MR IMAGING OF THE PANCREAS

Objective To evaluate the ability of showing the pancreatic diseases on various MRI sequences. Methods Eighty-four subjects included 50 normal individuals and 34 patients(22 patients investigated for pancreatic neoplasia and 12 pancreatitis) were presented. The MR protocol included conventional SE T1WI, FSE T2WI, Pre-and post-contrast T1-weighted fat-suppressed and GRE imaging. Results The best diagnostic information was provided by T1-weighted fatsuppressed imaging before and after gadolinium enhancement on 27 of 34 cases with abnormal pan creas, followed by immediately postcontrast GRE images. Precontrast GRE imaging better showed the features of a cute pancreatitis. FSE T2WI obviously exhibited islet cell tumor and metastases of liver from pancreatic adenocarcino ma. Conclusion The standard MR protocol included T1-weighted fat-suppressed image and dynamic GRE imaging.     

地塞米松对重症急性胰腺炎胰腺细胞凋亡的影响

目的　探讨地塞米松对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎胰腺细胞凋亡及凋亡调控基因bax蛋白表达的影响。方法　 3 2只SD大鼠以 40g·L-1牛磺胆酸钠诱导建立急性胰腺炎模型 ,随机分为治疗组和非治疗组各 16只 ,对照组 6只。各组术后 6h、12h分别行TUNEL法染色检测胰腺细胞凋亡 ,免疫组化SP法检测胰腺组织中bax蛋白的表达。结果　治疗组大鼠 12h生存率明显高于非治疗组。HE染色显示治疗组胰腺组织炎症较非治疗组明显减轻。TUNEL染色显示治疗组 6h、12h胰腺细胞凋亡指数明显高于非治疗组 (P <0 .0 1)。免疫组化显示bax基因蛋白表达治疗组 6h、12h表达阳性率显著高于非治疗组 (P <0 .0 1) ,正常胰腺组织未见bax基因蛋白表达。结论　地塞米松治疗急性胰腺炎的机制可能与通过诱导胰腺细胞凋亡有关。     

主动脉夹层在磁共振T1W/TFE脉冲序列中的影像表现

目的　用T1W /TFE序列对主动脉夹层进行检查 ,观察主动脉夹层在T1W/TFE序列中的图像表现。方法　 2 0例经CT及超声证实为胸主动脉夹层的患者 ,进行主动脉斜矢状位T1W /TFE序列和横轴位自旋回波SE序列的磁共振成像 ,观察T1W /TFE序列显示动脉夹层的信号变化。结果　采用T1W /TFE序列不仅可清晰显示主动脉夹层的内膜斑片和真假两腔及夹层的起点和终点 ,还可显示主动脉内膜破口和假腔内血栓。结论　T1W/TFE序列可获得良好的主动脉夹层影像 ,其图像的对比度高。与SE序列配合应用 ,能为临床治疗提供可靠的信息。     

实验性大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎合并肺损伤TXB_2/PGF_(1α)平衡的变化

采用胰腺被膜下注射5％牛磺胆酸钠复制急性坏死性胰腺炎合并肺损伤模型。用放射免疫方法测定血浆和肺组织的TXB2（ThromboxaneB2）、6-Keto－PGF1α（6-Ke－to－prostagland1α）水平。结果显示：随着肺损伤程度加重，血浆和肺组织的TXB2（血栓素B2）值明显升高，6-Keto－PGF1α（6-酮-前列环素1α）变化不明显，TXB2／6-Keto－PGF1α比值显著升高，表明TXB2／6-Keto－PGF1α平衡的改变可能是急性坏死性胰腺炎并发肺损伤的主要作用机制之一。     

肺间质性病变中肺血管损害的MRI表现和病理对照观察

通过肺间质性病变的动物模型，对肺血管损害的情况进行了MRI和病理学的对照研究。发现在肺间质病变中，MRI表现为T1WI肺血管走行僵直，边缘模糊不清，呈中等稍低的信号阴影。T2WI肺血管周围有边缘不清、模糊的中等偏高信号阴影。其病理学主要表现为肺血管壁结构疏松、水肿，有少许纤维组织增生。肺血管周围的肺间质充血、水肿。肺泡内充满了浆液性渗出，炎细胞浸润。作者认为MRI检查对于相对早期的肺间质性病变中，有关肺血管损害或肺实质损害的观察，不失为一种可行的方法。     

Phospholipase A2 changes and its significance on brain tissue of rat in severe acute pancreatitis

Objective To survey changes and the significance of phospholipase .42 （PLA2） on brain tissue of SD rat in acute pancreatitis. Methods With retrograde injection of 3% taurocholate sodium into pancreatic and biliary duct, rat model of severe acute pancreatitis （SAP） was made, and it included four groups： the control group, the shamoperation group, the SAP group and the PLA2 inhibitor-treated group of SAP. Serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue were measured and the brain tissue changes were observed. Results There were no significant difference in serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue between the sham-operation and the control groups; the levels of serum amylases, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue in the SAP group were higher than those in the control. In the SAP group expansion and hemorrhage of meninges, intracephalic arteriolar hyperemia, in meninges and cephalic-parenchyma infiltration of inflammatory cells and interval broaden were observed, significant differences were found between two groups. Compared with the SAP group, the level of serum amylase, PLA2 and PLA2 in brain tissue were reduced significantly in the treatment group of SAP. Pathological damages in the treatment group were significantly reduced when compared with the SAP group. Conclusion PLA2 might play an important role in brain tissue damages in severe acute pancreatitis.     

白藜芦醇治疗重症急性胰腺炎的实验研究

目的　探讨白藜芦醇对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎炎症介质的作用。方法　应用逆行胰胆管穿刺注射牛黄胆酸钠制备重症急性胰腺炎大鼠模型。90 只大鼠随机分为假手术组、重症急性胰腺炎模型组(SAP)、白藜芦醇治疗组I(RES1,5mg/kg)、白藜芦醇治疗组II(RES2,10mg/kg)、白藜芦醇治疗组III(RES3,20mg/kg)等5 组,每组18 只。术后3、6、12h各剖杀6只,观察重症急性胰腺炎大鼠模型腹水的性质、量,测定血清肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素6 的水平,观察治疗组和模型组生存率的变化。结果　白藜芦醇治疗组与重症急性胰腺炎模型组相比,血清中肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素6的水平明显下降,死亡率降低,腹水量减少(P<0.05)。结论　白藜芦醇降低重症急性胰腺炎大鼠死亡率,减少腹水量可能与抑制血清肿瘤坏死因子及白细胞介素6的水平有关。     

肝移植术后并发症的影像学诊断

目的系统分析肝移植术后正常及常见并发症的影像学表现。方法使用Philips Secura螺旋CT扫描仪对50例肝移植术后患者进行检查,CT扫描范围自膈顶至腰3椎体下缘水平,对比剂1.3mL/kg体质量,注药流率2.5mL/s,延迟时间30、60、120s。对拔除T管后出现胆管并发症患者使用Philips Gyroscan NT1.5T磁共振扫描仪检查。使用GE Advance Lp/Lc数字血管造影机,经股动脉穿刺进行肝动脉造影。结果27例肝移植术后患者出现移植肝下积液及右侧胸腔积液,门静脉伴行影像4例,肝动脉吻合口狭窄2例,肝动脉血栓1例,门静脉吻合口狭窄2例,胆管吻合口部位狭窄1例,非吻合口狭窄3例,胆瘘4例,肿瘤复发4例。结论CT、磁共振胆道水成像(MRCP)和数字减影(DSA)可以清晰显示肝移植术后血管、胆管并发症及其他少见并发症。     

大鼠移植性肝癌MRI信号特征与定量分析

通过对Ｗａｌｋｅｒ２５６移植性肝癌的动物模型的ＭＲＩ图像信号以及Ｔ１值、Ｔ２值的测定分析，提出了在０．３５Ｔ磁场强度下大鼠移植性肝癌ＭＲＩ信号定量分析的模式和意义。提出：（１）大鼠移植瘤的Ｔ１值与正常肝组织Ｔ１值有较大重叠，诊断意义不大；（２）移植瘤Ｔ２值与正常厅组织Ｔ２值无重叠有诊断意义；（３）移植瘤Ｔ２ＷＩ－ＳＩＲ值亦具有诊断意义。建议各种不同磁场强度的机器可建立自己的定量分析标准。     

基于敏感编码技术磁共振水成像在胃肠道检查中的应用

目的探讨基于敏感编码(SENSE)技术单次激发放射状水成像技术对正常胃肠道解剖结构的显示能力,为水成像技术诊断胃肠道疾病提供正常解剖学基础,并探讨胃肠道疾病的影像学诊断新方法。方法健康自愿者共30例,其中男性19例,女性11例,年龄20-50岁,中位年龄35岁。检查前60 min口服饮用水1 000-1 500 mL,检查前20 min再口服500 mL,扫描前10 min肌注654-2 10 mg。MR水成像(MRH)检查使用PhilipsGyroscan Intera 1.5T超导型MRI,采用SENSE技术相匹配的相控阵线圈及呼吸门控,行单次激发放射状快速自旋回波序列进行胃肠道水成像检查。结果30例均能接受此检查,检查成功率100%。30例水成像图像经盲法评价,优良图像占93%,差图像占7%。其中胃显示率65%,胃黏膜显示清楚占80%;十二指肠显示率80%,空肠显示率59%,空肠直径2-2.5 cm,回肠显示率21%,回肠直径1.5-2.5 cm,小肠黏膜清楚显示占67%;结肠显示率10%,结肠黏膜清楚显示占6%。结论基于SENSE技术单次激发放射状水成像技术对胃、十二指肠及空肠轮廓和黏膜皱襞显示较为清楚,对回肠及结肠轮廓和黏膜皱襞显示较差。单次激发放射状水成像技术结合常规腹部MR检查可以清楚、方便地显示胃肠道的解剖特点,是胃肠道影像学检查的一种新的可供选择的方法。     

白藜芦醇对大鼠重症急性胰腺炎肠黏膜细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇对试验性大鼠重症急性胰腺炎肠黏膜细胞凋亡及凋亡调控基因Bax蛋白表达的影响。方法54只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(sham operation group,SO)、模型组(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)、治疗组(resveratrol-treated group,RES)。假手术组于开腹翻动十二指肠后关腹,模型组以40 g/L牛磺胆酸钠1 mL/kg胰胆管逆行注射制造重症急性胰腺炎模型。治疗组制模后立即于阴茎背静脉注射等剂量白藜芦醇(5 mg/mL1、0 mg/kg)。于3、61、2 h 3个时间点各剖杀6只大鼠。TUNEL法检测肠黏膜上皮细胞凋亡,免疫组化法检测小肠组织中Bax蛋白的表达。结果治疗组3、6、12 h肠黏膜细胞凋亡指数明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。治疗组各时间点Bax蛋白表达阳性率显著低于模型组(P<0.01)。结论白藜芦醇可通过抑制肠黏膜上皮细胞的凋亡,维持肠黏膜屏障的完整性,从而防止了急性重症胰腺炎细菌和毒素的移居。     

siRNA directed against TrkA sensitizes human pancreatic cancer cells to apoptosis induced by gemcitabine through an inactivation of PI3K/Akt-dependent pathway

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease.Despite sig-nificant advances in diagnosis,staging,and surgicalmanagement of the disease,less than10%of pa-tients survive for more than one year fromthe ti meof diagnosis[1-2].The largely refractory response tochemotherapy is a common feature of this disease,and eventhe principal therapeutic agent,the nucleo-side analogue gemcitabine(2′,2′-difluorodeoxycyt-idine),only marginally affects clinical outcomes[3].Therefore,further understanding of the chemores…     

Spectral entropy analysis of different alpha band rhythms in relation to hand motor imagery

The event-related desynchronization/synchronization(ERD/ERS) time courses of lower and upper alpha band rhythms during hand motor imagery are investigated respectively by Fourier Sectral Entropy (FSE) in this paper. By analyzing one group of BCI competition data, it was found that FSE within upper alpha band displays a pronounced increase and decrease over contralateral and ipsilaterai brain areas respectively at the onset of hand motor imagery, which is corresponding to the antagonistic ERD/ERS patterns in previous studies. Different from the upper alpha activity pattern, FSE within lower alpha band displays a consistent increase over both two hemispheres hand representative areas. The preliminary results show that FSE could disclose the different behaviors of the upper and lower alpha band rhythms so that a new idea with the complexity measure is provided to characterize functional dissociation of lower and upper frequency alpha rhythms in relation to hand motor imagery.     

成人脂肪源Flk1~+CD31~-CD34~-细胞体外定向诱导分化为胰岛样细胞

目的体外定向诱导成人脂肪源Flk1+CD31-CD34-细胞向胰岛样细胞分化。方法首先将成人脂肪源Flk1+CD31-CD34-细胞培养在含适当浓度的B27、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)及表皮生长因子(EGF)的培养基中诱导,接着更换诱导培养基,用含适当浓度的β细胞调节素、尼克酰胺等高糖无血清培养基诱导细胞向胰岛样细胞分化。用RT-PCR法检测诱导前后nestin、ngn3、胰岛素启动子因子1(IPF-1)、胰岛素及胰高血糖素基因的表达;免疫荧光染色法检测诱导前后nestin、胰岛素及胰高血糖素的表达;放射免疫分析法检测诱导前后细胞分泌胰岛素情况。结果成人脂肪源Flk1+CD31-CD34-细胞经第一阶段的诱导后可分化成nestin阳性的祖细胞,继续诱导6 d后变圆的细胞逐渐增多,并最终聚集成团。免疫荧光实验证明经诱导后的细胞表达胰岛素、胰高血糖素、生长抑素等内分泌激素;放免分析结果表明,诱导的胰岛样细胞团可以分泌胰岛素。结论成人脂肪源Flk1+CD31-CD34-细胞具有胰腺干祖细胞的固有特征,极有可能作为种子细胞用糖尿病的细胞治疗。     

复方丹参注射液对大鼠急性胰腺炎的预防作用

本文报道了丹参注射液在大鼠急性胰腺炎模型中对胰腺组织的保护作用,复方丹参注射液能明显减轻实验大鼠胰腺的出血及坏死程度,降低大鼠的死亡率。血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的检测结果:丹参保护组较急性胰腺炎(AP)组SOD的含量明显降低。提示丹参注射液通过改善胰腺的微循环,提高胰腺组织对缺氧的耐受性,减少氧自由基的产生,而最终减轻胰腺的病变程度。     

武当武术节对十堰市旅游业的影响

阐述了节事旅游的界定,分析了武当武术节对十堰市旅游业产生的正反两方面的影响,对十堰市未来发展节事旅游提出了一些合理化建议。     

脑转移瘤的磁共振诊断

目的 评价核磁共振成像在脑转移瘤中的诊断价值。方法 经临床证实的脑转移瘤34例,行MRI平扫及增强扫描,分析其影像表现。结果 MRI平扫1例正常,33例共发现病灶178个,呈略长T1长T2信号,约半数有囊变,少数合并出血;GdDTPA增强扫描,34例共发现病灶245个,呈结节状或环形明显强化。结论 磁共振增强扫描是诊断脑转移瘤的最佳方法。     

MR相位对比脉冲序列在胸部血管成像中的应用

目的　探讨MR相位对比脉冲序列在胸部血管成像中的应用价值。方法　选取正常健康志愿者 10例 ,其中男5例、女 5例 ,应用PhilipsGyroscanNT 1.5T磁共振成像仪 ,采用 2D QF序列在垂直于降主动脉、肺动脉干、上腔静脉和右肺上叶动脉长轴走行的方向上进行单层扫描。结果　通过MR相位对比脉冲序列扫描 ,分别获得各血管的模数图和相位图。模数图中 ,各血管断面为圆形 ,呈现为高信号影 ;相位图中 ,血管内实际血流速度与流速编码方向一致时 ,呈现为亮信号影 ,与流速编码方向相反时 ,呈现为暗信号影。结论　采用MR相位对比脉冲序列扫描 ,不仅可以对较大动脉进行成像 ,而且对于静脉和较细小的动脉亦可获得高质量的图像 ,运用流动分析软件即可进行血流动力学方面的测量和研究     

THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CRUDE BILE ON HUMAN PANCREATIC CANCER CELL LINES

Thebileacidswereconfirmedasnonspecificcytotoxicsubstanceswhichplayveryimportantro1einpathophysiologyofextrahepaticcholesta-sis[la.Invitrostudieshadprovedthatthebileacidscouldcausechronicandacuteinjuryofpancreaticductalepitheliumactingasaninitiatorofpancre-atitist2i.Thepancreaticcancerisamajorworld-widepublichealthproblernandremainsasignifi-cantclinica1challenge.Atthetimeofdiagnosis,about7o%ofpancreaticcancerpatientsmanifestobstructivejaundicewhichcanresultinprogressiveliverdysfunctionandculmin…