共用围护相邻基坑“先浅后深”施工技术

地下空间开发中基坑群的施工面临着施工筹划和相互保护的技术难题，尤其是共用围护墙．“先浅后深”施工风险更大。通过轨交、隧道工程和房地产开发相结合的地下综合体的施工数值模拟和实施数据分析，总结出基坑群施工的关键技术和相互保护措施。     

上海青草沙原水工程五号沟泵站深基坑施工风险及其对策

针对上海青草沙原水工程五号沟泵站的工程特点及施工风险,从基坑开挖、降承压水等方面详细分析了该大型地下水工结构的施工技术特点和风险控制对策,可为类似工程提供参考。     

紧邻既有轨道交通地下车站的超深、超小型基坑施工技术

紧邻既有轨道交通地下车站的基坑工程施工中,存在着开挖过程中土体卸载引起既有车站变形的风险。上海轨道交通18号线12标民生路站—昌邑路站区间下穿运营中的轨道交通6号线民生路站,介绍了工程紧紧围绕承压水治理、基坑开挖、监测三个方面开展的工作,分析了超深基坑承压水控制、超小型基坑开挖施工技术以及紧邻既有运营地下车站开挖基坑沉降保护控制措施。该工程做法可为类似基坑工程提供参考和借鉴。     

谈地铁车站基坑开挖安全的施工要点

提出了上海地铁车站基坑开挖控制风险的施工要点,意在当前上海地铁建设正进入前所未有的大规模施工时期,现对如何控制基坑开挖的风险提出探讨,望得到修正并充实提高,以期达到地铁顺利建设。     

软土地区城市轨道交通工程基坑风险控制要点分析

城市轨道交通基坑工程围护结构的重点是开挖阶段的风险控制。从施工技术与工程管理两方面介绍了国内软土地区的基坑风险,分析了从围护到结构回筑阶段施工风险控制的要点,可供类似工程参考和借鉴。     

软土地区深基坑工程施工对邻近风貌建筑群的保护技术

为有效控制环境敏感区域和软土地区中深基坑的开挖变形及其对周边建筑的影响,在上海外滩通道紧邻风貌建筑群的长大深基坑工程中采用了地下连续墙围护体系、地墙两侧土体三轴搅拌桩预加固、加大地下连续墙插入比、坑内加固和降水,以及通过封堵墙和加固墙将长大基坑分隔成较短的基坑等措施,有效地控制了基坑变形,减少了地面沉降和周边建筑的变形.通过对保护建筑的专业检测、评估,确定了基坑施工的保护标准;通过信息化施工,对施工全过程进行监测及数据分析,为制定和实施深基坑周边风貌建筑群保护措施提供了科学依据.     

紧邻有轨电车高架桥基坑施工安全保障措施

结合苏州太湖大道改造工程阳山西路隧道基坑工程,文章分析了紧邻有轨电车高架桥基坑施工时存在的风险及相应安全保证措施,研究了各主要施工工序的控制要点,并对施工期间可能出现的风险提出了针对性的应急措施,不仅可以确保基坑的安全和稳定,而且将基坑施工对高架桥的影响降到最低,安全保障措施可供类似工程参考。     

基坑工程对邻近地铁隧道影响及控制措施研究

随着经济和城市建设的快速发展,城市地铁附近的地下空间开发越来越受到青睐,基坑卸土及降水对邻近地铁隧道有一定的影响.文章从力学原理上分析了影响机理,从设计和施工两方面提出了减小基坑工程对邻近地铁影响的控制措施,并结合具体工程采用三维有限元法验证了文中提出的控制措施的有效性.     

船闸基坑工程施工技术探究

船闸基坑工程施工安全风险较高,在施工中做好施工技术运用有助于控制船闸基坑工程施工风险,提升施工成效.在船闸建设中,基坑项目大多都埋设于地下水位较高的位置,在水压作用影响中会导致管涌、流砂、边坡失稳现象发生.所以当前要对基坑工程施工技术应用深入分析,拟定针对性措施,提高施工安全性.     

洞桩法地下基坑时空效应分析与施工技术研究

文章针对地铁车站施工中洞桩法地下基坑不同于明挖基坑的特点,结合工程实例,对洞桩法地下基坑施工时空效应进行了分析;提出了适合洞内土方开挖与钢支撑施工的技术措施;并根据监测结果,进一步对洞桩法地下基坑受力状态进行了分析研究,提出了采用时空效应原理进行地下基坑施工的方法.     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。     

城市轨道交通杂散电流监测系统概述

介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。     

Preliminary results of an analysis of areas of influence in Shanghai

The main deficiency of most current modeling approaches to transportation can be identified as neglect of the integration of existing geographical knowledge in regard to the ex ante transport/land use modeling approaches, with its focus on territorial dynamics and theory development. This paper addresses this aspect of the problem by introducing a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of the interrelationship between land uses. The analysis attempts to determine to what extent the functional land use in a city can be considered an ordered pattern. The order sought does not rely on purely spatial configurations, but on the correlation of transportation and land use. The first section of this paper focuses on theoretical considerations. It stresses the fact that conventional approaches do not apply in the present context. It then suggests an alternative based on areas of influence and measured in terms of level of attractance of land uses. The second describes a procedure based on this alternative following the remarkable contribution of Hanjoul, Beguin and Thill. An application of this procedure to the analysis of Shanghai is then examined. Finally, an evaluation of the strategies for optimizing the interrelationship between land uses is presented. The paper concludes with a possible research agenda.     

输油管道中原油乳状液的流变性研究

原油乳状液的流变性是原油开采后在管道中输送的重要研究方面,为了更好地研究这一性质,采用电动搅拌机、偏光显微镜以及流变仪等仪器来测定不同含水率的原油乳状液在不同条件下的黏度,观测不同含水率的原油乳状液在偏光显微镜下的形态。并且分别对原油乳状液的黏度与含水率之间的关系以及与剪切速率之间的关系进行研究,初步确定了所测区块原油乳状液的转相点以及该区块原油乳状液的流变特性,为生产中的油气集输提供了理论依据。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.