共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 359 毫秒
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日前,我国自行研发的海上溢油预警浮标技术在广东海事局验收和推广应用。该项技术由交通运输部水运科学研究院依托广东海事局高栏溢油基地和南海海区清污基地仑头工程项目,结合国家发改委高新技术资助课题项目,历时两年研究取得成功。 相似文献
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海上溢油应急技术主要包括监视预警、应急监测和清污技术三个方面,在任何一起事故中,都可能用到这三种技术中的部分或者全部。一、监视预警目前,对海上溢油的监视手段主要有卫星遥感监视、航空监视、船舶监视、雷达监视、浮标监视、港口CCTV等,实际应用中通常是各种手段相结合。当前世界上许多国家已建立了卫星、飞机和船舶监视的立体监视体系,发达国家一般都拥有自己比较成熟的溢油遥感 相似文献
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溢油对海洋生态系统的损害研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
海上溢油污染规模不断扩大,造成了严重的生态破坏和巨大的经济损失,研究者在溢油事故发生后利用实验研究溢油对各种海洋生物的影响,主要集中于对海洋生物种群的致死和致突变机理的研究。文章在对这些研究进行综述的基础上,对溢油海洋生物损害研究的实用性进行阐述,并提出了溢油实验室研究的发展方向和建立毒性数据库的必要性。 相似文献
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从溢油处理技术的需求论多功能溢油回收船型的开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
贺德斌 《船舶设计技术交流》2007,(1):22-26
本文是作者参与和从事多功能溢油回收船型开发工作的总结。文章比较系统地分析研究了溢油的监视、围控和回收等关键技术和设备、措施,指出了多功能溢油回收船应该具备的技术特点,并提出了对多功能溢油回收船型的开发和设计工作的若干建议,可供从事此种船舶的项目开发和设计参考应用。 相似文献
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Trevor O'Neill 《Coastal management》2013,41(4):289-317
Abstract Tankers and offshore exploration and production facilities are the main sources of marine oil spills in the North Sea. Both Norway and the United Kingdom conduct vigorous programs to improve oil spill response, including systematic research and testing of oil spill cleanup technology, regional stockpiling of oil spill response equipment, training of response personnel, and conducting periodic in‐water oil spill “war games.”; The United Kingdom relies on chemical dispersants, while Norway prefers the use of mechanical containment and recovery devices. Norway also requires its offshore operators to demonstrate that their oil spill response equipment and contingency plans meet specific performance standards. 相似文献
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Manuel Gonzlez Luis Ferrer Adolfo Uriarte Agurtzane Urtizberea Ainhoa Caballero 《Journal of Marine Systems》2008,72(1-4):178
This contribution describes the procedure used during the Prestige oil-spillage event, by means of an Operational Oceanography System, and the behaviour of the present prediction tools (hydrodynamic and dispersion models) applied to it. The accuracy of these tools is estimated by a reanalysis of field data transmitted by a sea surface drifting buoy, released at the time of the oil spill. The numerical models applied were the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS), fed by the available six-hourly NCEP atmospheric information, together with a Lagrangian Particle-Tracking Model (LPTM). ROMS has been used to estimate the current fields for the Bay of Biscay, whilst the LPTM has provided the oil spill trajectories. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the numerical models depends upon the quality of the meteorological input data. In this case, the current fields at the sea surface, derived by ROMS, have been underestimated by the wind fields of the NCEP reanalysis data. An efficient calibration of these wind fields, with data provided by the Gascony buoy (fixed oceanic and atmospheric station), achieves more realistic looking results; this is reflected in the comparison between the buoy trajectory predicted numerically and the tracked movements of the drifting buoy. 相似文献
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海上溢油应急能力评估研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对目前我国海上溢油应急能力评估现状,借鉴国内外其他领域应急能力评估模式的先进经验,建立了包含5个一级指标,20个二级指标的海上溢油应急能力评估指标体系.运用改进的层次分析法得出不同层次指标的权重,并结合某海区溢油应急能力现状评分,得到该海区海上溢油应急能力等级.研究表明,该评价指标体系合理、实用,可为海上溢油应急能力... 相似文献
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近年来,海上溢油事故时有发生,造成了严重的环境污染。卫星遥感监视系统能够对海面溢油进行有效监视,对船舶非法排污行为产生威慑作用。文中重点介绍了卫星遥感监视系统的由来和在海事执法中的应用,特别是2009年以来常规监视工作的开展,为海事执法提供了新的高科技手段。 相似文献