found to be reduced under the same bulk velocity when compared with the value without air. Detailed void
fraction profiles across the channel were obtained by a sampling probe and a fiber-optic probe. Better collapse of the drag
reduction data, independent of different profile shapes, was found when plotted against the near-wall void fraction than against
a cross-sectional mean void fraction. While this dependence reconfirms that the phenomena are essentially inner-region dependent,
the lack of influence of the bubble distribution patterns away from the wall implies lack of outer region influence. 相似文献
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Takafumi Kawamura 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2000,5(3):112-122
Direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent shear flow beneath a flat water surface with
imposed wind shear stress are presented. The results of DNS indicate that there are clear differences, and also similarities,
between wind-driven flow and the flow near a solid wall. The qualitative structures of turbulence are similar in both types
of flow. Low-speed streaks are also present in wind-driven flow. On the other hand, profiles of the mean velocity and turbulence
intensities in wind-driven flow are significantly different from those in flow near a solid wall. The differences are attributed
to the lack of a viscous sublayer, and to the boundary condition which allows fluctuations of the tangential velocity components
at the boundary. LES of the same flow was also carried out to evaluate subgrid-scale models. It was shown that the features
of the flow observed in DNS are well simulated by all models tested, and that the discrepancies between DNS and LES with the
dynamic mixed model are very small.
Received: August 17, 2000 / Accepted: December 22, 2000 相似文献
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考虑张力腿平台立柱和浮箱之间的相互影响,通过分离涡模拟法(DES)对均匀流下张力腿平台主体三维水动力流特性进行了研究,讨论了张力腿平台阻力系数、升力系数及其频谱、压力系数和尾涡等特性。研究表明:阻力系数和升力系数时历曲线变化具有一定的周期性和“脉动性”;下游立柱受到上游立柱尾涡作用,导致下游立柱阻力系数较上游立柱阻力系数略大;下游立柱升力系数幅值较上游立柱升力系数幅值大,下游立柱泄涡具有明显的周期性特点;升力系数时历变化呈现紊乱,频谱图中谱峰个数越多且带宽越大。立柱表面压力系数呈现出“W”型且张力腿平台主体周围具有不同垂向流态形式,稳定脱落周期下通过压力系数最大值判断撞击点等特殊位置,压力系数最小值判断尾涡所附位置;尾涡具有高度各向相异性,不同来流方向下张力腿平台主体尾后出现不同尾涡结构和流形态。 相似文献
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Hyun Park Nam Hyun An Nicholas Hutchins Kwing-So Choi Ho Hwan Chun Inwon Lee 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2011,16(4):390-401
An experimental assessment has been made of the drag reducing efficiency of the outer-layer vertical blades, which were first
devised by Hutchins and Choi (Proceedings of ASME FEDSM’02 2002 ASME Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting, Montreal)
and Hutchins (An investigation of larger-scale coherent structures in fully developed turbulent boundary layers, Hutchins
N (2003), PhD thesis, University of Nottingham). The reported drag reduction efficiency, which was as much as 30%, was quantified
only in terms of the reduction in the local skin-friction coefficient. The assessment of the drag reducing efficiency did
not take the side effects of the inclusion of the blades into considerations. Those effects are the increase in the wetted
surface area and the flow disturbances due to the presence of the blades. In the present study, a series of drag force measurements
in towing tank has been performed toward the assessments of the total drag reduction efficiency of the outer-layer vertical
blades. It was found that for the case of h 4.0 × z 4.0 (h/δ = 1.04), the outer-layer vertical blades array achieved about 9.6% drag reduction without considering the increase in the
wetted surface area. A proper scaling method to give collapsed plot of drag reduction efficiency C
F/C
F0 was attempted, but the correlation remained limited. Of the two scaling methods, the outer scaling is found to be relevant
one. 相似文献
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Numerical tests of various subgrid-scale (SGS) models were conducted for turbulence in thermally stratified homogeneous-shear
flow at a relatively low Reynolds number. Compared with a direct numerical simulation (DNS), we found that nondynamic isotropic
SGS models are not able to represent the energy spectrum very well because the energy decays considerably during the transition
between an initial random stage and a stage of coherent turbulent structures. Dynamic models performed well for simulating
the energy spectrum and the change of GS properties with time; anisotropy is not a necessary feature under the present simulation
conditions, although one of the special features of stratified turbulence is anisotropy. This may be because the present grids
for large-eddy simulation were fine enough to resolve the patches of counter-gradient heat fluxes, which play an important
role in the evolution of turbulent energy in stratified turbulence. With respect to the domain-averaged values of SGS stresses,
only the dynamic two-parameter mixed (DTM) model produced results of the same order of magnitude as those of filtered DNS.
This is because of the terms arising from re-decomposing of the SGS stresses in the DTM model. It was also found that this
incompetence in simulating the SGS stress is not necessary to simulate GS energy evolution, as is known for wall turbulence.
Updated from the Japanese original (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001; 190:27–39) 相似文献
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Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%. 相似文献