基于柔性模型的多轴汽车平顺性的仿真研究

基于弹性梁弯曲振动理论和模态分析法建立了多轴汽车平顺性分析的柔性模型。按照汽车行驶平顺性评价方法，运用建立的柔性模型，分析了车速、路面等级、悬挂质量的分布、车架刚度以及悬架系统的刚度和阻尼对多轴汽车平顺性的影响。分析结果表明：悬挂质量的弯曲振动是影响多轴汽车行驶平顺性的一个不可忽略的重要因素；常用的刚体模型不能准确地描述多轴汽车的平顺性，不适合用于多轴汽车平顺性的分析。     

多轴转向汽车起重机转向轮摆振的计算机模拟分析

简要分析了多轴转向汽车起重机转向轮摆振的机理，建立了ＬＴ１０８０四轴转向汽车起重机转向轮摆振的数学模型，给出了转向轮摆振微分方程，并分自激振动和强迫振动对ＬＴ１０８０汽车起重机分别作了转向轮摆振计算机模拟分析。     

多轴汽车驻车制动性能分析方法

以三轴汽车为例,推导出多轴汽车的驻车极限坡度计算公式,并对其影响因素进行分析.在此基础上,提出了多轴汽车的驻车制动性能分析方法,即通过对驻车极限坡度与力矩法求出的最大驻车坡度进行比较而获得汽车的最大驻车坡度:外,提出了极限坡度利用率的概念,作为对驻车制动性能分析指标的补充.实例分析结果表明,该方法简单、实用,能对多轴汽车驻车制动性能进行有效分析.     

三轴汽车转向系统结构设计分析

本文分析了三轴汽车转向系统不同的结构型式。传统的单轴转向型式结构简单，但存在着轮胎磨损严重、转向阻力大、转弯半径大等问题。前、后轴均转向的三轴汽车能克服上述缺点，具有较合理的转向特性。     

汽车轴类零件断裂失效模糊诊断模型的研究

介绍了用于分析汽车轴类零件断裂失效及模糊诊断模型的研究方法，实践表明：采用模糊数学中贴近度原理对汽车轴类零件断裂失效的研究和可靠性分析具有良好的分析能力。     

汽车传动轴故障的振动特性

首先讨论了汽车传动轴振动故障的危害，然后分析了传动轴故障的振动特征。通过理论和实践证明，汽车传动轴不平衡故障的振动频率为轴旋频率，其振幅值随不平衡加重而变大；传动轴十字轴磨损松旷的振动频率为轴旋转频率的二倍，其振幅随磨损加重而变大。     

三轴双前轴牵引汽车轴荷计算与优化

随着国家治超政策的不断加严,牵引汽车轻量化要求越来越高,双前轴牵引车悬架和轴桥总质量占汽车整备质量约30%,但悬架和轴桥作为汽车承载关键件,需获取准确的轴荷才能实现进一步降重。文章利用结构力学原理,建立双前轴三轴牵引汽车的轴荷计算模型。该模型通过分析中间轴距变化时轴荷的分配,得到最佳轴荷分配轴距,同时可以对轴距确定的牵引汽车通过调整Ⅰ、Ⅱ轴板簧高度差和鞍座压载位置进行轴荷优化。此方法具有较高精度,对提高多轴牵引汽车新产品开发成功率及整车布置优化有重要意义。     

半挂汽车列车的牵引动力学计算

在对整车静止和加速行驶时的受力分别进行分析的基础上，提出了半挂汽车列车最大牵引力和合理拖载的理论计算公式。指出合理拖载即确定汽车列车的最大总质量时必须考虑到汽车列车在最大坡道上能用头档或二档起步，能经常用直接档行驶，运行时符合路面附着条件等因素。同时讨论了汽车列车的轴载质量转移系数。     

汽车传动轴故障的振动特征

首先讨论了汽车传动轴振动故障的危害，然后分析了传动轴故障的振动特征。通过理论和实践证明，汽车传动轴不平衡故障的振动频率为轴旋转频率，其振幅值随不平衡加重而变大；传动轴十字轴磨损松旷的振动频率为轴旋转频率的二倍，其振幅随磨损加重而变大。     

基于Matlab的半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性分析

针对重型半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性问题,在Matlab/simulink中建立了重型半挂汽车列车的数学模型及动力学仿真模型,并进行了转向盘阶跃转向输入下的牵引车驱动轴横向载荷转移仿真分析.仿真结果表明,牵引车驱动轴为侧倾稳定性危险车轴.通过分析不同车速和车辆结构参数时牵引车驱动轴载荷转移的变化情况,得到重型半挂汽车列车侧倾稳定性与车辆主要结构参数及不同车速间的关系.     

四轮转向汽车操纵动力学虚拟仿真分析

从机械动力学仿真的角度，研究4WS汽车的瞬态和稳态操纵动力学特性。运用虚拟样机技术，给出4WS车辆在适当前轮转角及不同的大小、比值、方向以及转向时间差等后轮转角的条件下，车辆的瞬态和稳态动力学性能的表现。     

四轮转向汽车自适应模型跟踪控制研究

使用单点预瞄驾驶员模型，针对确定性汽车模型探讨了４ＷＳ汽车在单移线行驶过程中后轮的最优转向控制规律。通过引入状态反馈，改善了整车的转向特性，将实际汽车的前后轮胎侧刚度及外界干扰视为有界的不确定性参数，采用自适应模型跟踪变结构控制方法，使得不确定的实际汽车模型能够很好地跟踪确定的最优理论模型，仿真结果表明该方法的可行性，控制系统能够有效地克服参数摄动及外界干扰对系统稳定性的影响。     

Optimal Control of a Vehicle Suspension Incorporating the Time Delay between Front and Rear Wheel Inputs

An optimal control law for a vehicle suspension is developed using a discrete linear quadratic regulator framework. The time delay between the disturbance due to the road at the front and rear wheels is incorporated into the model, and it is shown that the optimal control law requires information gathered at the front wheels. A comparison is made between the optimal control law and a suboptimal one which does not incorporate front wheel road information.     

Effect of Traction Force Distribution Control on Vehicle Dynamics

The purpose of this study is to clarify vehicle dynamics effected by traction force distribution, not only between the front and rear wheels but also between the left and right wheels. Contribution of traction force distribution to vehicle turning performance was investigated using a mathematical simulation and an experimental vehicle. The results indicates that the control of traction control distribution between the left and right wheels greatly influences vehicle turning characteristics and improve the performance even in a marginal turning condition.     

汽车列车电控制动系统制动力分配的控制算法

为汽车列车提出了一种基于滑移率的电控制动系统制动力分配算法,即根据不同情况,使牵引车后轮和半挂车车轮的目标滑移率随牵引车前轮滑移率而变化.运用Matlab/Simulink和Trucksim软件进行列车在高附着和低附着路面上行驶的联合仿真,结果表明该算法能缩短汽车列车的制动距离,提高了制动稳定性.     

汽车后轴侧滑动态特性及稳定性研究

本文建立了汽车在制动时后轮抱死侧滑的力学模型，分析了汽车后轴侧滑的运动规律及其动态特性，结合汽车前后累的制动比例关系，通过计算机求解出了在汽车紧急制动时保证侧滑相对稳定的参数允许变化区域，为提高汽车的制动稳定性提供了一种有效的计算和分析方法。     

Effect of Traction Force Distribution Control on Vehicle Dynamics

SUMMARY

The purpose of this study is to clarify vehicle dynamics effected by traction force distribution, not only between the front and rear wheels but also between the left and right wheels. Contribution of traction force distribution to vehicle turning performance was investigated using a mathematical simulation and an experimental vehicle. The results indicates that the control of traction control distribution between the left and right wheels greatly influences vehicle turning characteristics and improve the performance even in a marginal turning condition.     

Effect of the front and rear weight distribution ratio of a Formula car during maximum-speed cornering on a circuit

Because Formula cars are lighter than ordinary cars, the optimal settings for this type of car are thought to be different from those of a ordinary car. The front and rear weight distribution ratio of a vehicle is an important parameter that exerts a significant influence on critical cornering. The tendency of a ordinary car to under-steer during critical cornering is determined by the front and rear weight distribution ratio of the vehicle. Specifically, when the front of an ordinary FR (front-engine, rear wheel drive) vehicle is slightly heavier than the rear, the car tends to understeer during critical cornering. However, the optimal weight distribution ratio for critical cornering is not obvious for a formula car because of its lightness. This observation was investigated using a driving course similar to a real driving course to perform a maximum speed cornering simulations. It was found that a front to rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 resulted in the fastest lap time. This ratio also gave the best results in the maximum-speed driving experiment performed using a driving simulator. Moreover, the maximum lateral acceleration during turning, the driving force, and the load movement of the inside and outside wheels was calculated using experimental driving force data and the concept of a tire friction circle. As a result, driving mechanics have been determined for a vehicle having a front/rear weight distribution ratio of 40:60 while traveling at maximum speed.     

Effect of the Controller Parameters on the Steerability of the Four Wheel Steered Car

The four-wheel-steering systems of the cars are becoming more and more wide-spread. In addition to the conventional 4WS systems (e.g. the steering-wheel-angle dependent four-wheel-steering and the speed dependent 4WS) there already exist some so called active 4WS systems. The front wheels and rear wheels are steered autonomously by the feedback compensation and in this manner the behaviour of the car during high-speed turning manoeuvre and under the side wind gust is improved. But what happens if some of the parameters of the car are changed? In the present paper, the author will analyze the system's response when the internal tyre pressure in the rear wheels is lower than the normal. Due to this the under-steered car becomes over-steered and the question is whether the control system is able to stabilize the motion of the vehicle.     

汽车制动过程的计算机模拟分析

通过建立汽车制动过程的数字模型，用计算机模拟分析了汽车的制动响应及各种敏感因素对它的影响，同时，进一步分析了引起汽后前后轮先后抱死拖滑的主要原因和影响程度，为汽车制动和制动稳定性的研究提供了参考。