Friction and cutting properties of hot-filament chemical vapor deposition micro- and fine-grained diamond coated silicon nitride inserts

The micro-crystalline diamond (MCD) and fine-grained diamond (FGD) films are deposited on commercial silicon nitride inserts by the hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method. The friction and cutting properties of as-deposited MCD and FGD films coated silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) inserts are comparatively investigated in this study. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy are adopted to study the characterization of the deposited diamond films. The friction tests are conducted on a ball-on-plate type reciprocating friction tester in ambient air using Co-cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co), Si₃N₄ and ball-bearing steel (BBS) balls as the mating materials of the diamond films. For sliding against WC-Co, Si₃N₄ and BBS, the FGD film presents lower friction coefficients than the MCD film. However, after sliding against Si₃N₄, the FGD film is subject to more severe wear than the MCD film. The cutting performance of as-deposited MCD and FGD coated Si₃N₄ inserts is examined in dry turning glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) composite materials, comparing with the uncoated Si₃N₄ insert. The results indicate that the lifetime of Si₃N₄ inserts can be prolonged by depositing the MCD or FGD film on them and the FGD coated insert shows longer cutting lifetime than the MCD coated one.     

钻削ZGMn13用改进刀具的性能实验研究

通过分析钻头的几何参数,对钻削ZGMn13所用的钻头的结构和切削部分参数的进行优化改进,并利用仿真的方法对钻头参数对钻削力的影响进行分析．同时,采用分组的方法,进行未做改进的和改进以后的钻头的钻削进行对比实验,分别从钻头的寿命及磨损情况和钻削力两个方面进行试验结果的对比与分析,得出改进后的钻头有较好的性能的结论．     

钻削力数学模型

本文从最简单的二元直角切削模型出发,根据理论、实验和经验三方面的综合,逐步建立了普通麻花钻钻削灰铸铁的钻削力数学模型。模型包含了钻头几何参数、切削用量、工作材料及钻头磨损各方面的因素,并经实验验证,证明其理论值与实验值基本吻合。     

Friction and wear performances of hot filament chemical vapor deposition multilayer diamond films coated on silicon carbide under water lubrication

Tribological properties of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond films greatly affect its application in the mechanical field. In this paper, a novel multilayer structure is proposed, with which multilayer diamond films are deposited on silicon carbide by hot filament CVD (HFCVD) method. The different micrometric diamond grains are produced by adjusting deposition parameters. The as-deposited multilayer diamond films are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and white-light interferometry. The friction tests performed on a reciprocating ball-on-plate tribometer suggest that silicon carbide presents the friction coefficient of 0.400 for dry sliding against silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) ceramic counterface. With the water lubrication, the corresponding friction coefficients of silicon carbide and as-deposited multilayer diamond films further reduce to 0.193 and 0.051, respectively. The worn surfaces indicate that multilayer diamond films exhibit considerably high wear resistance.     

TiN和TiC涂层车刀性能的试验分析

文章介绍了涂层刀具与未涂层刀具在切削加工中的性能比较及试验分析。从不重磨车刀的使用寿命、加工表面粗糙度等方面 ,来展开试验分析研究。     

Dry milling of the ultra-high-strength steel 30CrMnSiNi2A with coated carbide inserts

The ultra-high-strength steel (UHSS) plays an important role in the mechanical industry because of their special performances. The machinability of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel was studied in dry milling with two different coated tools in the present work. This paper introduced that 30CrMnSiNi2A steel was a kind of difficult-to-machine materials. The results showed that the cutting force components of feed direction and cutting width direction, i.e. F x and F y , increased slightly with increasing the cutting speed and feed rate. The values of axial force component F z were much larger than F x and F y , and increased obviously with increasing the milling speed. The workpiece surface had the minimum roughness at the cutting speed of 150 m/min. The physical vapor deposition (PVD) coated ((Ti, Al)N-TiN) insert was more suitable for machining 30CrMnSiNi2A steel than the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coated (Ti(C, N)-Al 2 O 3 ) insert. Moreover, the main failure modes of PVD-coated insert were micro-chipping and coating spalling. The wear modes of CVD-coated insert were ploughing, coating spalling, and cratering. The serious adhesive wear and the abrasion with some adhesion were the main wear mechanism of PVD- and CVD-coated inserts, respectively.     

点焊镀锌钢板时球形电极表面熔敷TiC涂层对电极失效的分析

利用SEM、EDX和XRD等方法分析了在点焊镀锌钢板时球形电极表面熔敷TiC涂层对电极失效的影响。结果表明:点焊镀锌钢板时,球形电极的失效机制,主要是电极和镀锌板之间局部焊接的断裂发生在电极表面而导致的电极磨损,以及电极和镀锌板表面的锌之间的合金化。表面涂敷TiC的CuCrZr电极的寿命(1200点)是CuCrZr电极寿命(500点)的2.4倍,表面处理能提高电极寿命的主要原因是,在点焊镀锌钢板时表面涂敷的TiC层能阻碍电极和镀锌板之间的局部焊接和阻碍电极和镀锌板表面的锌之间的合金化。     

不分散水泥砂浆在码头工程中的应用

水下旧护舷的拆除、新护舷螺杆孔的形成以及新护舷的安装等工作,可采用钢套箱形成干地进行施工,也可采用水下切割、水下钻孔和水下安装的工艺进行施工.结合工程实际,探讨水下不分散水泥砂浆的施工技术,并从技术与经济的角度分析水下不分散水泥砂浆在旧码头改造、维护工程中的应用前景.     

不分散水泥砂浆在码头工程中的应用

水下旧护舷的拆除、新护舷螺杆孔的形成以及新护舷的安装等工作,可采用钢套箱形成干地进行施工,也可采用水下切割、水下钻孔和水下安装的工艺进行施工.结合工程实际,探讨水下不分散水泥砂浆的施工技术,并从技术与经济的角度分析水下不分散水泥砂浆在旧码头改造、维护工程中的应用前景.     

隧道开挖中楔形掏槽施工技术研究

楔形掏槽是斜眼掏槽中较易掌握的掏槽方式,其适用性较强,施工进尺较大,目前凡手持风钻进行爆破开挖的爆破作业,大多采用此方式.楔形掏槽工作方法在实践中有进一步创新,如采用大角度大抵抗线、加大掏槽高度、加大掏槽深度、加大单孔装药量,加大掏槽炮孔同段装药量等,但在应用时需根据地质情况合理加以选用,否则会影响嗣岩稳定性.介绍了楔...     

南京长江隧道盾构刀具设计改进及工程应用研究

在建南京长江盾构隧道区间总长约2900m,双洞双线六车道设计,区间主要为粉细砂和砾砂地层,原刀具设计为一次掘进中途不换刀,但实际施工过程中刀具磨损失效严重。针对南京长江隧道原装刀具失效现状,从地质、刀具布置、选材、工艺等方面对失效原因进行了全面分析,在此基础设计了刀具改进方案：加大刀刃硬质合金断面尺寸和单块合金宽度,改进焊接工艺,优化掘进工作参数。工程实践表明：新改进刀具完全适应当前地质条件,换刀距离由改进前不足50环（100m）提高到普遍超过300环（600m）,工程经济效益明显。     

随钻易冲蚀部件定子转子流场分析

针对随钻仪器受钻井液冲蚀后造成钻井系统性能不稳定、寿命短的问题,研究了冲蚀与磨损机理.通过有限元方法,计算出易冲蚀部件定子和转子的流场分布、表面压力及钻井液流动速度.结果表明：钻井液对部件冲蚀严重的位置在壁面曲线曲率突然改变的地方及应力场变化率较大的地方,为随钻仪器设计、优化、修复提供理论依据.     

大孔径嵌岩桩的施工

阐述了采用冲击反循环钻机对直径为1.8 m的嵌岩桩的施工工艺。从钻机的选用。钻头的形式和处理方法,护筒的埋设到钻进过程中的注意事项,各项措施以及特殊情况的处理都作了详细论述。     

Numerical simulation on temperature and stress fields in beryllium during cutting process

The temperature and stress fields in beryllium during high speed cutting process were studied by employing a thermo-mechanically coupled finite element method (FEM). The results show that the temperatures in beryllium increase only a little during the cutting process. Both of the residual stresses for along and normal to the cutting direction are tensile stresses in the surface of beryllium after cutting. The cutting force and thrust force are about 280 and −250 kN/m at the steady stage, respectively. The main effects of coolant on the cutting process are to decrease the friction coefficient and heat between the tool and the workpiece, so to reduce the temperature, but almost no effects are made for stress. This study is helpful to enhance the understanding for stress formation and optimize the process parameters of beryllium.     

Research and application of non-clay low damage temporary bridging drilling/ completion fluids system

Following the basic theory of protecting gas-reservoirs from damage with the temporary bridging technology, inert calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles, whose diameter is consistent with the size of pores or apertures in the reservoir, were selected as the bridging agent, and modified resolvable starch was selected as filtration loss reducing particles to form the non-clay low damage temporary bridging drilling/completion fluids system (NLTDFS). Under the simulated condition of the well bottom during real drilling, NLTDFS was used to conduct dynamic and static damage experiments of cores for 48 hours, respectively, and then the experimented cores were permeated with pure nitrogen from the undamaged end to the damaged one to measure their recovery of permeability. The results showed that the permeability recovery rate of the core reached 90% or so, and the damaged depth was less than 1 cm, which demonstrates that NL TDFS has higher temporary bridging effectiveness and lower damage to the gas-reservoir than other drilling fluids system. NLTDFS has been used to drill many horizontal wells, and four of them have obtained high yield of natural gas. The yield of natural gas of LPl well reached 85 X 104 m3/day after completion with the rump pipe. The formation of the stable well wall and smooth drilling led to an API loss less than 4 mL and an HTHP loss less than 15 mL.     

潜孔钻配合旋挖钻在山区高速公路施工中的应用

结合工程实例,介绍潜孔钻配合旋挖钻的工艺流程:使用潜孔钻先对桩位进行预钻孔,将孔底坚硬岩体分割为较破碎的岩体,并用入岩旋挖钻再进行钻孔,以提高钻孔的进尺速率和功效。     

回旋钻机砾石土质钻孔施工工艺

回旋钻机砾石土质钻孔施工工艺可以在不更换钻机的情况下，通过改造钻头、选用大扭矩回旋钻机，处理回旋钻机钻孔施工中出现的含砾石量大、砾石粒径大的土层或较薄岩层，从而可提高生产效率、节约投资、保证进度。     

谈太阳桥钻孔灌注桩施工

详细论述了钻孔灌注桩在砂砾层上钻孔、成孔、浇筑过程中注意的几个施工要点。     

基于模糊综合评判的深厚粉细砂层灌注桩钻机选型

为了在深厚粉细砂层钻孔施工时,对常用灌注桩钻机进行合理优化组合,本文首先从成孔效率、成孔质量、成孔成本以及环境影响4个方面建立钻机比选指标体系,然后根据博弈论确定指标的组合权重,最后基于模糊综合评判理论建立钻机比选模型,应用于工程实例,探讨几种常用钻机在深厚粉细砂层中的选型问题。结果表明:该实例中,钻机选用应以正循环回转钻机为主,旋挖钻机和反循环回转钻机为辅,不考虑冲击钻的使用,并且在选用辅助钻机时,应优先考虑反循环钻机,与实际情况相符。实例验证了本文建立的指标体系和比选模型具有合理性和实用性,可为类似工程中灌注桩钻机的选型提供理论参考依据。     

高速动车组车轮踏面磨耗特征分析

为研究不同类型高速动车组车辆车轮踏面磨耗特征,探寻车轮发生磨耗后车辆运行性能的演变,以运行在武广客专上的CRH380A和CRH380B型动车组为研究对象,在线路数据统计的基础上,基于SIMPACK建立的高速动车组模型和编制的轮轨磨耗程序,对两类动车组车辆在一个镟修周期内的车轮磨耗特性及其对车辆运行性能的影响进行分析. 结果表明,该线路上运营的动车组车辆车轮磨耗特征主要表现为踏面凹槽磨耗,且CRH380A型动车组车轮踏面磨耗程度更为严重;在一个镟修周期内,由于车辆设计理念的差异,CRH380A型动车组车轮磨耗特征表现为磨耗范围较窄但磨耗深度较大,凹槽磨耗较为明显,而CRH380B型动车组则表现为磨耗范围较宽但磨耗深度较小,磨耗较为均匀;在运行2.5 × 105 km里程内,新轮状态下的CRH380A型动车组运行稳定性明显优于CRH380B型动车组,但在运营里程超过1.0 × 105 km后,由于受到车轮磨耗的影响,运行稳定性较CRH380B型动车组恶劣;同时,CRH380A型动车组车体最大振动加速度和平稳性指标分别为0.52 m/s2和2.26,均优于CRH380B型动车组的0.58 m/s2和2.38,但CRH380A型动车组脱轨系数和轮重减载率均为0.35,均大于CRH380B型动车组的0.14和0.28. 因此,在整个运行周期内,CRH380A型动车组车辆运行平稳性优于CRH380B型动车组,但运行安全性较CRH380B型动车组恶劣.