中型载货商用车变速操纵系统设计

本文介绍了中型载货商用车变速操纵系统主要设计要求,对软轴和支架的设计准则、换选档力和行程提出了一些建议,并介绍了主观测试规范和主观评价方法。     

FCW系统目标检测距离精度测试与研究

介绍常见的基于单目视觉传感器的目标测距原理,分析不同传感器类型的多款FCW系统报警时间测试现状。针对3种测试场景,对某型单目视觉和视觉与雷达融合的FCW系统进行深度测试,并分析影响两种FCW系统测距精度的主要因素。     

高效自动生产线互联系统的工艺设计及应用

文章针对商用车车身品种多、产品差异性大、车身吊挂点变化大、在采用了自动喷涂工艺后,对车身定位精度要求高等特点,设计了高效自动生产线互联系统;实践证明,该系统可高效地完成底、面漆撬体转换、空撬返回等动作,高效满足生产节拍,达到工艺设定的目标。     

商用车AEB系统测试场景构建及仿真研究

随着车辆智能化的发展,提高商用车主动安全水平的必要性增强,自动紧急制动(AEB)系统成为车辆主动安全领域的研究热点。文中从商用车自动紧急制动功能测试评价技术着手,基于场景元素分类构建商用车自动驾驶测试场景,建立自动紧急制动典型场景与控制模型,并通过仿真验证商用车AEB测试场景搭建与测试评价方法的有效性。     

重型商用车换挡性能评估研究

<正>国内重型商用车目前90%以上仍采用手动变速器。为了满足日益严苛的燃料经济性法规,变速器挡位数逐渐增加,从原来的6挡、9挡为主发展到现在的12挡、16挡变速器为主。传动系挡位的增多,增加了选用合适挡位使发动机处于经济工作状况的机会,有利于提高燃油经济性。重型商用车由于其自身运营的特点,挡位数的增加势必增加驾驶员的劳动强度,对于换挡性能的要求自然也越来越高。目前国内对于重型商用车的换挡性能研究还处于起步阶段,本文通过客观试验与主观评价的方法对换     

信息之窗

越野车车道偏离告警系统问世据美国一家研究公司的最新报告称,其已经开发出一种新的车道偏离告警系统,该系统旨在减少汽车侧倾事故。常见于重型商用车市场的车道偏离告警系统,将配置在越野车日产无限FX上,这是这项技术首次以一般安全为应用目的。据悉,美国政府将车道偏离列为引     

超速行为多通道告警及差异化矫正研究

为了对超速行为进行有效控制，研究多通道告警系统以及差异化矫正系统对不同风险等级超速行为的干预矫正效果。试验基于模拟驾驶三维仿真平台，搭建包含隧道在内的限速高速公路场景，将招募的48名被试平均分为对照组、告警组、矫正组以及告警-矫正组，采用自主设计的多通道告警系统以及差异化矫正系统进行模拟驾驶试验。结果表明：在驾驶表现方面，与对照组相比，告警组的平均车速离差减小，但可接受风险超速比例显著增加，矫正组的平均车速显著降低，比对照组低8.31 km·h^-1，告警-矫正组超速时间比例最低，在可接受风险、低风险以及高风险超速行为下，其平均超速比例分别低至6.55%、0.18%和0.01%；在主观评价方面，告警-矫正组在有效度、接受度、使用度、推广度、满意度、理解度、轻松程度和注意力分散程度等8个维度的综合评分最高；在视觉特性方面，相比矫正组，告警-矫正组的积分界面注视频率以及积分界面注意力分配率均显著下降，对限速标志牌的注视频次最高，且单次视线离开路面时长在462~982 ms区间，表明告警-矫正组合系统在不干扰驾驶人安全驾驶的情况下，提高了驾驶人主动控制超速行为的意识。     

汽车前碰撞预警系统ISO 15623标准和NHTSA 26555评价规程对比试验

为正确理解国际上普遍采用的汽车前碰撞告警系统性能标准和评价规程,以完善我国汽车前碰撞告警系统标准,对比分析了ISO 15623标准和NHTSA 26555评价规程中对前汽车碰撞告警系统自身特性、试验工况、告警距离计算等方面的要求,并对某车型配置前碰撞预警系统的告警距离与两标准要求告警距离进行了对比分析。结果表明,ISO 15623在系统告警、探测区域和试验工况方面要求更完整,NHTSA 26555在试验准备和试验程序方面规定的更具体。建议我国在制定汽车前碰告警系统性能标准和法规时,以ISO 15623为主,适当加入NHTSA 26555的优势部分。     

轻型商用车电量平衡试验研究

汽车产品供电系统的电量平衡性能直接影响整车成本及用户使用感受。基于某款轻型商用车开发验证实例,结合轻型商用车产品定位及使用特点,从整车电量平衡试验设定、测试要求、评价准则等方面进行论述,并针对该车型在较大功率负载下整车电量不平衡问题提出了改进意见。     

轻型商用车引领中国新能源商用车市场增长，燃料电池车辆增速抢眼

<正>在政策、应用场景和商业模式等因素推动下，我国新能源商用车终端市场销量持续强劲，2023年上半年累计销量突破10.4万辆，同比增加56.5%。新能源商用车销量持续增长在政策、应用场景和商业模式等因素推动下，我国新能源商用车终端市场销量持续强劲，2023年上半年累计销量突破10.4万辆，同比增加56.5%。与此同时，整体商用车市场回暖，     

复杂路况下汽车主动避撞报警技术研究

汽车主动避撞报警技术对提高行车安全有重要意义,但如何减少复杂路况下行车时的误警率是当前需解决的关键问题。通过测量车载信息如汽车转向角度、车速、制动信号、转向灯信号等获知汽车的行驶状态,利用雷达技术感知路况和危险,基于合理的报警算法和控制策略,研制出复杂路况下的汽车主动避撞报警系统。通过实际道路报警试验,结果表明所采取的减少误警率的方法是有效的,所开发的报警系统更趋实用化。     

Analysis of driver response to collision warning during car following

This paper describes research on drivers’ responses to a forward vehicle collision warning by driving simulator experiments in which 36 subjects were disposed randomly to the following three kinds of dangerous scenes while the subjects were intentionally distracted: closing to a preceding vehicle, sudden cut-in of a vehicle from an adjacent lane, and lane departure of own vehicle. The responses of the subjects to the warning against cut-in vehicles were analyzed. It is shown that the subjects could take proper evasive action, but the average brake response time was longer than those for simpler scenario tests. It is also verified that there were statistically significant effects of warning sound on the subjects’ response times.     

沃尔沃多项新技术提升卡车主动安全

一向以安全而著称的沃尔沃卡车正在将商用车的安全性提升到一个新的高度。目前,在主动安全方面,沃尔沃卡车成绩斐然:自适应巡航、车道保持、正向碰撞预警、驾驶员提醒等,这些系统在实际使用中可以直接或间接地降低卡车事故发生的概率。2012年6月26日,欧洲场地测试研究(euroFOT)项目的首批结果在布     

钢铝混合白车身在汽车轻量化中的应用及乘用车轻量化实例

在节能减排和新能源汽车长续航里程的需求下,汽车轻量化是目前最有效的手段,白车身重量占据整台汽车较大百分比,白车身轻量化是汽车减重的核心目标,目前新型轻量化设计,铝合金白车身在乘用车领域已被广泛使用,但全铝车身也存在材质本身缺陷,铝合金强度低于钢,关键强度位置无法达到碰撞要求,文章以热成型钢作为关键强度建与铝合金组成混合材质的乘用车白车身实例进行分析,比较传统的钢制车身,可使整车减重40%。并保证汽车优异碰撞性能要求。     

Vehicle distance estimation using a mono-camera for FCW/AEB systems

For robust vision-based forward collision warning (FCW) and autonomous emergency braking (AEB) systems, not only reliable detection performance including high detection rate and low false positives but also accurate measurement output of a target vehicle is required. Especially, in order to reduce false alarm or activation of FCW/AEB systems, the systems require the precise measurement output of a target object, such as position, velocity, acceleration, and time-to-collision (TTC). In this study, we developed a measurement estimation algorithm of a target vehicle using a monocular camera. This method estimates two cases of vehicle widths for a target vehicle by using the detected lane information and a pin-hole camera model. After that, the position, velocity, acceleration, and TTC of a target vehicle are estimated by using a Kalman filter for the each estimated vehicle width. To improve robustness, the both estimation results using the detected lane information and the pinhole camera model are fused. This estimation algorithm was evaluated and compared with the state-of-the-art technology. As a result, the proposed measurement output estimation method can improve the performance of the FCW/AEB systems.     

新能源专项验证与策划

据中国汽车工业协会统计数据显示,燃油汽车产销程缓慢增长趋势,甚至月销售出现了超过10%的同比跌幅。但是新能源汽车逆势增长,生产和销售同比增幅均超过50%以上。随着国家对排放要求日益重视,要求燃油汽车新项目满足国家排放标准,同时并执行国家有关企业质量安全的各项法律,法规的要求,新能源汽车开发完全满足国家排放要求,开发新能源汽车符合当代国家发展趋势,为满足各项质量相关要求,新能源汽车开发需要从事各种各样的验证以满足相关要求。     

Human-Centered Design of an Acc-With-Braking and Forward-Crash-Warning System

This paper addresses the development of driver assistance systems whose functional purposes are to provide both adaptive cruise control (ACC) and forward collision warning (FCW). The purpose of the paper is to combine concepts from human factors psychology, vehicle-dynamics, and control theory, thereby contributing to the body of knowledge and understanding concerning human-centered approaches for designing and evaluating driver assistance systems. Conceptual and experimental results pertaining to driving manually and with the assistance of ACC and FCW are presented. The following human-centered aspects of driver-assistance systems are analyzed and presented: the looming effect; including rule-based and skill-based behavior in the design of ACC systems; using desired dynamics in controlling the driving process; braking rules that trade headway range for deceleration level; and collision-warning rules based on two different stress indicators. Field-test data are examined to justify and verify the parametric values selected for use in human-centered ACC systems. Measured data from on-road driving are used to evaluate the performance of proposed FCW systems in braking situations. The paper concludes with observations concerning the difficulty of developing a clear understanding of when and why drivers brake.     

Human-Centered Design of an Acc-With-Braking and Forward-Crash-Warning System

This paper addresses the development of driver assistance systems whose functional purposes are to provide both adaptive cruise control (ACC) and forward collision warning (FCW). The purpose of the paper is to combine concepts from human factors psychology, vehicle-dynamics, and control theory, thereby contributing to the body of knowledge and understanding concerning human-centered approaches for designing and evaluating driver assistance systems. Conceptual and experimental results pertaining to driving manually and with the assistance of ACC and FCW are presented. The following human-centered aspects of driver-assistance systems are analyzed and presented: the looming effect; including rule-based and skill-based behavior in the design of ACC systems; using desired dynamics in controlling the driving process; braking rules that trade headway range for deceleration level; and collision-warning rules based on two different stress indicators. Field-test data are examined to justify and verify the parametric values selected for use in human-centered ACC systems. Measured data from on-road driving are used to evaluate the performance of proposed FCW systems in braking situations. The paper concludes with observations concerning the difficulty of developing a clear understanding of when and why drivers brake.     

车辆碰撞预警系统对行车风险的干预效果

各类碰撞预警系统已广泛应用于具有驾驶辅助功能的车辆上,为研究预警系统对风险状态下车辆交互行为特征的影响机理,并评估其对行车风险的干预效果,采用15辆搭载预警系统的试验车辆在真实高速公路场景下进行实车群组试验,通过有-无预警情形对比试验及分析,从车辆交互行为特征指标、道路总体运行风险、驾驶员对预警系统认可度3个维度,对行...     

基于NAIS数据库中视频信息的人—车碰撞事故特征分析

选取中国国家车辆事故深度调查体系(NAIS)数据库中51例包含视频的人—车碰撞事故,进行了特征分析,分析内容包括:人—车碰撞危险场景、碰撞前人—车相对位置、行人碰撞运动响应、人—车碰撞包络线分布、头部落点分布等。结果表明:提取的10种场景,基本覆盖了各种人—车碰撞事故工况;对行人的探测,视场角(FoV)比探测距离更重要;轿车易导致行人正向旋转,单厢车易导致行人负向旋转;人—车碰撞包络线(WAD)主要集中在车辆两侧;致命伤的头部落点主要集中在前风窗玻璃下半部分、左右侧中部以及A柱附近。因此,基于碰撞视频信息可提高人—车碰撞事故特征分析的准确性。