某大尺度新船型波浪载荷理论预报

针对某大尺度新船型的船体线型特点,运用COMPASS-WALCS软件对其船体波浪线性、非线性载荷(包括砰击载荷)进行预报,并与BV船级社规范计算结果、船模试验结果进行对比分析,结果表明:非线性载荷预报有一定准确度,可以对实船设计起到指导作用。     

气垫船围裙成型数值计算与试验研究

气垫船围裙为三维复杂柔性结构，承受的外载荷复杂，其成型计算具有强非线性特点，一直是气垫船研究的重点和难点。论文以某极地运输气垫船围裙为研究对象，采用有限元方法，基于动态显式求解法计算了围裙典型分段和全船围裙的成型，并通过围裙典型分段模型成型试验和气垫船缩尺船模陆上静垫升试验分别对围裙成型计算方法及其对陆上静垫升特性的影响进行了分析。结果表明，基于有限元法的围裙成型计算方法较传统解析方法精度更高，与成型试验结果相比误差更小；全船围裙成型有限元计算结果与典型分段计算结果基本一致，基于全船围裙有限元法计算得到的静垫升特性参数预报精度较高，对提高气垫船总体性能预报精度具有指导意义。     

中型气垫船导管内蒙皮脉动载荷预报方法研究

气垫船空气螺旋桨导管结构受力复杂,对重量控制要求高,且目前国内缺乏相应的设计规范和标准。据此,结合国内目标中型气垫船导管特点分析,基于典型导管气动力特性模型试验、CFD理论计算、经验公式估算和实艇测试等方法开展了中型气垫船导管内蒙皮脉动载荷预报方法研究。研究成果可分别为中、大型气垫船导管结构设计提供技术支撑和参考。     

小方型系数船舶的船体波浪载荷综合研究

从船级社规范对于不符合主尺度比要求的船舶船体梁波浪载荷的规定出发,采用理论预报和船模试验2种综合方式,进行了小于0.6方型系数、高航速、高海况目标船的波浪载荷研究。从规范对波浪载荷的线性理论预报值进行的非线性修正,修正后中拱和中垂波浪弯矩绝对值之和与线性理论预报极值全幅值相等出发,阐述所研究船特殊主尺度比下的模型试验结果、三维非线性水弹性理论预报结果显示出的波浪载荷非线性行为;同时综合模型试验与理论预报的共同规律,研究不同波高、航速、浪向等非常规船型船体波浪载荷的强非线性行为,从而认为规范基于的线性理论预报值进行非线性修正的统一规定太过笼统,进而建议规范对波浪载荷的非线性修正予以进一步的明确区分和规定。     

小方型系数船舶的船体波浪载荷综合研究

从船级社规范对于不符合主尺度比要求的船舶船体梁波浪载荷的规定出发,采用理论预报和船模试验2种综合方式,进行了小于0.6方型系数、高航速、高海况目标船的波浪载荷研究.从规范对波浪载荷的线性理论预报值进行的非线性修正,修正后中拱和中垂波浪弯矩绝对值之和与线性理论预报极值全幅值相等出发,阐述所研究船特殊主尺度比下的模型试验结果、三维非线性水弹性理论预报结果显示出的波浪载荷非线性行为;同时综合模型试验与理论预报的共同规律,研究不同波高、航速、浪向等非常规船型船体波浪载荷的强非线性行为,从而认为规范基于的线性理论预报值进行非线性修正的统一规定太过笼统,进而建议规范对波浪载荷的非线性修正予以进一步的明确区分和规定.     

船体结构强度评估的线性设计波法研究

针对不适用规范公式计算船体波浪载荷的特殊船型,以一艘浮式生产储油船(FPSO)为例,介绍了一种长期预报设计波法,使用该设计波法确定了FPSO的波浪载荷长期预报极值和设计波波浪参数。同时,与规范计算公式及非线性修正后得到的波浪载荷进行比较分析。最后,利用设计波载荷计算结果,对该FPSO的船体结构强度进行评估。分析结果表明,使用长期预报设计波法计算FPSO的波浪载荷具有一定的合理性,其船体结构强度符合规范要求。     

耗散系数修正对波浪载荷预报的影响研究

在参考模型试验结果选取适当月池自由面耗散系数的基础上,对目标船进行波浪载荷预报。选取合理的月池自由面耗散系数,以准确模拟月池围壁压力;进而准确计算月池开孔对船体梁波浪载荷的影响,形成一套数值计算与模型试验相结合的带月池船体梁波浪载荷预报方法。研究成果为船舶波浪载荷预报提供参考。     

三体船垂向波浪载荷预报

以一艘三体船为例,采用基于三维线性势流理论的流体动力计算程序,进行船体波浪载荷的长期预报,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与英国劳氏船级社三体船规范计算值进行比较分析。结果表明,在现有条件下预报结果具有一定的准确性,可用于指导船体初步结构设计。     

首尾开槽类船体结构的波浪外载荷研究

文章从规范公式计算、三维线性势流理论预报两方面进行了首尾端开槽的绞吸式挖泥船船体结构波浪外载荷研究。三维线性势流理论预报的波浪外载荷计算是基于实际模拟船体开槽区域的开敞式湿表面和将船体开槽区域定义为船体内部液舱的两种不同方式进行。基于工程设计的实际出发,论文旨在综合探讨适合于首尾端开槽的船体结构波浪外载荷计算方式,并进而解决首尾端开槽结构的船型总强度设计载荷问题。     

三维流体动力方法计算穿浪双体船的船体响应

穿浪双体船船型复杂,航速较高,要准确预报其波浪载荷比较困难,但同时对于结构设计而言又非常重要。基于线性势流理论,采用三维流体动力学方法在时域上计算了穿浪双体船的运动响应和波浪载荷,时域计算结果经过傅立叶变换,在频域上分析了其响应特征。通过与规则波中试验结果和数值计算结果进行比较分析,表明用该方法计算穿浪双体船的船体响应可以获得比较满意的结果,可应用于同类船舶的波浪载荷预报。     

CATIA二次开发实现全垫升气垫船性能 计算结果的可视化

全垫升气垫船对质量要求严苛,使船体浮箱结构薄弱;可两栖登陆,使浮箱破舱风险大,水密分舱只能加密。通过CATIA二次开发,实现了密集水密分舱破损计算结果的可视化,便于驾驶员基于浮箱上破口尺寸与位置,快速评估对破损进水以及船姿态的影响。CATIA气垫兴波波形的三维可视化,可直观地观察波面与气垫围线的相互关系,利于求取及理解船带漂角斜航时兴波对阻力及姿态的影响。船在波浪上航行时,随波起伏引起气垫压力波动,将外界载荷传递至船体与柔性围裙,实现气垫压力动态测试结果可视化,便于对比分析压力波动空间分布变化。     

三体船分段模型波浪载荷试验研究

三体船的主体与连接桥结构的波浪载荷特性是船舶结构设计者非常关注的问题,目前对于这些载荷特性进行较为全面的模型试验研究在国内很少。该文在拖曳水池和方形水池开展了某三体船的分段模型试验,详细介绍了分段模型的设计原则,对于纵向载荷和横向载荷的测量采用不同的分段布置形式。通过对试验数据的分析及与理论计算的对比,对三体船横摇运动非线性修正方法加以改进,同时研究了该三体船的船舯横剖面和连接桥纵剖面的波浪载荷特征,得出了一些结论,为船舶结构设计提供了确定设计载荷的依据。     

铝合金整体壁板及悬挂式骨架系统在气垫船上的应用范围研究

铝合金整体壁板与传统铝合金焊接结构相比，前者能减少焊接变形，减轻结构重量。基于典型气垫船的船体线型特点，对铝合金整体壁板在气垫船上的应用范围进行梳理研究；针对悬挂式骨架系统自身特点和收集到的相关资料，从其局部强度、稳定性和局部振动特性与常规开切口式结构作对比计算、分析，在此基础上对悬挂式骨架系统气垫船应用范围进行研究，为铝合金整体壁板及悬挂式骨架系统在气垫船上的推广应用提供参考。     

Wave slamming loads on wave-piercer catamarans operating at high-speed determined by hydro-elastic segmented model experiments

Catamaran vessels operating at high-speed can be exposed to deck diving and bow damage and one resolution of this problem is the wave-piercer design of INCAT Tasmania. Owing to the complexity of the unsteady non-linear flow in the bow area during large wave encounter model testing has been undertaken to identify the peak dynamic slam loads on the ship structure. This paper provides experimental benchmark information relating to the wave slam loads on wave-piercing catamaran ferries. Since the time frames of transient slam loadings and whipping vibration of the entire hull in its first bending mode are similar it is important that the test model replicates the whipping response and therefore needs to be a hydro-elastic model. A 2.5 m hydro-elastic segmented catamaran model has been developed based on the 112 m INCAT Tasmania wave-piercer catamaran to establish the peak wave slamming loads acting on the full-scale vessel. Towing tank tests were performed in regular seas at a maximum full-scale operating speed of 38 knots. The model was instrumented to measure the dynamic slam loads acting on the centre bow and vertical bending moments acting in the demihulls of the catamaran model as a function of wave frequency and wave height. Peak slam loads measured on the centre bow were found to approach the total weight of the model, this being a broadly similar result to the peak loads measured at full-scale. It was found that global dimensionless heave and pitch accelerations peaked in the same range of encounter frequency as did the peak slam load.     

三体船横向结构波浪设计载荷试验与规范比较研究

三体船连接桥结构波浪设计载荷的确定对结构设计中关注的横向强度问题来说是非常重要的.为了研究一艘三体船连接桥横向波浪载荷,进行了该三体船的水池模型试验,包含不同浪向下规则波与不规则波试验.试验对连接桥遭受的分离弯矩Msp、分离剪力Qsp和横向扭矩Mtt进行了测量,分析了其传递函数和统计的特性.根据对这些连接桥横向波浪载荷在试验值、推断值与规范计算值之间的比较分析表明:劳氏规范关于这些横向波浪载荷的计算值可能对应于规则波双幅波高6.0m;对于不同的横向波浪载荷来说,保证率为99%的设计载荷推断值对横向扭矩Mtt来说要大于规范计算值,而分离弯矩Msp和分离剪力Qsp的推断值对应的规范计算值则相当,这意味着没计人员在用劳氏规范进行校核时,横向扭矩Mtt的规范计算值是偏向于冒险的,应给予特别关注.     

Combining low- and high-frequency loads acting on large floating structures

Loads acting on large floating structures usually consist of high-frequency and low-frequency loads. The high-frequency loads are associated with the hydroelastic behavior of the structure and excitation of the natural frequency modes. The low-frequency loads are associated with the body motion of the structure and the wave profile. In design analysis, extreme values of these loads must be combined taking into consideration the correlation between them. This paper discusses a methodology for combining the extreme loads, and proposes a simple formulation suitable for use in reliability analysis. A proposed load combination factor K was found to depend on the correlation coefficient of the two loads, the ratio of their standard deviations and the frequency content of the processes from which the loads are determined. The correlation coefficient was found to depend on the complex frequency response functions of the loads and the input wave spectrum. The paper also discusses characteristic extreme values of slightly nonlinear loads acting on large floating structures.Extreme loads may be based on a storm condition with a specified return period. Since very large floating structures are expected to have a long operational lifetime, the return period must be selected carefully. The paper discusses a method for selecting return periods based on the expected operational life of the structure and encounter probability.     

基于正交试验法的舵板缓冲吸能结构仿真与优化

缓冲装置是水下航行体舵板的组成部分,主要通过缓冲管的压溃变形延长复杂流场对舵板的冲击时间和载荷峰值。为分析不同缓冲结构方案的吸能效果,本文基于正交试验法对影响缓冲吸能效果的内管数、内管壁厚和材料类型等3个因子,在不同的水平下进行搭配组合并确定仿真方案。分析结果表明,选用不锈钢材料、内管壁厚5mm的三内管结构对于保护舵板效果最好。通过落锤冲击试验,研究了不同冲击载荷下缓冲管变形吸能规律,同时也对仿真分析模型进行了校验。     

预应力混凝土风机结构在环境载荷与5兆瓦负载下的三维分析模拟（英文）

A concrete gravity base structure may not be suitable for offshore weak soil because of its heavy weight. Therefore, a conceptual model for a concrete offshore wind turbine structure suitable for weak soils is proposed. The proposed model is composed of a prestressed concrete(PSC) supported by a pile foundation. For a three-dimensional analysis of the large concrete structure, wave pressures based on the diffraction wave theory are developed using a three-dimensional solid finite element method. Static and dynamic analyses were performed to achieve the conceptual model of a PSC structure subjected to ocean environmental loads and a 5-MW turbine load on southwest coast in Korea. From the analysis, the maximum displacement and stresses of the proposed model did not exceed the allowable values from design standard, and the first mode of natural frequency of the structure was in a safe range to avoid resonance. The proposed model has enough structural stability to withstand external loads, and it is expected to be used in locations suitable for concrete gravity structures.     

Finite Element Simplified Fatigue Analysis Method for a Non-tubular Joint of an Offshore Jacket Platform

This paper proposes the finite element simplified fatigue analysis method for fatigue evaluation of the composite non-tubular joint structure of an offshore jacket subjected to wave loads. The skirt pile sleeve of the offshore jacket, which had been in service, was taken as an example of the non-tubular joint structure. SACS software was used for global analysis of multi-directional wave loads for the jacket platform, and ALGOR software was used to build a finite element model, perform finite element analys...