二灰碎石骨架密实型级配设计在滨大高速公路中应用

介绍了在滨大高速公路二灰碎石基层施工中,应用骨架密实型结构级配设计的过程,通过工程实践验证了该级配类型的可行性;并且通过严格施工控制,可以得到强度满足要求、整体性好且粗骨料嵌挤、细料及二灰胶结料填充的密实结构基层,从而大大提高基层性能.     

一种骨架密实型沥青混合料AC-25组成设计研究

为提高广西湿热地区沥青混合料的抗车辙性能,文章根据矿质混合料的级配理论,针对粗集料颗粒的体积特征,提出一种均匀骨架密实抗车辙型沥青混合料组成设计,并采用粗集料间隙率VCA法评价该沥青混合料的骨架特征,同时对沥青混合料的体积参数等进行了研究.结果表明:(13.2～26.5)mm的粗集料用量相对较多,有利于粗集料之间形成防离析、均匀的骨架嵌挤密实结构.     

细集料组成对沥青混合料的密实性影响分析

针对目前骨架密实型沥青混合料优化设计的热点问题,文章结合工程实际,通过室内试验,分析了在形成沥青混合料骨架结构的基础上,细集料组成对沥青混合料密实性的影响,并提出了控制细集料各个筛孔的合理通过率,为骨架密实型沥青混合料级配优化设计提供参考。     

普通公路骨架密实型沥青混合料级配设计与路用性能研究

文章结合地方普通公路建设实际需求,研究了普通公路抗滑、抗车辙的沥青混合料级配设计,提出了基于石灰岩集料、普通沥青材料特点的骨架密实型材料组成设计技术。试验结果表明:文章推荐的上面层沥青混合料级配具有良好的马歇尔指标、水稳定性能、高温抗车辙性能;空隙率是影响骨架密实型沥青混合料路用性能的主要因素,控制空隙率水平是保障路面施工质量的关键技术措施。本研究成果可为普通公路沥青路面施工和质量控制提供重要参考。     

两种骨架密实级配水泥稳定碎石的性能对比研究

为了对比《公路沥青路面设计规范》(JTG D50-2006)中骨架密实级配(GF)和多级嵌挤骨架密实级配(MG)水泥稳定碎石之间的组成与性能差异,并深入研究MG级配水泥稳定碎石的性能,通过室内振动击实试验、力学强度试验和CBR颗粒流模拟技术对两种级配水泥稳定碎石组成结构及路用性能进行了对比研究,结果表明:与GF级配矿料相比,MG级配矿料的CBR值提高了8%~15%;与GF级配水泥稳定碎石相比,MG级配水泥稳定碎石最大干密度平均提高了1.4%,且易于压实,28d抗压强度提高了6%~12%、极限抗压强度提高了8%~20%,劈裂强度提高了8%~15%左右;实体工程应用结果表明,MG级配水泥稳定碎石有更好的抗裂性能。因此,MG级配水泥稳定碎石具有广阔的应用前景。     

南柳高速公路加铺沥青混合料设计与试验研究

文章介绍了采用空隙填充法进行中面层KH25沥青混合料配合比设计的过程,并对各项路用性能进行了试验研究。试验结果和南柳高速公路的实际应用表明,KH25沥青混合料粗集料含量较常规的粗粒式沥青混合料增大,属于密断级配骨架密实结构,施工不离析,密实耐久性好,抗车辙能力强,是良好的沥青路面的中面层材料,有较大的推广应用价值。     

掺加玄武岩纤维的AR-SMA设计及路用性能研究

相较常规骨架密实型SMA沥青混合料,掺加玄武岩纤维会改变混合料的最优级配设计结果、体积参数指标以及路用性能表现。文章在掺加玄武岩纤维的基础上,利用橡胶沥青作为粘结料,制备掺加玄武岩纤维的AR-SMA沥青混合料,并结合工程实例,对掺加玄武岩纤维的AR-SMA的配合比进行优化设计,验证纤维加入对混合料稳定性及路用性能的影响。     

超薄磨耗沥青混合料设计方法与施工控制研究

基于超薄磨耗层的功能分析,确定了超薄磨耗沥青混合料的设计原则与设计指标,并按照组成设计方法特点,对骨架级配的类型、室内成型方法、沥青的选择与用量、性能指标等设计要点进行系统研究,从而设计出符合交通地理气候条件,满足磨耗、排水、降噪功能要求的骨架-空隙型超薄磨耗沥青混合料,以及一套适合应用的施工控制方法。     

基于海绵城市理念的排水沥青路面设计研究

文章以某市公路工程为依托,基于海绵城市理念设计了一种PAC-13排水沥青混凝土路面上面层材料:对原材料进行了检验与测定;完善了排水沥青混凝土路面的设计方法;确定了混合料为间断级配结构,混合料组成结构类型为骨架空隙结构;确定了高粘改性剂的掺配比例;确定了最佳油石比,得到了排水沥青混合料的目标配合比。     

级配理论的应用研究

通过对级配理论历史发展的回顾,介绍了不同时期的各种理论包括n法,粒子干涉理论,i法,k法,superpave法及贝雷法,分析了级配理论的发展由早期追求密实度的密实—悬浮型向现代交通条件要求下的骨架-密实型转变。     

Analysis of factors affecting the choice of route of pedestrians

Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD).

An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip.

It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links.     

实现多组态计量软件集中监控的可行性分析

天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本.     

注汽管道承压能力评估和实物试验验证

基于失效评估图技术对某注汽管道进行了承压能力评价,给出了管线在不同腐蚀壁厚情况下的极限承压能力和极限裂纹尺寸。并利用实物爆破试验验证了评价方法的安全性和有效性,通过对爆破断口进行宏观和微观分析,发现管段的开裂属于脆性开裂。     

Direct analysis of the perceived importance of attributes of reliability of travel modes in urban travel

Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area.     

盾构隧道管片接头抗剪力学性能研究

通过对南京长江盾构隧道环向管片接头进行的三组原型抗剪(无螺栓剪切、有螺栓逆剪和有螺栓顺剪)加载试验,分析研究了管片接头在剪力作用下的受力、变形和破坏特征,给出了管片接头混凝土接触面的静摩擦系数,得到了接头剪力主要由混凝土接触面承担、破坏形式为连接斜螺栓剪切延性破坏的结论。通过对管片结构的有限元数值模拟计算得出:接头处的剪力与轴力比小于接缝面的摩擦系数,管片不会发生相互错动,结构是稳定的。     

管道施工组织设计

在管道工程建设中，管道施工组织设计是一项重要的经济管理性文件，也是验证施工企业在工程建设中具有的施工实力和管理水平的综合技术能力体现。它对工程建设项目施工全过程活动的质量、进度、技术、安全、经济和管理组织起着不可估量的重要作用。     

Evaluation of pedestrian crosswalk level of service (LOS) in perspective of type of land-use

In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations.     

Non-parametric analyses of efficiency of airports

This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress.     

波纹管应力分析研究进展

评述了波纹管应力理论研究方法的进展情况，围绕解析法、工程近似法和数值法，对波纹管理论研究中的一些主要成果作了较详细的回顾和总结，对各种研究方法作出了评价，展望了亟待解决的一些问题。     

埋地管道防腐保温层失效评价

明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。