轮胎缺气的危害

近年来,车辆的爆胎事故骤然增多.高速公路上的交通事故中爆胎占40%～45%以上.频频发生的爆胎事故造成的车祸引起了人们的警觉和困惑.     

预防爆胎有诀窍

近年来,车辆的爆胎事故骤然增多。据统计高速公路上的交通事故中爆胎占70％以上。频频发生的爆胎事故造成的车祸引起了人们的警觉和困惑。为什么以前车况路况都不好时爆胎不多见,现在车况路况提高了,爆胎反而这么多?这主要是因为人们还没有意识到高速行驶的     

怎样才能有效防止车辆爆胎？

我是一个新手，学车的时候听教练讲夏天汽车容易爆胎，这是为什么呢？我知道爆胎很危险，如何预防爆胎？爆胎是高速公路车辆事故的一个重要原因。爆胎的原因主要有以下几种：1.轮胎气压不足。     

汽车易爆胎的因素及防范

由爆胎引发的事故在高速公路事故中居高不下。那么,是什么原因造成高速公路频频发生爆胎呢？一般来说,爆胎是由于轮胎磨损严重,造成胎体过薄,此时就很容易被物体刺破,再加上天气过热,轮胎内部不断发热,从而发生爆胎。除此之外,轮胎爆裂还与下面6个因素相关。     

一种适合场地试验的重型车前轮爆胎方法研究

在高速公路发生的交通事故中,客车和载货汽车爆胎引起的事故越来越多。特别是客车事故,一般都是群死群伤的严重事故。为了减少爆胎事故中人员伤亡,国家标准中对车辆的爆胎应急安全装置进行安装和性能要求。为了验证爆胎应急安全装置是否可靠,需要在试验场内进行试验。在本文中,设计了一套适合在场地使用的爆胎装置。此装置可以使前轮爆胎后,经过一个翻转机构,带动爆胎刀具放倒,从而使后轮顺利通过。根据研究结果,此爆胎方法可以满足标准的要求,方法可行,效率更高。     

汽车易爆胎的因素及防范

由爆胎引发的事故在高速公路事故中居高不下。那么,是什么原因造成高速公路频频发生爆胎呢?一般来说,爆胎是由于轮胎磨损严重,造成胎体过薄,此时就很容易被物体刺破,再加上天气过热,轮胎内部不断发热,从而发生爆胎。除此之外,轮胎爆裂还与下面6个因素相关。     

基于FCM聚类的山区高速公路事故多发点成因分析

归纳总结了现有事故成因分析方法的特点和适用条件,提出了包括人、车、路和环境的山区高速公路交通事故影响因素,分析了各因素间的交互作用.提出了基于FCM聚类的山区高速公路事故多发点成因分析方法,并以京珠高速公路为例进行了验证.结果表明,该方法目标函数的聚类方法设计简单、解决问题范围广、易于计算机实现;山区高速公路最主要的事故因素是车辆追尾和刹车失灵.     

高速公路上爆胎的原因及预防措施

轮胎是汽车行驶系统的重要组成部分，轮胎约占汽车能源消耗的20％。近年来，在高速公路上因爆胎而引起的行车事故频频发生，并有上升的趋势。有关资料显示，在高速公路上发生的交通事故中，爆胎事故占70％以上。因此，探讨高速公路上爆胎的原因，正确合理地使用轮胎，是减少高速公路行车事故的有效措施。     

高速路上驾驶技巧3则

1防爆胎 高速公路上发生爆胎造成恶性事故的现象经常发生,导致爆胎事故频发的原因很多,主要原因有3:一是驾驶员对所驾驶车辆轮胎特性缺乏了解,驶上高速公路后盲目长时间地超速行驶,轮胎产生高热高压,导致突然爆裂;二是轮胎质量低劣,有的是翻新胎,有的修补过,有的磨损程度不一;三是轮胎气压不符合规定,过高或过低,特别是左右轮胎成色不一,气压不一,高速行驶中最易造成爆裂.     

高速公路汽车爆胎分析

高速公路行车中的爆胎事故时有发生,给国家和人民的生命财产造成了很大的损失。文章分析了爆胎的原因,探讨了避免爆胎的方法,有效预防了爆胎的发生。     

浅析轮胎的选用对高速行车安全的影响

据资料统计，我国已通车的２０条高速公路发生的交通事故中，由于轮胎原因引起的事故占４５％以上，因轮胎原因导致中作途抛锚的占８４．８％，经分析，主要是由于轮胎选型，使用不当等而造成轮胎不能满足高速行驶的要求所致，因此对高速运行安全性与轮胎的的正确选择，使用的关系进行了详细地论述。     

Tyre friction behaviour under abrupt wheel torque transients on slippery road surfaces: experimental analysis and modelling

The paper shows that, during abrupt wheel torque transients for ice surface and low vehicle speeds, the tyre can develop significantly larger longitudinal force than the peak value of the tyre static curve. This so-called dynamic tyre friction potential (DTFP) effect has many influencing factors such as the rate of change of the wheel torque, the vehicle speed, and the tyre dwell time. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the DTFP behaviour based on the experimental data collected by using an in-wheel motor-based tyre test vehicle. The analysis results and an insight into the brush structure of a tyre model lead to the hypothesis that the different influencing factors may be predominantly explained by the bristle dwell time (BDT) effect. Following this hypothesis, the LuGre model of the tyre friction dynamics is extended with a physical BDT sub-model. The experimental validation results show that the proposed model can accurately capture the low-speed tyre–ice friction behaviour during abrupt wheel torque transients.     

Velocity and normal tyre force estimation for heavy trucks based on vehicle dynamic simulation considering the road slope angle

A precise estimation of vehicle velocities can be valuable for improving the performance of the vehicle dynamics control (VDC) system and this estimation relies heavily upon the accuracy of longitudinal and lateral tyre force calculation governed by the prediction of normal tyre forces. This paper presents a computational method based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) method to estimate both longitudinal and lateral velocities and develops a novel quasi-stationary method to predict normal tyre forces of heavy trucks on a sloping road. The vehicle dynamic model is constructed with a planar dynamic model combined with the Pacejka tyre model. The novel quasi-stationary method for predicting normal tyre forces is able to characterise the typical chassis configuration of the heavy trucks. The validation is conducted through comparing the predicted results with those simulated by the TruckSim and it has a good agreement between these results without compromising the convergence speed and stability.     

The effect of the inflation pressure of tyres on motorcycle weave stability: experiments and simulation

Increasing the stability of a motorcycle requires an understanding of the optimal conditions of the tyre. The inflation pressure is one of the main parameters that directly affects the tyre properties, which in turn influences motorcycle stability and safety. This paper focuses on the effect of the inflation pressure of the tested tyres on motorcycle weave stability. Experimental data are collected from tests carried out in straight running at constant speed. The data analysis is based on stochastic subspace identification methods. Simulations are performed using an advanced motorcycle multi-body code with parameters measured from the tested vehicle. Finally, the comparison between simulations and experimental tests is discussed. The research results show an agreement between experimental tests and simulations where weave stability increases with inflation pressure for the specified range of tyre pressure.     

Environmental effects on Pacejka’s scaling factors

A set of scaling factors has been introduced by Pacejka [Pacejka, H.B., 2002, Tyre and Vehicle Dynamics (Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann Editions)] into his Magic Formula tyre model to take into account the influence of a number of external overall parameters such as road roughness, weather conditions, suspension characteristics and so on. These scaling factors are important for a correct prediction of tyre–road contact forces, but are not a function of the tyre itself. Changing the point of view, one could say that scaling factors should remain constant for different tyres on the same circuit, with the same weather conditions and with the same car. After characterizing different tyres through indoor tests (that do not consider external overall parameters) and after having identified Pacejka’s coefficients with scaling factors equal to one, several outdoor experimental tests have been carried out to assess the influence of vehicle and road surface conditions on scaling factors. These experimental data allowed us to identify, through a minimization approach, the ‘best’ set of Pacejka’s scaling factors for that vehicle and for that tyre on that track. Scaling factors for equal track and vehicle but different tyres were compared to check whether their values remained constant. To access the validity of scaling factors, a comparison between experimental data, collected on an instrumented passenger car, and MB simulations considering unity and identified scaling factors’ values, were carried out. All experimental data shown in this article come from tests carried out within the VERTEC project, a European founded research project (Task 2.a and 2.b) that puts together knowledge coming from vehicle manufacturers (Volvo, Porsche and Centro Ricerche Fiat CRF), tyre manufacturers (Pirelli and Nokian Tyres), control logic manufacturers (Lucas Varity GmbH), road maintenance experts (Centres d’Études Techniques de l’Équipement CETE), transport research organizations (Transport Research Laboratory TRL, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute VTI) and universities (Helsinki University of Technology HUT, Politecnico di Milano and University of Florence UNIFI).     

Tyre–road grip coefficient assessment. Part 1: off-line methodology using multibody dynamic simulation and genetic algorithms

A key factor to understand the vehicle dynamic behaviour is to know as accurately as possible the interaction that occurs between the tyre and the road, since it depends on many factors that influence the dynamic response of the vehicle. This paper aims to develop a methodology in order to characterise the tyre–road behaviour, applying it to obtain the tyre–road grip coefficient. This methodology is based on the use of dynamic simulation of a virtual model, integrated into a genetic algorithm that identifies the tyre–road friction coefficient in order to adjust the response obtained by simulation to real data. The numerical model was developed in collaboration with SEAT Technical Centre and it was implemented in multibody dynamic simulation software Adams®, from MSC®.     

纯电动汽车轮胎磨损关键影响因素研究

木文在分析纯电动车汽车不同于传统燃油车对于轮胎磨损关键因素的基础上,对纯电动车汽车轮胎磨损影响因素进行了试验验证。试验针对栽荷及动力系统两个因素采用控制单一变量法进行轮胎道路磨损试验,并通过对试验路线优化及驾驶员驾驶习惯的约束,使得测试结果更加准确及客观。最后对测试完成之后的轮胎花纹形态、轮胎花纹深度及轮胎预计里程寿命进行了详细数据分析。     

Experimental analysis of tyre-enveloping characteristics at low speed

In this study, experiments are conducted to investigate tyre-enveloping characteristics. Four different types of tyres are tested. Parameters such as different tyre inflation pressures, vertical loads and types of obstacles (cleats) are considered. In addition to vertical stiffnesses of all tyres, vertical and horizontal force variations while traversing different obstacles at low speed are studied. The effects of inflation pressure and vertical load on variations of force and moment are investigated. Static test results showed that after a certain vertical displacement, all curves in force–deflection diagrams plotted with and without cleat intersect regardless of cleat and tyre types, depending on the inflation pressure of the tyre, which can be called typical static tyre-enveloping characteristics. Test results at low speed show that there is a considerable influence of the vertical load on vertical and lateral force responses of a tyre.