基于ANOVA法磨削过程统计控制研究

基于现场采样数据,结合应用ANOVA方法,建立了一种新的过程统计稳态研判模型。通过模型能够量化分析过程的统计稳态程度和实现连续统计控制。通过对一个典型的磨削过程的应用试验,验证了过程输出持续与产品技术规格一致的目标要求。     

Degradation Reliability Analysis Based on TOPSIS Model Selection Method

It is necessary to determine the degradation path model of products at first when using the method based on degradation path model to evaluate the degradation reliability of products.At present,the degradation path model is mainly determined by scatter plots of degradation data.However,this method has strong subjectivity and is liable to cause the evaluation results to be inconsistent with the actual situation.In this paper,a degradation reliability analysis method based on TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)model selection is proposed,and its implementation process is given.The optimal degradation path model is selected according to the calculated proximity.With the help of TOPSIS method,various degradation path models can be selected and quantified,and the original degradation path method can be improved to avoid the risk of errors in product reliability evaluation caused by inaccurate subjective hypothesis,so as to ensure the objectivity and accuracy in the process of model determination.The validity and practicability of the proposed method are verified by the degradation analysis of the injector of a certain type of diesel engine.     

Bivariate Constant-Stress Accelerated Degradation Model and Inference Based on the Inverse Gaussian Process

Modern highly reliable products may have two or more quality characteristics (QCs) because of their complex structures and abundant functions. Relations between the QCs should be considered when assessing the reliability of these products. This paper conducts a Bayesian analysis for a bivariate constant-stress accelerated degradation model based on the inverse Gaussian (IG) process. We assume that the product considered has two QCs and each of the QCs is governed by an IG process. The relationship between the QCs is described by a Frank copula function. We also assume that the stress on the products affects not only the parameters of the IG processes, but also the parameter of the Frank copula function. The Bayesian MCMC method is developed to calculate the maximum likelihood estimators (MLE) of the model parameters. The reliability function and the mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) are estimated through the calculation of the posterior samples. Finally, a simulation example is presented to illustrate the proposed bivariate constant-stress accelerated degradation model.     

基于二维平面空间的连续型交通分析模型

在分析平衡配流模型交通系统假设的基础上,讨论了连续型交通分析模型的建模方法,分析了其主要特点、发展过程,并给出了单一吸引点模型的基本数学模型公式.作为区域交通分析中较为新颖的建模方法,连续型交通分析模型将区域交通系统抽象为平面二维空间体系,并假设属性函数可以用光滑的连续函数来表示.应用研究表明连续型交通分析模型在大范围、全局性的交通规划、控制管理以及物流分析中有着良好的前景.     

基于DBNs的车辆悬架减振器异响鉴别方法

针对人工经验提取特征进行减振器异响鉴别的复杂性与不可扩展性的问题,分析了深度信念网络(deep belief networks,DBNs)在减振器异响鉴别中的应用,并结合减振器整车与台架试验提出了完整的减振器异响鉴别流程.该方法只需将收集到的减振器活塞杆顶端振动加速度信号作为输入,经过DBNs模型逐层特征学习便可进行减振器异响鉴别.同时将鉴别结果与经典的BP神经网络、支持向量机以及传统的3种人工特征提取方法进行对比分析.结果表明:在输入仅为原始信号的条件下,深度信念网络模型对减振器异响鉴别的准确率为96.7%,表明了深度信念网络在减振器异响甄别中的优越性,具有广泛的工程应用前景.      

Validation Metric of Degradation Model with Dynamic Performance

With more and more attention on degradation process, we need the degradation model to be accurate all over the time rather than only at some specific moments. However, the traditional validation metric only estimates difference of static features. A validation method proposed in this paper uses hypothesis testing to identify whether the distributions of experimental measurements and simulation results are consistent. Then, based on the deviation between sample means, a global validation metric which reflects the difference of degradation process between computational model and physical system all over the service time is derived from the statistics of deviation between sample means. Furthermore, curve fit method for discrete experimental measurements is introduced. The case of electro-hydraulic servo valve is studied, and the results show that the proposed validation metric is appropriate for the validation of degradation model with dynamic performance output.     

Reliability Modeling and Maintenance Policy Optimization for Deteriorating System Under Random Shock

Performance degradation and random shock are commonly regarded as two dependent competing risks for system failures. One method based on effective service age is proposed to jointly model the cumulative effect of random shock and system degradation, and the reliability model of degradation system under Nonhomogeneous Poisson processes (NHPP) shocks is derived. Under the assumption that preventive maintenance (PM) is imperfective and the corrective maintenance (CM) is minimal repair, one maintenance policy which combines PM and CM is presented. Moreover, the two decision variables, PM interval and the number of PMs before replacement, are determined by a multi-objective maintenance optimization method which simultaneously maximizes the system availability and minimizes the system long-run expect cost rate. Finally, the performance of the proposed maintenance optimization policy is demonstrated via a numerical example.     

G318（西藏境）竹卡澜沧江大桥线形控制与监测

在连续刚构桥施工中,对线形的有效控制是桥梁在不同施工温度及工况下成功合拢及平顺的保证。通过对G318（西藏境）竹卡澜沧江大桥实际施工中的线形控制及监测,探讨了该连续刚构桥梁施工过程中线形控制和监测的要点和方法,为同类桥梁工程的线形监测提供参考。     

辽东边墙分离式上部移动支架浇筑连续箱梁施工方法

主要介绍辽东边墙分离式上部移动支架浇筑连续箱梁逐段施工同时,先施工边跨现浇梁段,然后合拢边跨,再合拢中跨的施工方法及工艺流程,这样有效地提高了现浇段、合拢段预应力箱梁的施工质量,为今后的连续箱梁的施工提供了宝贵经验。     

Memory based scheme to monitor non-random small shift patterns in manufacturing process

Consistent high-quality and defect-free production is the demand of the day. The product recall not only increases engineering and manufacturing cost but also affects the quality and the reliability of the product in the eye of users. The monitoring and improvement of a manufacturing process are the strength of statistical process control. In this article we propose a process monitoring memory-based scheme for continuous data under the assumption of normality to detect small non-random shift patterns in any manufacturing or service process.The control limits for the proposed scheme are constructed. The in-control and out-of-control average run length(AVL) expressions have been derived for the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. Robustness to non-normality has been tested after simulation study of the run length distribution of the proposed scheme, and the comparisons with Shewhart and exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA) schemes are presented for various gamma and t-distributions. The proposed scheme is effective and attractive as it has one design parameter which differentiates it from the traditional schemes. Finally, some suggestions and recommendations are made for the future work.     

Software Reliability Growth Model Considering First-Step and Second-Step Fault Dependency

As one of the most important indexes to evaluate the quality of software, software reliability experiences an increasing development in recent years. We investigate a software reliability growth model(SRGM). The application of this model is to predict the occurrence of the software faults based on the non-homogeneous Poisson process(NHPP). Unlike the independent assumptions in other models, we consider fault dependency. The testing faults are divided into three classes in this model: leading faults, first-step dependent faults and second-step dependent faults. The leading faults occurring independently follow an NHPP, while the first-step dependent faults only become detectable after the related leading faults are detected. The second-step dependent faults can only be detected after the related first-step dependent faults are detected. Then, the combined model is built on the basis of the three sub-processes. Finally, an illustration based on real dataset is presented to verify the proposed model.     

SBS热氧老化动力学研究

采用原位红外技术跟踪SBS热氧化过程,同时通过热分析动力学技术计算了SBS的氧化动力学反应参数。研究表明,160℃以下时,氮气氛围中的SBS无降解断链现象发生。在氧气氛围下,SBS中的PB段发生热氧化降解及无规则断链。在300℃以下时,SBS中的PS段抗氧性能优异,无氧化发生;PB段中双键旁的α氢原子有很大活性,是氧化反应的进攻点,其热氧化降解同时存在解聚和无规断链,自动氧化反应是SBS热氧老化的主要特征,反应机理为自由链式,反应过程包括链引发、链增长和链终止,反应经过初始自由基的诱导期后,SBS迅速被氧化并发生严重降解。     

机车车辆用KONI减振器动力学仿真研究

针对已有在悬架系统中研究油压减振器动力学模型的局限性,提出了一种分析减振器系统动力学问题的新方法.以KONI减振器为例,建立了KONI减振器系统动力学的模型,并对其进行了仿真研究.仿真结果表明,经过一段时间后,系统振动幅值逐渐衰减并趋于稳态,与输入激励在频率上一致.本文的结果可作为减振器改进和设计的理论依据,对于分析车辆运行平顺性具有指导意义,对于进一步分析和设计减振器提供参考依据.     

层间接触条件对复合式基层路面结构的力学影响

对复合式基层沥青路面在不同层间接触条件下的力学响应分布进行比较和分析,结果表明：当层间接触条件由完全光滑变为完全连续时,复合式基层沥青路面的力学响应分布发生明显变化;相比层间光滑条件,层间连续条件下复合式基层路面具有较明显的力学优势。     

基于SHEPWM的多模式调制切换算法

为了抑制切换过程电流和转矩冲击，提出了一种基于特定次谐波消除脉宽调制（SHEPWM）的多模式调制平滑切换算法. 根据SHEPWM算法的基本原理分析了相电压波形谐波分布情况；基于异步电机等效电路模型得到不同开关角个数下各次电流谐波幅值和调制度的关系；将切换过程抽象为电流基波及各次谐波的一阶暂态响应过程，建立了切换过程的数学模型，从电路原理的角度分析了切换冲击的产生机理；基于RT-LAB半实物实验平台对两种切换算法进行了硬件在环半实物试验对比. 研究结果表明:谐波幅值突变是造成转矩冲击的原因，在相电压基波相位π/2和3π/2处切换谐波电流幅值不发生变化，相电流可以平滑过渡；三相无法同时满足相位为π/2或3π/2的条件，因此分别在相电压基波相位π/2和3π/2处切换，切换过程电流和转矩冲击得到有效抑制.      

大西客专跨铁路连续梁桥转体施工监控技术

连续梁桥转体施工为全桥施工的关键步骤。桥梁转体施工监控目的就是为确保大桥结构的施工安全和施工质量,并保证既有铁路的运营安全。结合大西客运专线上院跨朔黄铁路(60+100+60)m连续箱梁转体施工实例,提出了悬臂T构转体施工过程监控的具体内容,详细介绍了本桥现场监控实施情况,通过实时监控数据来指导转体,为桥梁的平顺转体提供了可靠的技术保障。     

超载条件下混合式基层沥青路面层底拉应力研究

分析半刚性基层的缺点,提出混合式基层沥青路面结构,并给出超载条件下轴载计算参数。采用Bisar3.0软件,计算在完全连续、部分连续和完全光滑三种界面条件下混合式基层沥青路面各结构层层底拉应力。结果表明,在完全连续条件下沥青层不会产生拉应力,路面内部拉应力最大值出现在半刚性基层底部;当沥青层与半刚性基层之间的接触条件由完全连续向完全光滑转变时,沥青层层底和半刚性基层层底的拉应力逐渐增大;在三种界面条件下,沥青面层表面轮隙中心处都出现较大的拉应力。     

一种机器人动态摄录的减震辅助结构设计

为优化机器人在运动或转动时产生抖动现象导致摄录图像的降质.本文提出了一种防抖减震的辅助结构设计,一方面增设减震器以提升系统的成像质量,另一方面辅助结构可以提升减震器的工作性能和使用寿命.结构通过拉链和支撑杆固定减震器,以减小抖动对减震器工作稳定性的影响,并通过弹簧缓冲和抵消外抖动,以有效避免因抖动应力引起的减震器损坏,从而延长减震器使用寿命.在实际使用中具有较为不错的效果.     

工艺数字化产品售后工艺服务子系统

阐明了面向产品全生命周期的工艺数字化系统和售后工艺服务于系统的重要意义，提供了售后工艺服务子系统模型，并讨论了产品使用与保养，故障诊断，折装与维修，报废与回收等方面的相关工艺工作及其管理问题。     

桥梁预应力管道注浆质量无损检测技术——模型设计研究

为了验证无损检测方法和仪器的准确性,在检测模型设计制作的过程中,提出了新的缺陷设置方法．在不填充其他物品的情况下,制作出存在一定长度和体积缺陷的大比例模型．检测人员使用冲击回波法进行检测,检测结果表明：冲击回波法对缺陷的敏感度较高,具有较强的定位测量能力,但定量测量能力不足,致使缺陷的修补工作无法有效地进行．这也证明了该模型拥有较好的验证能力．