交通现代化指标体系的基本框架

本文提出交通设施设备现代化、交通运营管理现代化、交通制度现代化和交通可持续、交通意识现代化等四个综合交通现代化总体目标,初步探讨了由总体目标层、功能状态层和要素变量层构成的三层次综合交通现代化指标体系。     

析谈"现代化"

分析了经济现代化、交通现代化的内涵,提出了实现山东省交通现代化应达到的目标.     

山东省交通运输现代化目标体系的构建

先对“现代化”的含义进行了探索，然后根据“交通现代化在本质上是和现代化的社会经济相适应的交通”这一思路，锁定2010年这一时间断点，通过多种数学方法逐个进行计算、并结合定性分析和专家咨询加以认定，推出了“山东省交通运输现代化目标体系”。     

基于模糊综合评价的高速公路管理评价体系研究

本文综合考虑高速公路管理的实际情况,建立包含目标层、准则层、指标层的三级高速公路现代化管理评价指标体系;建立了模糊层次分析法的评价模型,运用AHP法确定各指标权重,基于模糊评价法确定各指标的隶属度函数得出模糊综合评价矩阵,由此计算高速公路现代化管理的综合评价分值;最后以山东省高速公路管理为例,证明该评价指标体系和评价方法的科学性、合理性和实用性。     

基于节点重要度与交通区位的公路运输枢纽布局研究

从区域社会经济、公路运量及交通区位三方面出发,基于节点重要度与交通区位综合分析,建立了运输枢纽节点重要度与交通区位相结合的评价指标体系。由于各指标在比较时具有一定模糊性,因此文章运用模糊层次分析法确定了各指标的权重,通过引入重要度综合指数,对区域内各运输枢纽节点的重要度综合指数进行了分析。通过对山东省区域公路运输枢纽布局重要度综合指数的实例分析,验证了该方法的合理性和可行性,为公路运输枢纽总体布局研究提供了主要理论依据。     

吕思忠 创新就是解决实际问题

<正>【人物档案】吕思忠·现任山东高速股份有限公司党委副书记、副董事长、总经理·山东交通学院客座教授·工程技术应用研究员从事交通建设管理及专业技术研究工作近40年组织实施了一大批重点工程建设项目主持、参与多项重大科技创新项目多项成果达到国际先进或国内领先水平先后荣获"全国交通企业管理现代化创新人物""全国公路科技创新英才""中国公路百名优秀工程师""山东省富民兴鲁劳动奖章"等荣誉称号     

山东省财政交通工作现状分析及对策研究

随着经济社会的快速发展,原有的财政支持交通发展思路已跟不上新时期交通发展要求。为实现工作方向的"三个转变",积极地推动和贯彻中央新政策,从而更好的支持交通发展,在阐述山东省财政支持交通工作现状的基础上,分析了山东省财政交通工作存在的问题,并提出了加强财政交通工作的一些建议。     

交通扶贫模式绩效评价指标体系——以甘肃农村为例

根据交通扶贫模式对地区社会经济的作用机理,从交通条件的改善对农村居民、农村旅游资源、农村农产品运输的影响出发,建立了甘肃农村地区交通扶贫模式绩效评估指标体系,运用层次分析赋权法确定了各指标权重。以榆中县太平乡马沟村为例,计算了各指标的权重。结果表明,该村交通扶贫绩效主要体现在农产品外运时间和成本的节省以及农产品外运量增加方面,和当地的实际情况相吻合。实例证明所建指标体系可用于甘肃农村交通扶贫绩效评估。     

李友胜：“职业技能竞赛是一个方向、一个机会、一个平台”

<正>10月17日,2019中国技能大赛——第十一届全国交通运输行业"捷安杯"城市轨道交通服务员(学生组)职业技能大赛(山东赛区预赛)在济南市技师学院圆满落下帷幕。此次预赛由山东省交通运输厅、山东省人力资源和社会保障厅、山东省总工会、共青团山东省委四部门联合主办。济南市技师学院、山东交通职业学院     

“山东省交通发展指数”的构建及应用

详细介绍了“山东省交通发展指数”的构建过程，结合山东实际说明“山东省交通发展指数”的实际应用及其重要意义，最后指出了该指数目前还存在的问题。     

城市道路交通拥挤的经济对策分析——以兰州市西津东路为例

交通拥挤是我国目前社会关注的一个焦点，也是一个世界性难题。文章针对兰州西津东路的交通拥挤问题，从城市交通经济学理论出发，提出综合利月交通供给管理和交通需求管理两种经济手段来解决兰州市西津东路交通拥挤的根本问题。     

Modelling and simulation of transportation system effectiveness to reduce traffic congestion: a system dynamics framework

ABSTRACT

This paper is designed to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of transportation systems and reduce traffic congestion through the use of simulation models and scenario development. A system dynamics framework is used to test and evaluate the alternatives of future strategies for the city of Surabaya, Indonesia. Some factors affecting the effectiveness of transport systems include operational effectiveness and service effectiveness, as well as uncertainty. To improve the effectiveness of transportation systems, several strategies can be implemented, such as subsidizing public transportation, increasing the cost of private vehicle parking fees, raising taxes on private vehicles, and reducing delays in public transportation through scenario development. Scenario results show that, by pursuing these strategies, effectiveness could be improved by 80% as the impact of the increase in operational and service effectiveness, helping to mitigate traffic congestion. Congestion could be reduced to 70% (on average) due to the decrease in daily traffic.     

An empirical analysis of freight transport traffic modes in Brazil, 1996–2012

This paper analyses the performance of freight transportation modes in Brazil – namely air, water, rail and road – from February 1996 to August 2012 by investigating their long memory properties using fractional integration and autoregressive models on monthly tonnage data. Two important features are analysed: the degree of dependence of transportation traffic across time and its seasonal structure over the period. Furthermore, the stability of parameters across the sample period is investigated, incorporating potential structural breaks in the data, which describe discontinuity in freight transportation traffic. Some policy implications are derived.     

Continuum modelling of transportation networks

The standard discrete transportation models, which attempt to determine traffic flow on every link of a transportation network, are inapplicable to complex dense urban networks, in view of the amount of computation involved. In this paper we adopt a radically new point of view and construct a family of models based on the assumption of continuous traffic distribution over the network. We derive the flow conservation equations and the equilibrium conditions for user-optimized and system-optimized networks.     

Transportation planning and institutional rigidities in Surat,India

This paper while reviewing the prevalent traffic and transportation problems in a metropolitan city of India namely Surat, identifies certain institutional rigidities which mar prospects of planned improvements. The old city of Surat known as the Walled City is the center of chronic traffic congestion which is due to a variety of causes. Owing to the past neglect and the on-going developments, the Walled City is beset with numerous traffic and transportation as well as other problems. Based on an indepth analyses of field data, a series of short and long term remedial measures were worked out to cope with the immediate and the future travel demands. Of the proposals made, the traffic management scheme is designed to optimize the use of available infrastructural facilities with a thrust towards bus transportation. However, the success of these measures depends on the relaxation of the outdated practices which could stifle the implementation of the suggested solutions.     

桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划设计

文章基于桂林市老城区交通现状，分析了老城区交通存在的主要问题，提出了桂林市老城区分流交通保护圈规划的总体思路，并根据这一思路设计出具体的老城区分流交通保护圈规划方案，为桂林市老城区交通系统规划提供决策依据。     

Exploring the impact of walk–bike infrastructure,safety perception,and built-environment on active transportation mode choice: a random parameter model using New York City commuter data

This study estimates a random parameter (mixed) logit model for active transportation (walk and bicycle) choices for work trips in the New York City (using 2010–2011 Regional Household Travel Survey Data). We explored the effects of traffic safety, walk–bike network facilities, and land use attributes on walk and bicycle mode choice decision in the New York City for home-to-work commute. Applying the flexible econometric structure of random parameter models, we capture the heterogeneity in the decision making process and simulate scenarios considering improvement in walk–bike infrastructure such as sidewalk width and length of bike lane. Our results indicate that increasing sidewalk width, total length of bike lane, and proportion of protected bike lane will increase the likelihood of more people taking active transportation mode This suggests that the local authorities and planning agencies to invest more on building and maintaining the infrastructure for pedestrians. Further, improvement in traffic safety by reducing traffic crashes involving pedestrians and bicyclists, will increase the likelihood of taking active transportation modes. Our results also show positive correlation between number of non-motorized trips by the other family members and the likelihood to choose active transportation mode. The model would be an essential tool to estimate the impact of improving traffic safety and walk–bike infrastructure which will assist in investment decision making.     

自行车在山地城市应用的可行性探究

随着中国城镇化、机动化水平的提高,"以车为本"的交通发展导向已经暴露出了诸多的弊端。为了有效缓解山地城市交通的拥堵问题以及环境污染问题,本文分析了自行车在山地城市发展的重要意义,并且从环境、交通、社会以及经济四个方面详细阐述了自行车交通在山地城市运用的可行性以及注意事项,从而促进山地城市自行车系统的良好发展,倡导山城市民拥有绿色低碳出行的理念。     

Enhanced traffic information dissemination to facilitate toll road utilization: a nested logit model of a stated preference survey in Texas

This paper investigates the effects of the provision of traffic information on toll road usage based on a stated preference survey conducted in central Texas. Although many researchers have studied congestion pricing and traffic information dissemination extensively, most of them focused on the effects that these instruments individually produce on transportation system performance. Few studies have been conducted to elaborate on the impacts of traffic information dissemination on toll road utilization. In this study, 716 individuals completed a survey to measure representative public opinions and preferences for toll road usage in support of various traffic information dissemination classified by different modes, contents, and timeliness categories. A nested logit model was developed and estimated to identify the significant attributes of traffic information dissemination, traveler commuting patterns, routing behavior, and demographic characteristics, and analyze their impacts on toll road utilization. The results revealed that the travelers using dynamic message sign systems as their primary mode of receiving traffic information are more likely to choose toll roads. The potential toll road users also indicated their desire to obtain traffic information via internet. Information regarding accident locations, road hazard warnings, and congested roads is frequently sought by travelers. Furthermore, high-quality congested road information dissemination can significantly enhance travelers’ preferences of toll road usage. Specifically the study found that travelers anticipated an average travel time saving of about 11.3 min from better information; this is about 30 % of travelers’ average one-way commuting time. The mean value of the time savings was found to be about $11.82 per hour, close to ½ of the average Austin wage rate. The model specifications and result analyses provide in-depth insights in interpreting travelers’ behavioral tendencies of toll road utilization in support of traffic information. The results are also helpful to shape and develop future transportation toll system and transportation policy.     

Decomposition analysis of energy-related carbon emissions from the transportation sector in Beijing

In the process of rapid development and urbanization in Beijing, identifying the potential factors of carbon emissions in the transportation sector is an important prerequisite to controlling carbon emissions. Based on the expanded Kaya identity, we built a multivariate generalized Fisher index (GFI) decomposition model to measure the influence of the energy structure, energy intensity, output value of per unit traffic turnover, transportation intensity, economic growth and population size on carbon emissions from 1995 to 2012 in the transportation sector of Beijing. Compared to most methods used in previous studies, the GFI model possesses the advantage of eliminating decomposition residuals, which enables it to display better decomposition characteristics (Ang et al., 2004). The results show: (i) The primary positive drivers of carbon emissions in the transportation sector include the economic growth, energy intensity and population size. The cumulative contribution of economic growth to transportation carbon emissions reaches 334.5%. (ii) The negative drivers are the transportation intensity and energy structure, while the transportation intensity is the main factor that restrains transportation carbon emissions. The energy structure displays a certain inhibition effect, but its inhibition is not obvious. (iii) The contribution rate of the output value of per unit traffic turnover on transportation carbon emissions appears as a flat “M”. To suppress the growth of carbon emissions in transportation further, the government of Beijing should take the measures of promoting the development of new energy vehicles, limiting private vehicles’ increase and promoting public transportation, evacuating non-core functions of Beijing and continuingly controlling population size.