规则波作用下方形排柱附近水流特性数值模拟

为研究规则波作用下方形排柱附近流动特性,基于计算流体力学软件FLOW-3D,运用质量源造波方法,离散RNG k-ε方程控制下的雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程建立无反射三维数值波浪水槽.与物理模型试验结果对比,建立的数值模型性能良好.运用数值计算结果,分析排柱周围自由表面三维运动特征和方形排柱周围速度场与涡量场分...     

带推力矢量喷管导弹水下发射的流动数值模拟

提出了一种带推力矢量喷管导弹水下发射的三维流体动力数值模拟方法.三维气流场计算基于贴体坐标下欧拉方程,采用NND方法进行数值离散.三维水流场则采用基于势流理论的Hess-Smith面无法.运用混合的欧拉一拉格朗日方法跟踪气、水界面的变化.水流场和气流场的耦合计算通过水气界面处压力和法向速度连续的匹配条件来实现.通过数值实验,研究了燃气泡的三维特征和喷管摆角对流体动力载荷的影响.     

新型防波堤消浪特性数值模型的建立与验证

为探究新型圆弧护面透空式防波堤的水动力特性,建立三维数值波浪水槽,对其开展模拟研究工作。本文从模型的建立、自由面追踪技术和方程的离散求解等方面对数学模型进行了详细的阐述,利用实验数据对计算结果进行了验证,验证结果表明,该数值模拟方法的计算结果与实验数据有很好的相关性,证明本文构建的数值模型可以用于防波堤的波浪结构特点分析和附近的流场计算研究。     

三维弹性液舱晃荡数值模拟

文章建立了弹性液舱晃荡的数值计算方法。结构域采用有限元法进行离散,流体域的控制方程则采用有限体积法进行数值离散,结构域和流体域之间通过ALE法实现耦合。文中以31.6万吨VLCC实船的液舱简化模型为研究对象,基于MSC.Dytran对液舱内的晃荡载荷以及与弹性液舱的耦合作用进行了计算。首先将舱壁刚化,晃荡载荷与其它CFD计算结果进行比对,验证了计算方法的可行性及正确性。然后在此方法的基础上,模拟了三维弹性液舱内液体的晃荡,以研究外界激励、装载率等参数变化对晃荡载荷与响应的影响,揭示了弹性液舱内液体的晃荡特性。     

内流对两端铰支水下输油管线管壁应力影响的数值分析

针对两端铰支水下输油管道,分别采用三维弹性动力学方程和N-S方程模拟管道与内部流体;借助ADINA有限元计算软件,管线采用壳模型四边形9节点单元离散,内部流体采用四面体4节点单元离散,通过在流固边界上反复迭代,实现管线及内部流体系统的三维流固耦合计算.管线外部环境条件考虑了管线外壁水压力的分布.依据数值计算得到的管线耦合系统的固有频率与HOUSNER方程的理论解的比较,探讨了不同内流流速对不同跨长管线管壁应力的影响,以及考虑管线外壁水压力作用的计算结果与通常假定管线在空气中的计算结果的差别.     

非淹没丁坝三维绕流数值模拟

通过应用非线性三维紊流数值模型,并采用有限体积法对模型控制方程进行离散,对非淹没丁坝绕流进行数值模拟仿真分析,给出了三维流场、压力分布场、剪应力分布场等信息,计算结果均基本符合非淹没丁坝绕流的实际情况,结果表明该非线性模型是可取的,数值模拟结果具有一定的可信度.     

多液舱晃荡与船体运动耦合数值研究

针对多液舱养殖工船耐波性数值研究计算量过大的问题，建立了一套耦合数值求解系统。使用脉冲响应函数法求解船体运动方程，基于计算流体力学方法数值模拟液舱晃荡，在时域上离散求解两者的耦合方程。讨论了CFD软件FLUENT的用户自定义函数的编制，验证了横摇回转中心位于重心所在轴线的假设的合理性。为验证计算方法的有效性，在循环水槽中进行了不同载液率下的横摇自由衰减试验。对比数值模拟结果与试验结果，计算的横摇角时历与试验值吻合良好，验证了该方法的有效性，为高效数值研究养殖工船耐波性打下了基础。     

数值波浪水池及顶浪中船舶水动力计算

基于粘流理论建立了三维数值波浪水池,模拟了非线性波浪,并对规则波顶浪中前进的拘束船模的水动力进行了计算.数值模拟中,控制方程-RANS方程和连续性方程使用有限体积法离散,非线性自由面采用VOF方法处理;在入口边界模拟柔性造波板运动产生入射波,使用位于波浪水池尾部的人工阻尼区消波.给出了非线性规则波的模拟结果以及规则波顶浪中前进的拘束船模的水动力计算结果,并与理论解及DUT(Delfi University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,二者吻合良好.     

基于两相流的三维自由面流动模型研究

考虑到复杂界面流的需要,基于三维非稳态的Navier-Stokes方程,采用有限体积法进行数值离散,在构造高分辨率STACS格式的VOF方法的基础上,建立基于气液两相流的三维自由面流动模型,并实现了程序的并行化。应用该模型对旋转流场、三维变形场和溃坝波在湿边界上传播运动等自由面流动问题进行数值模拟,计算结果表明模型模拟复杂自由面的运动具有较高的精度,计算效率高,可为进一步研究波浪对船舶的作用、船行波对航道整治建筑物、岸坡的作用提供基础。     

伪谱方法对平板层流边界层的数值模拟

本文对平板在自由来流情况下的层流边界层用伪谱方法进行了数值模拟。直接用伪谱矩阵方法对边界层方程进行离散并编程计算，与经典结果相比较，发现本文结果较好，下一步研究工作有了可靠的基础。     

航行船体周围稳态流场计算的双重面积分方法

将Galerkin方法与虚拟面元源汇分布方法相结合，发展了用于求解航行船体三维非均匀稳态流场速度势及其高阶偏微分的双重面积分方法。为验证该方法的有效性，进行了半浸圆球稳态流场的数值计算。通过与圆球绕流问题解析解的比较，表明积分表面单元划分和虚拟单元的设置方式等对最终数值结果的影响可忽略不计。本文方法有助于对航行船体的水弹性力学特性进行更合理和更完善的分析。     

Interaction of two three-dimensional explosion bubbles

The interaction of two underwater explosion bubbles was mathematically analyzed in this paper. Based on the assumption of potential flow, high-order curved elements were used to discretize the boundary integral equation and solve it. Assuming that gas inside the bubble follows the isentropic rule, the Euler-Lagrange method was used to trace the evolution of the bubble, and when calculating the singular integral, the singularity of the double-layer singular integral was eliminated by reconstructing a principal-value integral of double-layer potential so that a more precise result could be obtained. Elastic mesh technique (EMT) was also used when tracing the evolution of the bubble interface, and numerical smoothing wasn't needed. A comparison of calculations using this three-dimensional model with results of the Reyleigh-Plesset bubble model shows that the three-dimensional model and calculation method in this paper is practical. This three-dimensional model was applied to simulate the interaction of two bubbles under the action of gravity, and the dynamic characteristics of two bubbles near the surface was also analyzed. Bubbles influenced by surface effects and gravity present severe non-linearity. This paper provides a reference for research into the dynamics of multi-bubbles.     

应用空间有限元模型进行船舶总振动特性的研究

本文以17500吨货船“海建”号为实例研究应用空间有限元模型计算船舶总振动的方法。对于实际船舶结构中的板,提出用平面应力元简化,以减少计算自由度数,由此产生的问题采用节点主从关系的方法解决。在编制的计算程序中,根据质量矩阵高度稀疏的特点,采用了稀疏存储技术,从而使船舶整体空间模型的振动分析能在国产中小型机器上实现。实例计算结果和测量结果的比较表明,这种计算模型合理、可靠。本文还对船舶总振动计算的梁模型、平面有限元模型、空间有限元模型作了比较和讨论。     

气泡动力学数值模型的稳定性研究

基于势流假设,建立气泡动力学数值模型,并开发计算程序.系统地分析了不同模型、不同单元类型的计算精度,以及网格划分、时间步等因素对计算结果的影响,验证了本文数值模型的收敛性,并在计算过程中分析了动能、势能及总能量随时间的变化.为考核文中建立的气泡动力学计算模型的有效性,分别将轴对称模型及三维模型与Rayleigh-Plesset气泡模型的精确解及实验数据、实验照片进行了对比分析,分析表明,计算结果与Rayleigh-Plesset模型及实验数据吻合很好,表明文中建立的计算模型是可行的、有效的.并分析了气泡在重力场中的运动特性.     

基于三维解析法的船舶碰撞外部动力学研究

目前国际上船舶碰撞外部动力学的解析法研究均局限于船体碰撞运动的二维假设,忽略了可能存在的大幅横摇。依据文献[1]给出的二维船舶碰撞数学模型,建立了包括横移、纵移、首摇和横摇在内的三维船舶碰撞数学模型,并编制程序对文献[2]中的算例进行计算,计算结果表明船舶横摇运动在大多数船舶碰撞情况下是不可忽略的。     

An analytical investigation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional biplanes operating in the vicinity of a free surface

In the present article, the classical two- and three-dimensional lifting theories are generalized to the biplane operating in proximity to a free surface. The singularity distribution method is employed to calculate the lifting force for a two-dimensional biplane subjected to wing-in-ground effect in the vicinity of a free surface, and the three-dimensional correction is carried out by the aid of the Prandtl lifting line theory. The essential techniques lie in finding the three-dimensional Green’s function for the system of horseshoe vortices operating above a free surface and ensuring numerical implementation. Extensive numerical examples are carried out to show the lift coefficient for the two- and three-dimensional biplanes in the vicinity of a free surface with the variation of the clearance-to-chord ratio and the height-to-chord ratio. Incidentally, the induced (inviscid) drag coefficients as well as the lift-to-drag ratio for a three-dimensional biplane are also computed. Good agreement can be found among results obtained from this study and the experiment.     

粘性流体数值波浪水池研究

数值波浪水池是近年来船舶流体力学方向的前沿课题,本文采用Fluent软件,利用VOF模型捕捉自由液面,结合RNGk?ε湍流模型,求解N-S方程,对目前数值造波较为典型的仿物理造波法和直接造波法在二维模式下进行分析,并对三维模式的数值造波作了初步分析.在仿物理造波法中模拟真实水池中推板式造波机,利用动网格和阻尼消波技术,生成规则波的情况.在直接造波法中,利用给定入口边界速度或压力并结合阻尼消波技术,在数值水池模拟规则波,得到直接造波法的数值波形与理论波形的吻合度要优于仿物理造波法的结果.为在数值波浪水池中对船舶水动力性能预报奠定基础.     

Acoustic excitation of hull surfaces by propeller sources

We present preliminary results from our new ship motion model that includes both strong and weak three-dimensional interactions between environmental surface waves and ship bodies in arbitrary water depth. The linear solutions of steady flow using the new model agree well with those obtained using the Green function methods. When the Froude number Fn is large, the fully nonlinear solutions of our model are significantly different from linear solutions, even in calm water. The interactions between the ship and incident gravity waves are completely different from those in linear solutions even with small Fn and moderate-amplitude surface waves (e.g., Fn = 0.25 and a significant wave height of about 1–3m).     

带反弧角的直立堤平均越浪量计算方法比较

反弧角对降低平均越浪量有良好效果,但不同的文献和规范给出的相关计算方法存在差异。根据国内外学者基于三维波浪模型的试验成果以及相关的规范、文献,并结合实际工程的物模试验,对带反弧角直立式堤平均越浪量的各种计算方法进行分析比较。结果表明,Eur Otop法适用性广且结果贴近试验值,CEM法公式简单且结果保守,可为类似的港口工程提供参考。     

Three-dimensional numerical investigation of the separation process in a vortex tube at different operating conditions

Air separators provide safe, clean, and appropriate air flow to engines and are widely used in vehicles with large engines such as ships and submarines. In this operational study, the separation process inside a Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube cleaning (cooling) system is investigated to analyze the impact of the operating gas type on the vortex tube performance; the operating gases used are air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. The computational fluid dynamic model used is equipped with a three-dimensional structure, and the steady-state condition is applied during computations. The standard k–ε turbulence model is employed to resolve nonlinear flow equations, and various key parameters, such as hot and cold exhaust thermal drops, and power separation rates, are described numerically. The results show that nitrogen dioxide creates the greatest separation power out of all gases tested, and the numerical results are validated by good agreement with available experimental data. In addition, a comparison is made between the use of two different boundary conditions, the pressure-far-field and the pressure-outlet, when analyzing complex turbulent flows inside the air separators. Results present a comprehensive and practical solution for use in future numerical studies.