Reliability Prediction Method Based on State Space Model for Rolling Element Bearing

Reliability analysis based on equipment’s performance degradation characteristics is one of the significant research areas in reliability research. Nowadays, many researches are carried on multi-sample analysis. But it is limited for a single equipment reliability prediction. Therefore, the method of reliability prediction based on state space model(SSM) is proposed in this research. Feature energy of the monitored signals is extracted with the wavelet packet analysis and the associated frequency band energy with online monitored data. Then,degradation feature is improved by moving average filtering processing taken as input pair model parameter of SSM to be estimated. In the end, state space predicting model of degradation index is established. The probability density distribution of the degradation index is predicted, and the degree of reliability is calculated. A real testing example of bearing is used to demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of this method. It is a useful method for single sample reliability prediction.     

小波变换在输电塔结构损伤位置识别中的应用

采用小波变换极大值在多尺度上的变换规律表征信号突变点的性质,从而确定信号有无奇异点并确定其位置,进而对等截面悬臂梁进行损伤位置识别。然后将该小波变换方法应用于大型输电铁塔的损伤位置识别。考虑到对大型结构施加荷载和监测变形曲线较为困难,提出了利用环境激励下的加速度响应沿高度变化的曲线作为基本信息进行小波变换的识别方法。结果表明,该方法能有效地识别沿高度刚度均匀分布或渐变的高耸格构式塔架的损伤位置,对存在刚度突变的塔架无法有效地识别刚度突变处的损伤。     

Reliability Modeling and Maintenance Policy Optimization for Deteriorating System Under Random Shock

Performance degradation and random shock are commonly regarded as two dependent competing risks for system failures. One method based on effective service age is proposed to jointly model the cumulative effect of random shock and system degradation, and the reliability model of degradation system under Nonhomogeneous Poisson processes (NHPP) shocks is derived. Under the assumption that preventive maintenance (PM) is imperfective and the corrective maintenance (CM) is minimal repair, one maintenance policy which combines PM and CM is presented. Moreover, the two decision variables, PM interval and the number of PMs before replacement, are determined by a multi-objective maintenance optimization method which simultaneously maximizes the system availability and minimizes the system long-run expect cost rate. Finally, the performance of the proposed maintenance optimization policy is demonstrated via a numerical example.     

基于相空间重构的冻土路基变形预测

应用最大Lyapunov指数预测多年冻土路基变形,分析冻土路基变形的相空间重构方法和不同延迟时间及嵌入维数对最大Lyapunov指数的影响。发现当延迟时间为1,嵌入维数为5时,最大Lyapunov指数趋于稳定,其值为0．00528。运用该指数,进行冻土路基变形预测,比较预测变形量和实测变形量,得到最大相对误差为0．749％,最小为0．135％。结果表明最大Lyapunov指数能够较好地反映冻土路基变形的混沌特征,利用其进行冻土路基变形预测是可行的。     

Numerical simulation to reliability analysis of fault-tolerant repairable system

In the traditional method for the reliability analysis of fault-tolerant system, the system structure is described by means of binary decision diagram (BDD) and Markov process, and then the reliability indexes are calculated. However, as the size of system augments, the size of state space will increase exponentially. Additionally, Markov approach requires that the failure and repair time of the components obey an exponential distribution. In this study, by combining dynamic fault tree (DFT) and numerical simulation based on the minimal sequence cut set (MSCS), a new method to evaluate reliability of fault-tolerant system with repairable components is proposed. The method presented does not depend on Markov model, so that it can effectively solve the problem of the state-space combination explosion. Moreover, it is suitable for systems whose failure and repair time obey an arbitrary distribution. Therefore, our method is more flexible than the traditional method. At last, an example is given to verify the method.     

Experimental study on frictional and sealing performances of packing rings in an oil-free gas compressor

To enhance the reliability and to extend service life of packing rings, tribological and sealing performances are investigated based on the experimental results. Friction force, leakage rate and power consumption of three materials of pressure packing seals are measured in a refitted vertical gas compressor. The rings are made of common filled polytetrafluroethylene (Filled PTFE), PTFE reinforced with 30% mass fraction carbon fiber (30%CF+PTFE), and carbon-carbon composites infiltrated with PTFE (C/C+PTFE), respectively. It is found that packing rings will periodically vibrate with the periodic vibration of pressure packing after the travel direction of motion abruptly turns to the reverse direction. Furthermore, the amplitude of vibration slows down with the increasing crank angle. Approximate value of friction force is available by multiple-point fast Fourier transformation (FFT) employed to process the experimental results by reducing the impact of vibration to a great extent. Of three materials of rings employed in experiments, Filled PTFE presents minimal leakage rate accompanied with maximum power consumption. And 30%CF+PTFE exhibits minimum friction power and moderate leakage rate. As for C/C+PTFE, its high mechanical and thermal properties are favorable factors to enhance the ability of operating under high pressure and velocity and to improve the wear resistance. Unfortunately, this also leads to a large leakage rate. Comprehensive consideration should be taken into to evaluate the availability, reliability and service life for a type of packing ring under dry running conditions.     

Support vector regression based color image restoration in YUV color space

A support vector regression(SVR) based color image restoration algorithm is proposed.The test color images are firstly mapped into the YUV color space,and then SVR is applied to build up a theoretical model between the degraded images and the original one.Performance comparisons of the proposed algorithm versus traditional filtering algorithms are given.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than traditional filtering algorithms and has less computation time than iterat...     

橡胶改性沥青及混合料路用性能研究

制备了普通橡胶沥青与脱硫橡胶沥青,并对不同掺量的两种橡胶改性沥青进行性能对比,最后选择合适的胶粉掺量进行了橡胶改性沥青混合料路用性能的评价.研究表明:经过高速剪切工艺,大颗粒的脱硫橡胶颗粒在沥青里大多分散成无明显颗粒的细小物质,而普通橡胶粉剪切后基本保持原有颗粒核心;与普通橡胶沥青相比,脱硫橡胶沥青的高温粘度低,但其他性能指标大多不如普通橡胶沥青;胶粉掺量的增加对普通橡胶沥青性能提升明显,而对脱硫橡胶沥青性能影响较小.     

PLC在皮带传输系统中的应用

在分析皮带传输系统的工艺流程、控制需求的基础上,给出了基于美国AB公司Control Logix5555 Controller CPU的皮带传输系统的解决方案。该方案对传统人工操作的皮带传输系统进行改造,采用自动、手动两种控制模式,并对系统的运行温度、皮带的跑偏情况进行实时监控,大大提高了传统皮带传输系统的工作效率和可靠性。     

基于Rao-Blackwellised粒子滤波的岩石声发射信号去噪

针对声发射数据采集过程易受随机噪声干扰,提出了Rao—Blackwellised粒子滤波的信号降噪方法。在地震波模型的基础上,建立了声发射信号的状态空间模型。由于两者在某些方面有相通性,从而把降噪问题转为在状态空间模型下的滤波问题。首先,通过对构造信号的仿真实验,验证Rao—Black—wellised粒子滤波能够用于信号滤波;其次,利用Rao—Blackwellised粒子滤波,对石灰岩声发射信号进行降噪处理,并取得较好的滤波效果,从而为处理声发射数据提供一条新途径。     

高速列车传动系可靠性的外部影响因素评估

为研究除自身构件外的外部影响因素对高速列车传动系可靠性的影响,以现役CHR3型高速列车为研究对象,基于FID （fuzzy influence diagram）理论,对影响高速列车传动系统可靠性的外部因素进行评估分析. 首先通过业内权威专家问卷,建立外部影响因素的FID频率模糊集、状态模糊集和模糊关系,并构建影响传动系统可靠性的FID关系层、数值层及函数层;其次依据模糊集合理论对人员、基础设施、环境、维修、管理等外部影响因素的频率矩阵进行计算;最后得出各项外部影响因素的状态降低及提高的累积概率. 研究结果表明:人员状况和管理水平的状态降低的累积概率分别为39.9%、42.5%,两项因素在保持当前状态基础上累积提高30%的概率分别为77.6%和90.9%,并且二者的累计概率分布与该型传动系的可靠性概率分布相近,说明人员和管理状况为首要影响因素,其他因素次之.      

Flash格式教学视频制作

教学视频是一种重要的教学资源,通常教学视频文件往往存在存储空间大,不便于网络传输等问题。文中在介绍Flash视频的基础上,分析了Flash视频适用性广、交互性强、压缩率高等特点,并介绍了使用Flash、Premiere和AfterEffects等软件制作Flash视频的方法。     

超宽带脉冲无线传输

超宽带无线技术包括基带脉冲传输方式和带通载波调制传输方式两大类。脉冲传输是把信息调制在离散脉冲信号上发射,带通载波调制传输是把信息调制在正弦载波上发射。超宽带无线系统主要采用基带脉冲传输技术,具有高空间频谱效率、高测距精度、低功耗、低成本、小体积等诸多优点和潜力。     

烧结机破碎齿耐磨堆焊层的金相分析

烧结机破碎辊的单(双)齿是承受高温冲击磨损的工件.本文对其堆焊层的金相组织、高温性能及抗磨性进行了测试与分析,采用高温金相、透射电镜、电子探针等检测手段,查明了堆焊层的组织构造.通过微区成分分析证实骨络状组织为 Fe4(Cr,Mo)2C型复合碳化物.文中还对自行研制的 L2型高温耐磨堆焊焊条堆焊层的组织性能进行了分析,证实其性能完全满足烧络机单(双)齿辊的技术要求.     

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结合传统数据通信网络的QoS保障机制研究成果及无线传感器网络自身特点,针对青藏冻土地温自动监测的应用特点,提出能量的高效利用、数据的可靠传输和网络生存周期的有效延长是其QoS保障的主要需求和关键点。并以此关键点为目标,研究了青藏冻土地温监测的无线传感器网络QoS保障机制的能量优化策略,提出了非均匀分簇路由算法并进行了深入分析。最后,通过仿真验证及在青藏冻土地温自动监测的试点应用,验证非均匀分簇路由算法能有效提高网络的生命周期和数据传输可靠性。研究成果将为建立无线传感器网络相关应用系统提供理论支撑和模型参考。     

串联半桥式场效应管弧焊逆变器可靠性分析

在建立了串联半桥式场效应晶体管弧焊逆变器主回路工作过程数学模型的基础上，讨论了电路主要参数对逆变器工作过程及其可靠性的影响，指出了弧焊逆变器设计中应注意的问题。     

接触导线拉出值超限检测系统

介绍了在安装在电气化铁路运营电力机车上的接触导线拉出值超限检测装置。在该系统中利用了光电检测技术，并采用反射式红外光电开关作为拉出值超限检测传感器。空气隔离的光信号传递方式有效解决了高低电压隔离和信号传输问题。经实际运行证明，该检测装置抗干扰能力强，工作稳定可靠，检测结果准确。     

线性规划问题的一解双优性

本文研究了线性规划问题的目标函数与约束条件互换的问题,给出了一解双优的结论.即:若目标函数在X~((h))点取得最大值c.且约束条件过X~((h))点,当二者互换后,得新规划问题的目标函数在X~((h))点必取得最小值b_k:反之,若原目标函数在X~((h))点取得最小值c.则互换后,新的目标函数在X~((h))点必取得最大值b_k.     

基于Petri网的网络最小费用最大流算法

将Petri网方法应用于求解网络的最小费用最大流问题,提出费用Petri网的定义,设计费用Petri网的变迁使能规则并提出求解最小费用最大流问题的Petri网算法.与以往的算法不同,该算法通过对库所进行标号寻找变迁的触发序列,并在该序列上增流.最后举例说明算法的应用.     

退火温度对化学水浴沉积CdS薄膜性能的影响

采用化学水浴沉积法(CBD)制备了CdS薄膜,用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、分光光度计进行检测.研究了退火温度对CdS薄膜表面形貌、成分、晶体结构和光学性能的影响.研究表明,CdS薄膜为微晶或是非晶态,S/Cd原子比在0.8左右,可见光透过率较高;随着退火温度的升高,薄膜结晶明显,但是透光率下降,禁带宽度范围在2.42～2.59eV之间.