离心风机流场大涡模拟与管中噪声数值预报

[目的]为开展离心风机振动噪声预报,[方法]首先,对离心风机整个流域进行结构化网格划分,采用大涡模拟(LES)获得叶轮表面随时间变化的脉动力,以旋转偶极子辐射为模型,采用声学有限元方法计算管道中的辐射声;然后,以蜗壳部分的壁面偶极子为辐射源,计算壁面脉动压力辐射声;最后,将数值计算结果与试验结果进行对比分析。[结果]结果表明,蜗壳壁面脉动压力辐射声在低频段高于叶轮辐射声,而在高频段低于叶轮辐射声;数值计算结果与实验结果具有一致性。[结论]所提叶轮辐射声及蜗壳壁面脉动压力辐射声的预报方法可满足工程应用需求。     

离心通风机压力脉动形成原因及典型位置的脉动特性

对某型离心风机内部流场进行非定常仿真计算,对内部流动分离、压力变化和压力分布等进行分析,探索压力脉动的产生原因。在此基础上,近蜗舌区域压力脉动量值分析,获得离心风机内部典型位置的压力脉动沿轴向分布特性和频率特性,为离心通风机气动激励的改善及减振降噪提供参考。     

离心通风机压力脉动形成机理及典型位置脉动特性分析

非定常激励是离心风机内部振动噪声的主要气动因素，压力脉动是反映通风机内部流动非定常激励特性的标志性参数，本文对某型离心风机内部流场进行非定常仿真计算，通过内部流动分离、压力变化、压力分布等情况，探索分析了压力脉动的产生机理；在此基础上，通过近蜗舌区域压力脉动量值分析，获得了离心风机内部典型位置压力脉动沿轴向分布特性和频率特性，为离心风机流体激励的改善及减振降噪提供参考。     

开槽蜗舌对离心风机流场特性的影响

针对风机叶轮射流尾迹与蜗舌产生的动静干涉流场的特性,研究风机内部动静干涉流场的相互作用机制.以某离心风机为研究对象,通过对传统蜗舌的结构进行改进,在叶轮出口长度对应的蜗舌展向长度范围内开槽,采用数值计算的方法分析开槽结构的槽宽、槽深和间距等参数对离心风机的气动特性和风机内部流场分布的影响规律.计算结果表明:开槽蜗舌有助于改善风机的运行效率,减小尾迹对蜗舌前缘的冲击,延缓蜗舌下游边界层的流动分离,削弱叶轮与蜗舌之间的动静干涉作用,抑制蜗壳壁面的非定常压力脉动.     

开槽蜗舌对离心风机流场特性的影响

针对风机叶轮射流尾迹与蜗舌产生的动静干涉流场的特性,研究风机内部动静干涉流场的相互作用机制。以某离心风机为研究对象,通过对传统蜗舌的结构进行改进,在叶轮出口长度对应的蜗舌展向长度范围内开槽,采用数值计算的方法分析开槽结构的槽宽、槽深和间距等参数对离心风机的气动特性和风机内部流场分布的影响规律。计算结果表明:开槽蜗舌有助于改善风机的运行效率,减小尾迹对蜗舌前缘的冲击,延缓蜗舌下游边界层的流动分离,削弱叶轮与蜗舌之间的动静干涉作用,抑制蜗壳壁面的非定常压力脉动。     

带前置支撑导管桨导管脉动压力特性试验研究

应用微型脉动压力传感器对某带前置支撑导管桨航行器的导管脉动压力进行了测量,介绍了试验设备、试验方法和数据处理方法,并分析了导管脉动压力的频域特性,获得了脉动压力沿导管内壁周向和轴向的分布规律,以及水速、桨叶主参数对导管脉动压力的影响,可为推进器性能优化设计提供必要的数据支撑。结果表明:导管脉动压力线谱主要与桨叶叶频倍数相关,以一阶叶频为主;导管桨盘面处各周向测点脉动压力量值相当,无明显差异;轴向位置导管脉动压力在桨叶梢部弦长中点附近处最大,沿轴向随距离增加衰减迅速,且在导管出口段衰减比入口段更快;不同水速时导管脉动压力分布规律一致,随水速变大导管脉动压力迅速增加;桨叶直径与最大导管脉动压力之间线性关系显著。     

倾斜侧壁正八边形天线罩风载特性研究

风载是综合集成桅杆复合材料天线罩所受的主要载荷之一,研究天线罩的风载特性将对复合材料天线罩的结构设计具有重要指导意义。采用试验和数值模拟的方法对倾斜侧壁正八边形天线罩的风载特性进行研究,分析天线罩表面平均压力系数和脉动压力系数的周向分布规律,以及Strouhal数(St数)随雷诺数(Re数)和风向角的变化规律,并将计算结果与试验结果进行比较分析。研究结果表明:平均压力系数和脉动压力系数沿周向分布变化较大,不同风向角下St数随Re的增加趋于稳定值,平均压力系数和脉动压力系数计算值与试验值基本相近。     

离心风机蜗壳的优化设计

利用流体力学专业计算软件NUMECA,绘制离心风机几何图形,并对离心风机进行数值模拟。以蜗壳外周形线的一维设计方法(等环量法)为基础,考虑气体黏性因素的影响,对原蜗壳的外形线设计进行修正。把得到的新蜗壳形线用在原风机上后,重新进行数值模拟,结果表明其性能有所提高。对比改进前后蜗壳内的气流流动情况,分析影响离心风机性能的内在因素。     

离心风机的内部流场数值模拟及噪声预估

建立后向板型叶片离心风机的流场模型,运用非结构化网格对流场模型进行网格划分,流场模拟的湍流模型采用标准k-ε模型,风机旋转区与非旋转区的耦合采用移动参考坐标系模型MRF,利用Fluent流体分析软件对离心风机的三维流场进行模拟仿真,得出叶轮、蜗壳的速度、压力等分布云图,在此基础上,运用数值计算方法对所研究的离心风机进行噪声预算,结果表明：考虑蜗壳与叶轮之间的区域计算所得流场更加符合实际工况;叶轮对气流做功,叶片根部气体的速度最小,叶片边缘处速度最大;蜗壳内侧的静压与全压均偏低;蜗壳的静压与动压在蜗舌区域均发生突变。研究结果有助于了解风机内部流场的运动规律,为风机结构优化及噪声优化研究提供参考。     

封闭式综合集成桅杆风载分布特性研究

为了提高舰船的隐身性能,现代舰船已逐渐开始采用封闭式综合集成桅杆,因此研究典型封闭式综合集成桅杆的风载分布具有重要意义。利用计算流体力学软件对典型的正八面体封闭式综合集成桅杆风载分布进行数值模拟,研究了风向角为0°、12°及22.5°、雷诺数在2.92×106至1.55×107范围内桅杆的风载分布,分析平均压力系数、脉动压力系数及斯特哈尔数随雷诺数的变化规律,以及平均压力系数和脉动压力系数沿桅杆垂向和周向的分布规律。结果表明:平均压力系数和脉动压力系数均随雷诺数的增加而趋于稳定,且其沿桅杆垂向基本呈均匀分布而沿桅杆周向变化较大。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。