加速工况下铝合金高速动车组车体服役性能评估

根据EN12663标准中的疲劳载荷要求和车辆运行时启动,匀速运行,制动和出入库的在线实测加速度载荷谱,通过车体的实测应变信息,反求获得车体在线路上运行时的真实载荷谱.结合材料、结构疲劳试验以及无损探伤检测,利用主S-N曲线法疲劳寿命评估平台结合迈纳尔损伤累计法则对车体系统残余寿命和服役性能进行了评估.通过数据分析得危险焊缝部件的设计寿命和抗疲劳性能可满足车体使用30年的标准要求,并验证主S-N曲线进行动车组车体焊接接头疲劳寿命评估方法的可靠性和准确性.     

铝合金车体疲劳寿命预测新方法及其应用

针对铝合金车体的广泛应用,从可靠性的要求出发,引进了一种可以对铝合金车体焊缝的疲劳寿命进行预测的新方法——主S-N曲线法,该法已经列为美国ASME标准,可以有效的解决焊缝疲劳寿命问题.基于有限元模型,提出了车体虚拟疲劳试验的概念(VFT),即从EN12663标准中获取车体振动加速度,从有限元模型中获取应力,然后基于主S-N曲线的参数计算车体焊缝上疲劳寿命.最后,通过一个工程实际问题,验证了这一方法对铝合金车体抗疲劳设计的有效性.     

铝合金车体疲劳寿命预测新方法及其应用

针对铝合金车体的广泛应用,从可靠性的要求出发,引进了一种可以对铝合金车体焊缝的疲劳寿命进行预测的新方法——主S-N曲线法,该法已经列为美国ASME标准,可以有效的解决焊缝疲劳寿命问题.基于有限元模型,提出了车体虚拟疲劳试验的概念（VFT）,即从EN12663标准中获取车体振动加速度,从有限元模型中获取应力,然后基于主S-N曲线的参数计算车体焊缝上疲劳寿命.最后,通过一个工程实际问题,验证了这一方法对铝合金车体抗疲劳设计的有效性.     

铁道货车转8A侧架可靠性疲劳寿命预测

采用可靠性疲劳寿命预测的方法代替传统的静强度安全因子保证强度裕度的方法,可以比较精确地计算侧架的实际服役寿命,找到疲劳薄弱部位,为侧架的设计提供参考建议.首先通过建立货车的多体系统动力学模型,得到了侧架的载荷-时间历程;采用试验得到的ZG230-450材料疲劳数据,建立了其分段S-N曲线;通过建立了侧架的有限元模型,得到其单位载荷下的应力分布;运用Palmgren-Miner线性损伤理论计算了侧架在不同可靠度下的疲劳寿命,计算结果与试验结果一致.     

焊接钢梁疲劳寿命及其参数研究

焊接钢构件的概率疲劳寿命曲线和概率裂纹扩展速率曲线是进行钢结构疲劳可靠性设计和服役期间剩余疲劳寿命可靠性评估所必须的。为了获得一些构件的概率曲线,对美国NCHRP研究机构所进行的大规模焊接钢梁疲劳试验结果进行再分析。通过原始数据的统计检验,得出了常见构件的全寿命概率分布。根据Paris公式及已有的结论,对原始数据进行推演再分析,获得了Paris公式中参数的概率分布。最后,给出了概率断裂力学方法预测焊接钢梁在给定可靠度下疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的算例。     

机械构件的疲劳寿命可靠性评定

机械构件的疲劳寿命是其可靠性的一个重要指标.对构件进行疲劳寿命可靠性评定并在此基础上进行优化设计(以疲劳寿命可靠性为目标函数)是一件值得探讨的工作.本文应用以概率论为基础的可靠性评定方法(以一典型的汽车构件为例)来分析机械构件的疲劳寿命可靠性,为在机械设计中引入概率论与随机过程等数学方法作了初步尝试.     

机械构件的疲劳寿命可靠性评定

机械构件的疲劳寿命是其可靠性的一个重要指标.对构件进行疲劳寿命可靠性评定并在此基础上进行优化设计(以疲劳寿命可靠性为目标函数)是一件值得探讨的工作.本文应用以概率论为基础的可靠性评定方法(以一典型的汽车构件为例)来分析机械构件的疲劳寿命可靠性,为在机械设计中引入概率论与随机过程等数学方法作了初步尝试.     

基于K-S检验法和ALTA的IGBT模块可靠性寿命分布研究

为了获得绝缘栅双极晶体管(insulated gate bipolar transistor,IGBT)的寿命信息及确定其寿命分布,提出了一种利用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验法和加速寿命测试数据分析软件(accelerated life testing dataanalysissoftware,ALTA)对其加速寿命试验数据进行研究的新方法。该方法首先对IGBT模块寿命做对数正态分布假设,然后利用K-S检验法对一组IGBT加速寿命数据进行Weibull、对数正态等分布检验对比分析,进而利用ALTA对另一组IGBT加速寿命数据进行仿真分析,结果表明在阿伦尼斯(Arrhenius)加速模型下,IGBT模块寿命服从对数正态分布。该方法使得快速估算IGBT模块寿命成为可能。     

寿命周期费用与可靠性关系模型分析研究

在武器装备研制决策中，可靠性和寿命周期费用是两个重要的决策要素．通过对影响和受制于可靠性的寿命周期费用要素进行分析，建立了可靠性和寿命周期费用之间关系的数学模型；在引入可靠性增长模型和资金时间价值后，建立了二者目标优化模型；利用优化模型进行了决策分析研究．对最佳可靠性指标的论证及确定可靠性增长时间具有实际指导意义．     

基于结构仿真的振动夹具校核与疲劳寿命预估

动车组和城轨车辆车体下部安装的电气装置种类繁多,结构尺寸各异,导致振动试验夹具的设计工作量大,设计开发适用范围广的通用型夹具具有重大意义.以某通用型夹具为研究对象,对夹具和被试设备综合进行模态、瞬态动力学和随机振动疲劳分析,仿真结果表明可以对夹具进行校核和疲劳寿命预估.研究方法与结果可为夹具的设计和振动试验结果评价提供理论依据.     

Constant-Step Stress Accelerated Life Test of VFD under Logarithmic Normal Distribution Case

IntroductionVacuum Fluorescent Display(VFD)is nowwidely used in many fields,such as household elec-tric appliance,instruments and meters,communi-cation device,OA,and so on[1].The VFD acceler-ated life test is urgently needed for rapid life esti-mation because of the rival market and the quicklydesigned speed.To the author's knowledge,so farthere are no research reports on VFD acceleratedlife test by logarithmic normal distribution.In view of merits of the step-stress acceleratedlife test…     

电控高压共轨喷油器密封件可靠性分析

利用有限元技术对一种自行设计的电控高压共轨喷油器的密封件进行了强度和可靠性的计算与分析.结果表明,密封件的密封性能取决于燃油压力、密封件自身的材料物理性能、喷油器体与栓塞套间的径向间隙及两者间的偏心度,其中以燃油压力最为重要.     

CRH3动车组轮缘润滑系统可靠性分析

将GO法引入到CRH3动车组轮缘润滑系统可靠性分析中.根据轮缘润滑系统的结构原理图构建GO图模型,基于GO法的运算规则及GO法状态概率公式对轮缘润滑系统进行可靠性定量计算,并对其可靠性做出评估.分析计算结果表明该方法可为轮缘润滑系统的可靠性分析和评价提供了科学的量化根据,并为类似系统的可靠性分析提供参考.     

Comparison analysis of efficiency between double-synchronous step-down-stress and step-up-stress accelerated life tests

Double-crossed-step-stress (DCSS) accelerated life test (ALT) method is widely used for estimating the lifetime of products with high reliability and long lifetime. In order to further reduce the test time and test cost, a double-synchronous-step-stress (DSSS) ALT method which combines a double-synchronous-step-down-stress (DSSDS) ALT method and a double-synchronous-step-up-stress (DSSUS) ALT method is proposed. The accelerated stresses decrease and increase in a synchronous way with one step in the DSSDS-ALT and DSSUS-ALT methods, respectively. Monte Carlo method is adopted to simulate the two methods, and the validity and efficiency of them are demonstrated by the simulation results. In addition, a comparison analysis of efficiency between DSSDS-ALT method and DSSUS-ALT method is carried out. The result shows that the DSSDS-ALT method compared with the DSSUS-ALT method can significantly improve the test efficiency under the same test condition.     

管片衬砌可靠度分析实用方法研究

由于盾构隧道管片衬砌结构形式的特殊性,可靠度分析中仅采用截面承载力极限状态方程作为功能函数不够全面,故文中提出管片可靠度分析应采用双功能函数,即增选管片裂缝宽度控制方程作为第二功能函数.考虑到随机变量的非正态分布和功能函数的高度非线性,常规一次二阶矩法精度较低,提出采用映射变换和二次二阶矩相结合的方法进行管片衬砌可靠度分析.实例表明：双功能函数相互补充,可保证结构的安全可靠,映射变换和二次二阶矩结合分析法清晰简便,能较好地解决功能函数高度非线性、随机变量非正态分布等问题.     

Reliability Prediction Method Based on State Space Model for Rolling Element Bearing

Reliability analysis based on equipment’s performance degradation characteristics is one of the significant research areas in reliability research. Nowadays, many researches are carried on multi-sample analysis. But it is limited for a single equipment reliability prediction. Therefore, the method of reliability prediction based on state space model(SSM) is proposed in this research. Feature energy of the monitored signals is extracted with the wavelet packet analysis and the associated frequency band energy with online monitored data. Then,degradation feature is improved by moving average filtering processing taken as input pair model parameter of SSM to be estimated. In the end, state space predicting model of degradation index is established. The probability density distribution of the degradation index is predicted, and the degree of reliability is calculated. A real testing example of bearing is used to demonstrate the rationality and effectiveness of this method. It is a useful method for single sample reliability prediction.     

地震反应时程分析方法

分析地震工程中动力方程求解逐步积分方法中的线性加速度法、Newmark-β法、Wilson-θ法和中心差分法,明确指出这4种分析方法的优点和缺点以及它们各自的适用范围,并在此基础上合理选用数值逐步积分方法问题给出建议,为求解地震反应和结构抗震设计提供非常重要的参考依据。     

Reliability Analysis of Retracting Actuator with Multi-State Based on Goal Oriented Methodology

In order to conduct effective reliability analysis of retracting actuator with multi-state(success state,safety failure state and action failure state), we redefine type-3 operator in goal oriented(GO) method to describe three states of main charge of retracting actuator and improve type-15 operator in GO method to describe the logic relations of multi-state output. The quantitative and qualitative reliability analyses of retracting actuator are made based on GO method in this paper. The system state probability of retracting actuator is obtained through quantitative analysis, and its weakness is found through qualitative analysis. The analysis results show that GO method is effective to improve the reliability of retracting actuator, and this method is also feasible for reliability analysis of other complicated initiating explosive systems.     

基于二元决策图的系统可靠性模块分析方法

为了克服二元决策图方法分析故障树所存在的不足,提出了基于二元决策图的模块方法分析系统可靠性。采用线性时间算法将故障树分解成相互独立的子故障树,然后用二元决策图方法对子故障树进行分析,递归综合相互独立子故障树的求解结果,得出整个系统的可靠性。基于二元决策图的模块分析方法克服了故障树分析与二元决策图方法存在的不足,适用于大型、复杂系统的可靠性分析。     

Numerical simulation to reliability analysis of fault-tolerant repairable system

In the traditional method for the reliability analysis of fault-tolerant system, the system structure is described by means of binary decision diagram (BDD) and Markov process, and then the reliability indexes are calculated. However, as the size of system augments, the size of state space will increase exponentially. Additionally, Markov approach requires that the failure and repair time of the components obey an exponential distribution. In this study, by combining dynamic fault tree (DFT) and numerical simulation based on the minimal sequence cut set (MSCS), a new method to evaluate reliability of fault-tolerant system with repairable components is proposed. The method presented does not depend on Markov model, so that it can effectively solve the problem of the state-space combination explosion. Moreover, it is suitable for systems whose failure and repair time obey an arbitrary distribution. Therefore, our method is more flexible than the traditional method. At last, an example is given to verify the method.