共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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水下航行体通气超空泡减阻特性实验研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
为了研究超空泡的减阻效果,保证在较低流速下生成超空泡,在水洞中开展了水下航行体通气超空泡的实验研究.采用通气的方法在较低水速下生成人工通气超空泡,通过改变通气率和弗劳德数,获得了不同条件下通气空泡的长度,以及不同空泡长度下的模型阻力系数.研究表明,来流速度不变时,空泡长度随通气率的增加而增加,阻力系数随空泡长度的增加先递增后递减;空化器直径对阻力系数的影响较大,在大弗劳德数条件下,阻力系数会因空化器直径过大而出现随通气量的增加而变大的趋势.利用商用软件对超空泡形态及阻力系数作了数值仿真,并与实验结果作了对比,两者符合较好. 相似文献
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水下航行体通气超空泡的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了研究超空泡的减阻效果,保证在较低流速下生成超空泡,在水洞中开展了水下航行体通气超空泡的实验研究.采用通气的方法在较低水速下(V=7-15 m/s)生成人工通气超空泡,通过改变通气率和弗洛德数,获得了不同条件下通气空泡的长度,给出了通气空泡长度与通气率及弗洛德数的经验公式.研究表明,来流速度不变时,空泡长度随通气率的增加而增加,空泡长度一定时,通气率随弗洛德数的增加而减少;重力场造成了空泡形态的严重不对称,通过比较相同空化数下自然空泡与通气空泡的长度,定量地给出了弗洛德数对通气空泡长度的影响.当Fr=43.74时,重力场对通气空泡长度的影响几乎可以忽略. 相似文献
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以大涡模拟和mixture两相流模型计算微气泡对湍流边界层的影响,以达到减小湍流边界层阻力的目的.数值模拟中,在同一水流速度和不同气泡喷射速度下,阻力随着气泡的喷射速度的增加而得到很大的减小,但当气泡量达到饱和时,减阻效果下降.数值模拟结果表明,在湍流边界层中注入微气泡是一种有效的减阻方式. 相似文献
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基于OpenFOAM的平板微气泡减阻数值分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《船舶力学》2020,(8)
本文基于OpenFOAM两相欧拉求解器(twoPhaseEulerFoam)对二维平板进行微气泡减阻数值模拟。模型直接求解两相N-S方程,同时采用标准k-ε湍流模型,并考虑两相间作用力的影响,通过求解界面输运方程来模拟气泡的聚并和破碎。将数值结果和Madavan[1]试验结果进行对比,验证了模型的可行性。分析了不同流速下气泡直径、通气速度、浮力对减阻率的影响,并且研究了气泡对边界处流体速度分布、气体体积分数的影响。从数值结果可以看出通气速度较大且气泡直径较小时,减阻效率高,并且浮力对减阻有一定影响。 相似文献
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针对一优良过渡型艇,为喷气需要进行船底断阶,采用有限体积法、SIMPLEC算法和k-ε两方程湍流模型,不计自由面影响,计及气泡与水的相对运动,数值求解包含气液两相流的雷诺平均控制方程组。获得不同喷缝宽度、不同傅汝德数和相对喷气速度下的船舶的阻力特性和气泡浓度分布规律并与模型实验结果进行对比分析。结果显示:在获得高减阻率条件下,Cn随Fr增加而呈非线性增加,当Fr=0.779时,Cn达到最大值;在获得25%减阻率的条件下,Fr=0.973时相对喷缝宽度为0.112所需喷气量最小即喷气所消耗功率最小。计算结果可为高速气泡船喷缝参数设计提供参考。 相似文献
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采用欧拉方法的混合两相流模型及标准k-ε湍流模型,对采用控制气泡逸出技术的高速艇进行数值模拟,得到模型在喷气与不喷气状态下航行时的粘性流场,探讨不同控制气泡逸出方法对摩擦阻力减阻效果的影响,以寻求出使气泡在艇底保持及运动稳定性较好的最佳减阻措施。计算结果表明:在艇底加防溅条没有达到预期的减阻效果,优化后的新船型明显提高微气泡的减阻率。 相似文献
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Hiroharu Kato Kento Miura Hajime Yamaguchi Masaru Miyanaga 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(3):122-129
The formation of air bubbles ejected through a single hole in a flat plate was observed in uniform flow of 2–10 m/s It was
confirmed that the size of the air bubbles was governed by main flow velocity and air flow rate. According to previous experiments,
the size of the bubbles is an important factor in frictional drag reduction by microbubble ejection. Usually bubbles larger
than a certain diameter (for example 1 mm) have no effect on frictional drag reduction. Three different methods were proposed
and tested to generate smaller bubbles. Among them, a 2D convex (half body of an NACA 64-021 section) with ejection holes
at the top was the best and most promising. The diameter of the bubbles became about one-third the size of the reference ejection
on a flat plate. Moreover, the bubble size did not increase with increasing flow rate. This is a favorable characteristic
for practical purposes. The skin friction force was measured directly with a miniature floating element transducer, and decreased
drastically by microbubble ejection from the top of the 2D convex shape. 相似文献
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Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%. 相似文献
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沟槽面减阻效果影响因素及减阻机理的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用雷诺平均N-S方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型计算V型沟槽面的湍流边界层流动和粘性阻力,研究了沟槽尖峰形状和雷诺数对减阻效果的影响规律,初步分析了沟槽面减阻机理.指出:沟槽尖峰处的圆角半径越小其减阻效果越好,沟槽斜面中下部的壁面应力随着圆角半径的减小而降低,但尖峰处的局部壁面应力会随之增大;来流速度对沟槽减阻率的影响很大,对于一种尺度的V型沟槽,存在着一个具有较好减阻效果的来流速度范围,而沟槽面在沿来流方向上的布置位置对减阻效果的影响非常小;沟槽尺度对减阻效果很剧烈;沟槽尖峰处生成的二次涡是产生减阻效果的根本原因,二次涡的强弱与沟槽减阻率的大小紧密相关. 相似文献
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Madan Mohan Guin Hiroharu Kato Hajime Yamaguchi Masatsugu Maeda Masaru Miyanaga 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1996,1(5):241-254
Determination of the flow structure near the wall is essential for a clear insight into the phenomenon of skin friction reduction
by microbubbles in a turbulent boundary layer. An important parameter, is the bubble concentration or void fraction in the
wall region in drag-reducing conditions. The purpose of this paper is to show drag-reducing effects due to microbubbles in
a water channel and, more importantly, to show the dependence of the drag-reduction values on the near-wall void fraction.
A two-dimensional channel with an aspect ratio of 10 was specially built for this purpose with provisions for air injection
through porous plates. Skin friction was directly measured by a miniature floating element transducer with a 5-mm circular
sensing disk mounted flush on the top wall 67 channel-heights downstream of the injector. The wall friction in the presence
of air bubbles was found to be reduced under the same bulk velocity when compared with the value without air. Detailed void
fraction profiles across the channel were obtained by a sampling probe and a fiber-optic probe. Better collapse of the drag
reduction data, independent of different profile shapes, was found when plotted against the near-wall void fraction than against
a cross-sectional mean void fraction. While this dependence reconfirms that the phenomena are essentially inner-region dependent,
the lack of influence of the bubble distribution patterns away from the wall implies lack of outer region influence. 相似文献
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超空泡航行体加速过程是航行体进入高速巡航状态的重要阶段。为了深入了解超空泡航行体加速过程中的流动特性,文中采用基于欧拉两流体模型的CFD方法以及基于相对运动的源项法对超空泡航行体全沾湿加速过程、通气加速过程进行了数值模拟,其中全沾湿过程主要研究了加速过程附加质量变化规律,通气加速过程研究了通气量、重力效应以及航行体攻角对空泡发展速度的影响。研究结果表明全沾湿加速过程中由于加速度较大,附加惯性力影响不能忽略;通气量、航行体攻角对超空泡生成速度均有较大影响,当速度达到50 m/s以上时,重力效应对空泡生成速度影响可以忽略。 相似文献
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针对均匀流场中三维等高型陷落腔因分离流而产生的流激振荡问题开展了系列的实验研究。实验过程中分别考虑了来流攻角为0°和15°时、雷诺数变化范围(Re=2.06.105~1.16.106)时三维等高型陷落腔的流激振荡特性。实验中分别测量了三维腔体侧壁周向及垂向流体压力,在分析腔体内稳态压力和脉动压力的周向、垂向分布规律及腔口剪切层自持振荡特性的基础上,研究了攻角对流体压力分布和剪切层振荡频率特性的影响。实验结果表明:均匀流场中三维陷落腔内部压力分布复杂且当雷诺数大于某值时腔体内稳态压力全都呈现出负压,同时来流攻角的增加使腔口导边、随边和腔体内稳态压力明显地减小,顶流点处的稳态压力随相对高度增加先减小后增大。攻角的增加使剪切层振荡频率减小,但并未影响剪切层振频无量纲St数随流速的变化规律。 相似文献
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为预先确定船舶初步设计中的通风口系统在外部气流场作用下的排气效果,找出设计方案在通风口排气方面存在的问题,采用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)和风道试验的方法进行研究。以外部气流作用下的通风口烟气扩散试验为研究对象,建立含通风口边界条件的风道三维网格模型,求解不同气体流速下的黏性不可压缩定常流动。计算不同外部气流速度下和不同通风口布局下排气中的CO2分布扩散情况,结果表明来流速度增大会加快CO2体积分数沿流向的衰减速率,削弱CO2横向扩散程度。根据试验结果验证计算的准确性,证明应用CFD技术可评估通风口布局的优劣。 相似文献