空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真研究

空气弹簧具有变刚度特性，其固有振动频率要比钢板弹簧低得多，且不随汽车承载质量的变化而改变。安装有空气悬架的汽车车轮动载荷小，可以获得良好的行驶平顺性、操纵稳定性和行驶安全性，减小了高速行驶车辆对路面的破坏。空气悬架在汽车悬架系统中的应用越来越广泛。本文以安装有空气悬架的大客车为研究对象，利用多体系统动力学原理建立空气弹簧大客车整车动力学仿真模型，并对其平顺性进行仿真研究。     

汽车空气动力学发展概况

汽车空气动力学是一门研究汽车与空气之间相互作用规律及空气对汽车性能影响的应用学科，其研究手段主要是风洞实验、计算仿真和道路实验，本文则主要介绍风洞实验。     

FLUENT在汽车空气动力学研究中的应用

文中简要介绍了汽车的空气动力学特性以及FLUENT软件的主要特点,并对汽车外流场数值分析中的有关理论基础进行了探讨,着重讨论了FLUENT软件在汽车空气动力学研究中的应用,并给出了应用实例。     

汽车三维气动特性计算仿真网格的生成

汽车三维空气动力学仿真首先是建立仿真用的三维计算网络，本文在汽车表面空气动力学网格的基础上，从空间域的划分到空间网格的生成及各子域间的网格拼接，提出了系统的空间网格生成方法，并开发了可视化的汽车三维网格生成系统的应用软件。     

汽车空气动力学的计算机仿真方法

汽车的空气动力特性是汽车的重要性能指标之一。计算流体力学（ＣＦＤ）与汽车空气动力学相结合，产生了一门崭新的技术－汽车空气动力学的计算机仿真。概要介绍了汽车空气动力学计算机仿真技术的意义、理论背景、计算方法和目前国际上应用的现状。     

汽车空气动力学特性数值模拟的研究

本文汽车三维Ｋ－ε湍流模型为基础，采发容积法，建立了基于离散网格算法的三维汽车空气动力学湍流流场数值计算模型，并编制了全部计算机程序，为理论预测汽车空气动力学特性提出了理论基础。     

基于虚拟样机的汽车平顺性仿真分析

虚拟样机技术是当前设计制造领域的一项新技术，涉及工程、计算机、仿真与数值方法等多个学科领域，是对复杂系统进行仿真分析的有效手段。运用多体动力学软件ADAMS建立某商用载货汽车整车虚拟模型，并通过虚拟样机技术对该车进行了平顺性仿真分析．探讨了在时域和频域内分析汽车平顺性的方法。     

跨海大桥上厢式货车侧风稳定性的研究

建立了跨海桥上厢式货车的空气动力学和系统动力学单向耦合数值计算模型,并经风洞试验验证。对该模型进行仿真,以研究桥上货车在阶跃阵风作用下的高速气动稳定性,比较分析了不同类型和结构参数的挡风屏障的抗风性能及其对汽车气动稳定性的影响规律。最后提出了桥上汽车风致行车安全和桥梁抗风设计的量化评价方法。     

汽车轮辋设计空气动力学分析与研究

轮辋是汽车的高速旋转部件，在实际行驶过程中对汽车空气动力学性能有显著影响。但是目前的试验与仿真在轮辋研究中均有一定的不足。对比不同形式的汽车轮辋及其在不同轮胎轮辋速度边界条件设置下的计算结果，对轮辋的仿真及研究具有一定的参考意义。针对不同的轮辋内外侧开口面积、轮辋形面、样式及不同开口数量等多种轮辋造型分别进行了仿真分析，并使用轮胎不旋转、轮胎设置切线速度及旋转坐标系模型（Moving Reference Frame，MRF）（旋转坐标系）等3 种边界条件进行对比分析，对空气动力学轮辋设计进行了讨论和总结。     

车身CAD中的关键技术

汽车车身工业部门越来越成为我国轿车工业发展的制约“瓶颈”，它实际上也是国外大汽车公司的核心部门。要发展汽车工业，首先就要发展汽车车身。本文明确提出车身表面数值模型建立，车身空气动力学仿真和车身覆盖件成型模拟是汽车车身ＣＡＤ中的关键技术，抓住这些关键，车身ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ就能顺利发展。     

空气动力学对汽车外形设计的影响综述

对国内外空气动力学的演变历史、典型应用与影响因素进行了综述,分析了现有的空气动力学在汽车外形设计应用中的问题,提出了拟解决方法,阐述了空气动力学在汽车外形设计中的发展趋势,为汽车空气动力学外形设计提供了参考。     

Aerodynamics of Road- and Rail Vehicles

The technical state-of-the-art of aerodynamics of ground transportation vehicles is reviewed. Currently available theoretical calculation methods and experimental simulation techniques as well as typical results illustrating the impact of aerodynamics on vehicle performance and running characteristics are summarized and the interactions between vehicle system dynamics and aerodynamics are adressed. Correlation of theoretical and experimental data show the present potential of vehicle aerodynamics and point to fields in which further research work is necessary.     

Aerodynamics of Road- and Rail Vehicles

SUMMARY

The technical state-of-the-art of aerodynamics of ground transportation vehicles is reviewed. Currently available theoretical calculation methods and experimental simulation techniques as well as typical results illustrating the impact of aerodynamics on vehicle performance and running characteristics are summarized and the interactions between vehicle system dynamics and aerodynamics are adressed. Correlation of theoretical and experimental data show the present potential of vehicle aerodynamics and point to fields in which further research work is necessary.     

牵引车外流空气动力学性能CFD分析

应用CFD仿真技术,分析某汽车的外流空气动力学性能,以判断其气动性能是否满足设计要求。     

优化JT6120型客车气动特性的风洞试验

对影响ＪＴ６１２０型客车气动特性的主要外形结构参数进行了系列风洞试验，并对整车气动特性进行了优化，获得了最优化形设计方案，其空气阻力系数由０．７１下降至０．３４，其它气动特性指标也得到相应改善。     

侧风对高速汽车行驶稳定性影响的仿真分析

汽车高速运动时的方向稳定性受侧向风的影响非常明显,其影响规律与侧风气动中心的位置密切相关。但是,对侧向风的影响有两种不同的观点,一种观点认为与气动中心和中性转向点的相对位置相关;另一种观点则认为取决于气动中心和质心的相对位置。基于二自由度汽车动力学模型,用Matlab软件对侧风引起的汽车行驶稳定性进行了仿真分析,认为汽车在侧风作用下的运动规律取决于侧风气动中心与中性转向点的相对位置。     

基于CFD的SUV空气动力学特性与仿真分析

为提高SUV的空气动力学性能,文章阐述了造型与空气动力学相结合的汽车造型开发流程,利用CFD方法对某SUV的空气动力争洼能进行模拟,模型模仿风洞试验,得出该车的风阻系数为0．343,根据该车压力分布、气流流动分布以及湍动能分布情况,对车身局部区域的造型提出优化建议,最终使车型空气动力学性能满足设计要求。     

A nonlinear model for top fuel dragster dynamic performance assessment

The top fuel dragster is the fastest and quickest vehicle in drag racing. This vehicle is capable of travelling a quarter mile in less than 4.5 s, reaching a final speed in excess of 330 miles per hour. The average power delivered by its engine exceeds 7000 Hp. To analyse and eventually increase the performance of a top fuel dragster, a dynamic model of the vehicle is developed. Longitudinal, vertical, and pitching chassis motions are considered, as well as drive-train dynamics. The aerodynamics of the vehicle, the engine characteristics, and the force due to the combustion gases are incorporated into the model. Further, a simplified model of the traction characteristics of the rear tyres is developed where the traction is calculated as a function of the slip ratio and the velocity. The resulting nonlinear, coupled differential equations of motion are solved using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta numerical integration scheme. Several simulation runs are made to investigate the effects of the aerodynamics and of the engine's initial torque in the performance of the vehicle. The results of the computational simulations are scrutinised by comparisons with data from actual dragster races. Ultimately, the proposed dynamic model of the dragster can be used to improve the aerodynamics, the engine and clutch set-ups of the vehicle, and possibly facilitate the redesign of the dragster.     

High downforce race car vertical dynamics: aerodynamic index

Race car performance is strongly affected by aerodynamics. Due to downforce generated by the vehicle floor (i.e. diffuser), vehicle ride heights are key parameters to improve performance, and the coupling of aerodynamics and suspension is one of the key points of race car setting. This work focuses on the suspension and aerodynamic coupling from the vertical dynamics point of view. Besides road holding performance, for race cars, aerodynamic performance and stability are major factors. Downforce decreases laptime (the main performance target) but pitch instability is a non-desired effect that can happen in high downforce race cars. A new vertical dynamic performance index is proposed through the use of simulation to improve aerodynamic performance and understand the pitch instability phenomenon. This new index uses all relevant vehicle nonlinearities related to vertical dynamics and can handle a specific track profile and vehicle speed range, allowing the analysis be conducted according to a circuit specification. A previously validated Formula 3 car model was used as an example.