汽车主动悬架系统状态反馈控制技术研究

车辆的悬架系统对于其舒适性和操纵稳定性都起着关键作用。随着计算机技术和液压伺服元件的发展，出现了主动和半主动悬架系统，在其控制策略具有二次型性能指标的最优控制方法比较成熟。通过建立系统的数学模型和仿真计算，对全状态反馈和被动悬架进行比分析，表明主动悬架采用和有限状态的反馈较全状态反馈有明显优势，是一种比较实用的状态反馈控制方法。     

半主动悬架及其控制

悬架从控制力的角度可分为被动悬架、半主动悬架和全主动悬架。从使用方便性和价格来看，性能较为优良的半主动悬架应用前景最好。综述了半主动悬架的产生。发展及其控制现状，在此基础上指出了该技术的进一步要求和所需研究的问题。     

汽车主动悬架系统的试验研究

在分析汽车传统被动悬架的基础上,给出了一种新型主动悬架结构。介绍了该主动悬架的工作原理,建立了二自由度的主动悬架数学模型。采用天棚控制策略,设计并研制了主动悬架样机及试验台架,进行了被动悬架与主动悬架的台架对比试验。试验结果表明,与被动悬架相比,该主动悬架能有效改善汽车的动态性能。     

悬架的分类及主动悬架的控制理论

悬架是现代汽车的重要装置，对汽车的平顺性、操纵稳定性、通过性等多种使用性能有着很大的影响。传统的被动悬架将被主动悬架和半主动悬架而取代。文章简要介绍了这三种悬架，并在此基础上阐述了主动悬架的五种控制理论。     

汽车主动悬架系统建模及其控制策略研究

介绍了一种主动悬架系统的建模，该系统是由液压作动器与一个普通弹簧串联后，再与被动阻尼器并联构成。其通常又被称作慢主动悬架。并应用SIMULINK语言仿真，确定了实际可行的输出反馈方案。     

电控空气悬架系统简介

<正>随着科学技术的飞速发展,空气悬架系统经历了钢板弹簧-气囊复合式悬架、被动空气悬架、电控空气悬架等多种形式的变化。电控空气悬架系统是一种全主动悬架,悬架的刚度、阻尼特性和车身高度能根据汽车的行驶条件进行智能调节。系统组成     

轿车悬架技术现状与发展趋势

介绍了轿车用被动悬架、半主动悬架、主动悬架的结构特点和工作原理，以及各自的优缺点与发展趋势。通过比较分析得出：被动悬架因结构简单、性能可靠、成本低、不耗能而得到广泛应用；主动悬架虽性能优越，但因元件价格昂贵，工作时能耗高而使其应用受到限制；半主动悬架性能好于被动悬架，且成本比主动悬架低得多，是今后悬架系统的主要发展方向。     

基于串联型模糊神经网络的汽车半主动悬架的研究

本文建立了五自由度汽车半主动悬架系统模型，提出一种用于汽车悬 半主动振动控制系统的模糊神经网络方法，对半主动悬架 计算机仿真和结果分析，并通过与被动悬架相比较，证明半主动悬架系统在减少振动，提高汽车平一方面要优于被动悬架。     

基于H_2/H_∞控制的汽车主动悬架被动容错控制

针对悬架系统的刚度、阻尼参数摄动和作动器增益损失故障,考虑悬架系统的时域硬约束,运用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)技术,提出了一种基于H_2/H_∞状态反馈控制的主动悬架被动容错控制策略。以半车模型为例,设计了主动悬架的被动容错控制器。分别在主动悬架系统无故障和故障模式下进行了仿真分析,结果表明,所提出的控制策略对悬架系统的故障具有鲁棒性,能够提升其乘坐舒适性。     

混合电磁悬架阻尼系数优化设计

为提高电磁悬架的可靠性,提出一种直线电机与可调减振器并联的混合电磁悬架结构。混合电磁悬架可以工作在被动和主动两种工作模式中,首先研究了被动模式下减振器阻尼值对馈能性能和动力学性能的影响规律,通过折中设计确定了最优阻尼值,与传统被动悬架相比,被动模式下的混合电磁悬架可有效协调馈能性能和动力学性能。然后分析了主动模式下阻尼值对能耗特性的影响规律,并分别以乘坐舒适性和行驶安全性为控制目标,确定了不同控制目标下的最优阻尼值,与主动电磁悬架相比,混合电磁悬架可有效降低系统的能量消耗,达到节能的目的。     

Adaptive Suspension Concepts for Road Vehicles

Most vehicle suspensions are composed of passive spring and damper devices, although improved suspension performance is possible if an active system is used to control forces or relative velocities. The complexity, power requirements, and cost of fully active suspensions have restricted their use. Various partially active suspensions have been proposed and suspensions with slow load levelers and variable dampers are in widespread use. Here we analyze a class of basically passive suspensions the parameters of which can be varied actively in response to various measured signals on the vehicle. These suspensions can come close to optimal performance with simpler means than many of the active or semi-active schemes previously proposed.     

Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles’ active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

Adaptive Suspension Concepts for Road Vehicles

SUMMARY

Most vehicle suspensions are composed of passive spring and damper devices, although improved suspension performance is possible if an active system is used to control forces or relative velocities. The complexity, power requirements, and cost of fully active suspensions have restricted their use. Various partially active suspensions have been proposed and suspensions with slow load levelers and variable dampers are in widespread use. Here we analyze a class of basically passive suspensions the parameters of which can be varied actively in response to various measured signals on the vehicle. These suspensions can come close to optimal performance with simpler means than many of the active or semi-active schemes previously proposed.     

Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles' active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

汽车可控悬架系统的研究进展

总结了汽车可控悬架的发展状况,详细阐述了半主动悬架、主动悬架等的结构形式及国内外最新研究成果,提出了新型可能量再生的可切换的主动/半主动悬架结构方案,并进行了台架试验。评价了用于可控悬架的主要控制策略,指出应着重研究非线性控制与智能控制方法的综合运用,研究和开发可能量回收的汽车智能悬架,重点包含制动、转向、可控悬架的底盘集成控制。     

汽车转向与悬架系统的集成控制研究

在建立了汽车转向与悬架系统的综合模型的基础上,运用一种具有扩展的调节器结构LQG控制方法,设计了 主动悬架控制器,实现对车身横摆角速度、车身垂直加速度、车身侧倾角和俯仰角的集成控制,从而显著提高汽车的 平顺性、操纵稳定性和安全性。     

非线性液压阻尼悬架分级控制

本文研究了主动阻尼悬架系统的分级控制策略，同时对各种影响系统性能参数的变化进行了研究，将分级控制的控制效果与最优阻尼控制作了比较。结果表明，结构简单的分级阻尼控制果接近最优阻尼控制。     

Performance of Low-bandwidth, Semi-active Damping Concepts for Suspension Control

Active damping has been shown to offer increased suspension performance in terms of vehicle isolation, suspension packaging, and road-tire contact force. It can even approximate the performance of full state feedback control without requiring the difficult measurement of tire deflection. Many semi-active damping strategies have been introduced to approximate the response of active damping with the modulation of passive damping parameters. These strategies have typically required a relatively high bandwidth for actuator response. This paper investigates the simulation performance and “frequency response” of two concepts in low-bandwidth semi-active suspension control, one that sets a damping force directly and another that sets the damping resistance. The electronically controlled bandwidth of these actuators is approximately an order of magnitude less than other semi-active devices; high frequency control is handled mechanically. A quarter-car model is studied with the controlled damping replacing both passive and active damping of typical control schemes. Both low-bandwidth damping strategies perform remarkably well compared to both active and high-bandwidth, semi-active damping. In certain dynamic performances, the new semi-active strategies outperform active damping and what the author calls “nominal” semi-active damping.     

Performance of Low-bandwidth,Semi-active Damping Concepts for Suspension Control

Abstract

Active damping has been shown to offer increased suspension performance in terms of vehicle isolation, suspension packaging, and road-tire contact force. It can even approximate the performance of full state feedback control without requiring the difficult measurement of tire deflection. Many semi-active damping strategies have been introduced to approximate the response of active damping with the modulation of passive damping parameters. These strategies have typically required a relatively high bandwidth for actuator response. This paper investigates the simulation performance and “frequency response” of two concepts in low-bandwidth semi-active suspension control, one that sets a damping force directly and another that sets the damping resistance. The electronically controlled bandwidth of these actuators is approximately an order of magnitude less than other semi-active devices; high frequency control is handled mechanically. A quarter-car model is studied with the controlled damping replacing both passive and active damping of typical control schemes. Both low-bandwidth damping strategies perform remarkably well compared to both active and high-bandwidth, semi-active damping. In certain dynamic performances, the new semi-active strategies outperform active damping and what the author calls “nominal” semi-active damping.     

由高速ON／OFF阀操作的主动悬架系统及控制方法研究

主动悬架能使车辆的乘坐舒适性和操纵安全性同时得到改善，但系统复杂性及成本的提高使其普及受到影响，本文提出一个以价格低廉的高速ＯＮ／ＯＦＦ阀取代目前使用的压力比例控制阀的系统方案，并应用天棚阻尼器控制，最优控制，最优预见控制等方法进行控制系统设计及实验研究，结果表明，所提的系统是可行的，控制效果是令人满意的。