车辆操纵稳定性及平顺性的协同优化研究

利用车辆多体动力学模型与多目标优化工具,对悬架弹簧、减振器及横向稳定杆特性进行操纵稳定性与行驶平顺性的协同优化仿真.结果表明汽车的操稳性和行驶平顺性的各项性能指标均得到了改善.     

工程车辆非线性橡胶悬架动力学建模与优化

以AD250铰接式自卸车的非线性变刚度橡胶悬架为研究对象,应用模态综合法和多柔体系统动力学理论,并通过整车试验建立了整车刚柔耦合动力学模型。以行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性为优化目标,采用序列二次规划法,对不同载荷、不同等级路面和不同车速下的悬架特性参数进行优化,得到了不同工况下的最优悬架特性参数。通过最小二乘法拟合得到了橡胶悬架刚度参数的理想非线性特性曲线。仿真结果表明,优化后的橡胶悬架系统能使车辆保持良好的行驶平顺性。     

针对汽车操纵稳定性的悬架系统控制的研究

运用多体动力学方法建立了某款轻型客车整车操纵稳定性仿真模型,设计试制了一款磁流变阻尼器,作为该客车的减振器并通过试验建立其数学模型.以整车操纵稳定性及行驶平顺性为目标提出了一种基于PID神经网络的协调控制策略,实现了汽车半主动悬架与转向系统之间的良好匹配和协调.仿真结果表明,所提出的协调控制策略,在有效改善车辆的操纵稳定性的同时兼顾了车辆的行驶平顺性.     

汽车动力学仿真模型的发展

汽车动力学包括对一切与车辆系统相关运动的研究，其最核心的是平顺性和操纵稳定性这两大领域。在简要说明了汽车动力学发展过程的基础上介绍了平顺性和操纵稳定性两大领域的模型发展过程。平顺性模型主要经过集中质量－弹簧－阻尼模型、有限元模型和动态子结构模型阶段；而操纵稳定性模型从低自由度线性模型、非线性多自由度模型发展到多体模型。最后提出了汽车动力学仿真模型的发展动向。     

行驶于矿山软土路面的自卸车的减振系统协同优化

大吨位矿用自卸车的行驶工况非常恶劣,严重影响车辆的行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性;同时,矿区路面为沙壤土路面,其变形对矿用自卸车的振动也有显著影响。针对此问题,本文中将同时考虑垂向、纵向和侧向相互作用的轮胎-地面接触模型与整车多体动力学模型集成,实现了在变形地面条件下的车辆地面耦合系统的建模,进行ADAMS/Simulink联合仿真,并通过实车道路试验验证了模型的准确性。结果表明,采用计及路面变形的动力学模型,仿真精度提高了7%以上。在此基础上,通过建立2阶响应面近似模型,利用多岛遗传算法对自卸车油气悬架和横向稳定杆参数进行协同优化,保证了在不破坏整车操纵稳定性的前提下,有效改善了车辆的行驶平顺性。     

水罐消防车操纵稳定性与平顺性的仿真优化

使用MSC Adams/Car软件建立了某水罐消防车的动力学模型,基于此模型对整车操纵稳定性与平顺性进行仿真试验.结合仿真数据对前后悬架的刚度和阻尼进行正交设计优化,最后根据对优化结果的权衡分析,选定能同时提高操纵稳定性与平顺性的最优悬架参数组合,并通过仿真试验进行验证.     

基于平顺性和操稳的某重型越野车悬架参数优化

文章以国内某重型越野车为基础,通过建立模拟仿真分析模型,根据行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性能的各自评价指标进行分析计算。并建立该重型越野车的优化设计模型和优化目标,通过对悬架系统刚度值和阻尼值的优化分析计算,得出新的优化参数,结果表明车辆的平顺性和操纵稳定性均得到了较好的改善。     

空气悬架大客车平顺性仿真研究

空气弹簧具有变刚度特性，其固有振动频率要比钢板弹簧低得多，且不随汽车承载质量的变化而改变。安装有空气悬架的汽车车轮动载荷小，可以获得良好的行驶平顺性、操纵稳定性和行驶安全性，减小了高速行驶车辆对路面的破坏。空气悬架在汽车悬架系统中的应用越来越广泛。本文以安装有空气悬架的大客车为研究对象，利用多体系统动力学原理建立空气弹簧大客车整车动力学仿真模型，并对其平顺性进行仿真研究。     

半主动悬架系统的混合模糊控制

针对汽车多工况行驶对操纵稳定性和平顺性的综合要求,提出了一种基于混合模糊控制的半主动悬架整车控制策略。在Simulink-Stateflow中设计了混合控制器,以某车多体动力学模型为例进行了随机路面和蛇形道路上不同车速下的SIMPACK/Matlab联合仿真,最后基于dSPACE和试验车辆的硬件仿真平台,进行悬架系统实车测试。结果表明,所提出的混合模糊控制是可行的,能较好地改善车辆行驶平顺性和操纵稳定性。     

基于ADAMS/Car的整车操纵稳定性影响因素探讨

针对轿车悬架系统对车辆操纵稳定性有较大影响,利用机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了带有转向系统的某轿车模型。通过改变汽车的质心高度、质心前后位置、前悬架刚度、整车载荷和前后轮的侧偏刚度等汽车结构参数,以转向盘转角阶跃输入为例进行整车仿真,利用得到的仿真曲线对比分析这些汽车结构参数对操纵稳定性所造成的不同影响。     

车辆半主动悬架与助力转向集成控制的仿真研究

为协调车辆操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性,基于底盘系统动力学原理,建立了半主动悬架和电动助力转向的综合模型,对半主动悬架和电动助力转向系统进行集成控制.运用二次反馈法和PID策略分别对悬架的可调阻尼和转向系统的助力进行控制.仿真结果表明,在集成控制情况下,车辆的操纵稳定性和平顺性均优于悬架或转向单独控制的效果.     

汽车操控特性的虚拟试验研究

根据设计需要,建立了某汽车的多体动力学仿真模型,在基于国家标准规范的试验仿真环境中对其操控特性进行了预测。针对虚拟试验的结果提出了汽车操控特性的改进方案,分析表明该方案有效地改进了汽车的操纵稳定性,且对平顺性影响很小。     

Robust design optimization of suspension system by using target cascading method

This study presents the robust design optimization process of suspension system for improving vehicle dynamic performance (ride comfort, handling stability). The proposed design method is so called target cascading method where the design target of the system is cascaded from a vehicle level to a suspension system level. To formalize the proposed method in the view of design process, the design problem structure of suspension system is defined as a (hierarchical) multilevel design optimization, and the design problem for each level is solved using the robust design optimization technique based on a meta-model. Then, In order to verify the proposed design concept, it designed suspension system. For the vehicle level, 44 random variables with 3% of coefficient of variance (COV) were selected and the proposed design process solved the problem by using only 88 exact analyses that included 49 analyses for the initial meta-model and 39 analyses for SAO. For the suspension level, 54 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and the optimal designs solved the problem by using only 168 exact analyses for the front suspension system. Furthermore, 73 random variables with 10% of COV were selected and optimal designs solved the problem by using only 252 exact analyses for the rear suspension system. In order to compare the vehicle dynamic performance between the optimal design model and the initial design model, the ride comfort and the handling stability was analyzed and found to be improved by 16% and by 37%, respectively. This result proves that the suggested design method of suspension system is effective and systematic.     

某商用车多连杆系统力学性能仿真研究

文章基于有限元法,采用ABAQUS软件,对某商用车多连杆系统进行了CAE强度和屈曲刚度分析,结果显示横向拉杆、上纵连杆和横向稳定杆部件刚强度满足设计目标,力学性能满足目标,大幅提升了整车的操稳和舒适性能。     

悬架弹性元件最佳刚度分布的工程设计方法

基于车辆系统动、静力学分析及优化设计原理,提出了一种旨在揭示汽车悬架弹性元件最佳刚度分布的工程设计新方法,可确定满足整车平顺性和操纵稳定性协调设计要求的悬架弹性元件的刚度特性,从而为弹性元件的结构优化设计提供了目标依据,并通过一个工程实例验证了所提方法的有效性。     

多体动力学仿真分析在乘用车底盘调校中的应用

针对某乘用车开发FT阶段乘坐舒适性太差的问题,在该车型底盘调校过程中,通过灵敏度分析对底盘参数进行了优化。首先对减震器阻尼特性进行了调整,提出了多个优化方案,其次通过多体动力学建模及分析方法对优化方案进行了预测,最后通过实车的主、客观测评验证了参数优化方案的实际效果。结果表明,调校后的车辆在保证操控性的前提下,乘坐舒适性得到了改善。     

麦弗逊悬架系统仿真分析应用研究

汽车悬架类型的选择和悬架参数的差异对汽车的操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性具有重要的影响。主要分析了麦弗逊悬架的结构特点,并通过CATIA和ADAMS软件建立麦弗逊悬架的3D模型,对其进行仿真分析,得出悬架参数的优化设计方法。     

基于LQR控制的现代客车自适应空气悬架

长期在不良工况的道路上驾驶会降低驾驶员的乘坐舒适性。随着人们对乘坐舒适性需求不断提升,空气弹簧的优势尤为明显。文章提出了一种基于LQR控制策略的自适应空气悬架系统的创新设计方案,提出的LQR控制器采用粒子群算法进行优化。以客车空气悬架为研究对象,采用MATLAB软件对空气悬架系统的被动和自适应动力学模型进行了设计和仿真。仿真结果表明,自适应空气悬架系统在保证车辆稳定性的同时,降低了车辆在随机道路上的最大位移幅值,从而提高了车辆的平顺性。     

Modeling Human Vehicle Driving by Model Predictive Online Optimization

A driver model is designed which relates the driver's action to his perception, driving experience, and preferences over a wide range of possible traffic situations. The basic idea behind the work is that the human uses his sensory perception and his expert knowledge to predict the vehicle's future behavior for the next few seconds (prediction model). At a certain sampling rate the vehicle's future motion is optimized using this prediction model, in order to meet certain objectives. The human tries to follow this optimal behavior using a compensatory controller. Based on this hypothesis, human vehicle driving is modeled by a hierarchical controller. A repetitive nonlinear optimization is employed to plan the vehicle's future motion (trajectory planning task), using an SQP algorithm. This is combined with a PID tracking control to minimize its deviations. The trajectory planning scheme is experimentally verified for undisturbed driving situations employing various objectives, namely ride comfort, lane keeping, and minimized speed variation. The driver model is then applied to study path planning during curve negotiation under various preferences. A highly dynamic avoidance maneuver (standardized ISO double lane change) is then simulated to investigate the overall stability of the closed loop vehicle/driver system.     

State observer-based sliding mode control for semi-active hydro-pneumatic suspension

This paper proposes an improved virtual reference model for semi-active suspension to coordinate the vehicle ride comfort and handling stability. The reference model combines the virtues of sky-hook with ground-hook control logic, and the hybrid coefficient is tuned according to the longitudinal and lateral acceleration so as to improve the vehicle stability especially in high-speed condition. Suspension state observer based on unscented Kalman filter is designed. A sliding mode controller (SMC) is developed to track the states of the reference model. The stability of the SMC strategy is proven by means of Lyapunov function taking into account the nonlinear damper characteristics and sprung mass variation of the vehicle. Finally, the performance of the controller is demonstrated under three typical working conditions: the random road excitation, speed bump road and sharp acceleration and braking. The simulation results indicated that, compared with the traditional passive suspension, the proposed control algorithm can offer a better coordination between vehicle ride comfort and handling stability. This approach provides a viable alternative to costlier active suspension control systems for commercial vehicles.