FSRU-LNGC旁靠作业运动响应

对浮式储存及再气化装置(FSRU)-液化天然气船(LNGC)多浮体系泊系统在风、浪、流联合作用下的水动力响应进行研究。提出一种多浮体系泊系统旁靠作业的布置方式,通过数值模拟得到风、浪、流联合作用下该系统六自由度运动及相对运动、缆绳张力和护舷受力的响应时程,分析给出连接缆绳预张力对船舶运动响应、缆绳张力和护舷受力的影响规律。结果表明,该布置方式可满足选择的环境载荷使用要求,所采用的数值模拟方法对同类多浮体系泊系统运动分析有参考意义。     

不同系泊模式LNG旁靠超大型FSRU系泊系统设计及水动力性能分析

本文采用规范设计、理论分析和数值仿真相结合的方法,建立LNG船与LNG-FSRU两船旁靠系泊的理论和数值分析模型,对LNG旁靠FSRU码头系泊和软钢臂单点系泊两种典型系泊模式下的转运及卸载作业进行数值分析.同时考虑外部海洋环境风、浪、流组合作用下的综合作业工况,确定FSRU与LNG近距离旁靠作业时系泊设备、缆绳种类、固定式和漂浮式护舷的选型和布置,对LNG、FSRU船的运动特性以及运动过程中缆绳张力和护舷受力开展统计分析,优化系泊系统布置和参数.在系泊系统设计和分析的基础上,根据系泊缆的直径、所受最大张力值,为系泊设备选型提供参考,便于开展码头系泊系统和单点系泊系统布置研究.基于旁靠系泊的设计标准提出LNG-FSRU安全作业的最大允许海况,为LNG-FSRU的运营提供可靠的技术保障.     

FSRU-LNGC旁靠作业运动响应研究

浮式储存及再气化装置（FSRU）-液化天然气船（LNGC）多浮体系泊系统在风、浪、流的联合作用下水动力响应复杂。首先提出一种多浮体系泊系统旁靠作业的布置方式,然后通过数值模拟得到对风浪流联合作用下该系统六自由度运动及相对运动、缆绳张力和护舷受力的响应时程,最后分析给出预张力对船舶运动响应、缆绳张力及护舷受力的影响规律。结果表明：该布置方式在选择的环境载荷下可以满足使用要求,所采用数值模拟方法对同类多浮体系泊系统运动分析有参考意义。     

浮式LNG码头双船系泊布置优化设计

浮式LNG码头指浮式LNG接收终端(FSRU)与LNG船舶靠泊、作业的码头,国外多采用双船并靠方式进行作业,国内尚无先例。两艘大型LNG船舶并靠与常规码头在缆绳受力、平面布置有较大差别。根据某浮式LNG码头双船系泊项目,从泊位长度、缆绳数量及平面布置进行了分析研究。受风流影响为主的码头一般在满载时内档船舶倒缆受力最大,可增加FSRU艏艉缆数量、适当加大泊位长度并将艏艉缆系缆墩前移以减小艏艉缆角度可改善倒缆受力状态,宜对称布置缆绳。     

LNG并靠外输作业时水动力性能数值研究

利用水动力分析软件HydroSTAR和锚系泊软件Ariane7,对LNG浮式储存及再气化装置(LNG-FSRU)和穿梭LNG船(Shuttle-LNG)组成的多浮体系统在并靠外输作业时的水动力性能进行分析研究.重点对单船和并靠下的RAO曲线进行了对比;在一定环境组合下考虑水动力相互干扰的因素,对多浮体系统进行了时域分析,得到了此海况下的船体运动、相对运动、两船之间系泊缆张力以及护舷反力等的特性,可为装卸臂的设计和实际工程应用提供相关技术依据.     

FPSO与穿梭油轮的旁靠时域分析及系统优化

[目的]针对FPSO在中国南海海域的作业海况,对多点系泊系统和FPSO与穿梭油轮的旁靠耦合系统进行时域分析及优化研究。[方法]运用AQWA及势流理论进行时域分析,优化系泊缆分段及其比例、导缆孔位置,并使用Fluent数值求解方法,分析两船旁靠时吃水变化对风浪流载荷的影响。[结果]结果表明:顶段为200 m钢缆、底段为316 m船链最适合200 m水深的FPSO多点系泊结构;旁靠缆张紧或者旁靠缆增重可以降低穿梭油轮的运动幅度,将导缆孔位置向船舯移动后,护舷和系泊缆的受力更加均匀;当旁靠缆重量为135 kg/m时,护舷和旁靠缆受力极值和平均值达到最小。[结论]所得结果可加深系泊参数对系泊缆张力及船舶运动影响的理解,并对优化系泊方案设计具有一定的参考价值。     

船舶护舷的现状和发展趋势

随着船舶的大型化和靠泊码头的需要,船舶的护舷器材经历了用棕绳做成的靠球、实心橡胶护舷到浮式充气橡胶靠球几个阶段。浮式充气橡胶靠球具有角形压缩的可行性、吸收能量高、船壳板受到的压力小及随浪运动性好等诸多优点,因此被广泛使用。国际标准规定的两种浮式充气橡胶靠球的类型为高压型和低压型。其中,低压型是2014版的充气护舷标准中新增加的品种,反映了国际上充气护舷的新需求和新的发展趋势。新出现的靠球品种有注水靠球、游艇靠球、聚氨酯实心靠球等,对靠球的气密性、弹性变形量、压缩复原性、平行压缩性能、角形压缩性能和耐久性能做了简单介绍,并介绍了在船与船的接舷作业、码头防护时,充气橡胶靠球的用途和安装方法。可通过对冲撞能量的计算,经济合理地选用恰当尺寸的靠球。     

旁靠补给系泊系统研究

本文建立一种旁靠补给系泊系统,目标船舶和补给船通过缆绳连接,两船之间设置有浮箱防止碰撞,浮箱两面均设置有护舷起缓冲作用。本文重点研究旁靠系泊系统的动力特性,并在频域和时域进行研究,频域研究中得到船舶的幅值响应算子RAO;时域研究得到两船相对位移响应和缆绳的张力最大值,通过设置不同的系泊系统组成参数等,研究各个参数对系泊系统运动稳定性的影响。本文可为未来的旁靠补给方式研究提供一定的参考,有较高的工程实用价值。     

旁靠补给系泊系统研究

本文建立一种旁靠补给系泊系统,目标船舶和补给船通过缆绳连接,两船之间设置有浮箱防止碰撞,浮箱两面均设置有护舷起缓冲作用.本文重点研究旁靠系泊系统的动力特性,并在频域和时域进行研究,频域研究中得到船舶的幅值响应算子RAO;时域研究得到两船相对位移响应和缆绳的张力最大值,通过设置不同的系泊系统组成参数等,研究各个参数对系泊系统运动稳定性的影响.本文可为未来的旁靠补给方式研究提供一定的参考,有较高的工程实用价值.     

55000DWT自卸散货船护舷设备设计和布置

船对船驳载作业,当两船旁靠并排装卸货时,为了避免两船直接碰撞造成危险,需要在相互旁靠的两舷之间设置足够吸收其冲击能量的橡胶护舷和附件。介绍了护舷设备组成、OCIMF规则的推荐布置、碰垫的理论选取方法,并以55000DWT自卸船为例,介绍了实船碰垫的选取和安装。对船舶起到更好的防护作用。     

Dynamic analysis of a dual-spar floating offshore wind farm with shared moorings in extreme environmental conditions

The concept of a shared mooring system was proposed to reduce mooring and anchoring costs. Shared moorings also add complexity to the floating offshore wind farm system and pose design challenges. To understand the system dynamics, this paper presents a dynamic analysis for a dual-spar floating offshore wind farm with a shared mooring system in extreme environmental conditions. First, a numerical model of the floating offshore wind farm was established in a commercial simulation tool. Then, time-domain simulations were performed for the parked wind farm under extreme wind and wave conditions. A sensitivity study was carried out to investigate the influence of loading directions and shared line mooring properties. To highlight the influence of the shared line, the results were compared to those of a single spar floating wind turbine, and larger platform motions and higher tension loads in single lines are observed for the wind farm with shared moorings. The loading direction affects the platform motions and mooring response of the floating offshore wind farm. Comparing the investigated loading directions to the 0-deg loading direction, the variation of mean mooring tension at the fairlead is up to 84% for single lines and 16% for the shared line. The influence of the shared line properties in the platform motions and the structural responses is limited. These findings improve understanding of the dynamic characteristics of floating offshore wind farms with a shared mooring system.     

并靠状态下潜没式护舷力学性能分析

针对潜没式护舷的结构形式和性能特点,采用有限元分析方法建立橡胶护舷单体、并靠两船和潜没式护舷整体及局部的有限元模型。以两船并靠状态下的运动响应结果为输入条件,对船体和潜没式护舷的低速碰撞问题进行评估,分析并靠状态下潜没式护舷力学性能,并对护舷系统进行优化设计,为海上并靠方案和潜没式护舷方案提供设计依据。     

船行波对系泊船的影响因素

针对船行波对系泊船的影响因素问题,阐述船行波形成机理及重要性,基于工程实例,采用OPTIMOOR系泊分析软件对系泊船舶受到的船行波波浪力和缆绳张力进行计算,得出影响船行波对系泊船舶作用的4个因素,主要表现为:系泊船的缆绳张力随着航行船舶航速、排水量的增大而增大,随着船舶横向间距、航行水深的增大而减小。码头运营时应通过合理引航调度船舶并有效约束上述因素以保障作业安全。     

Time domain simulation of a one line failure for a DP-assisted mooring system

This paper focuses on the research of a semi-submersible platform equipped with a DP-assisted mooring system. Based on the working principles of the DP-assisted mooring system and the model of the platform motion, a time domain simulation program is applied to analyze the impact, in the case of one line failure, on the platform motion, power consumption of the thrusters and the tension of the mooring lines. The results show that, under the 10-year wind dominant, a one line failure will have little impact on the tension of the mooring lines. When the failure line is windward, the power consumption will increase greatly with a weakened position of accuracy. However when the failure line is leeward, the power consumption will be reduced with a partly strengthened oosition of accuracy.     

锚泊辅助动力定位单缆失效时域模拟（英文）

This paper focuses on the research of a semi-submersible platform equipped with a DP-assisted mooring system. Based on the working principles of the DP-assisted mooring system and the model of the platform motion, a time domain simulation program is applied to analyze the impact, in the case of one line failure, on the platform motion, power consumption of the thrusters and the tension of the mooring lines. The results show that, under the10-year wind dominant, a one line failure will have little impact on the tension of the mooring lines. When the failure line is windward,the power consumption will increase greatly with a weakened position of accuracy. However when the failure line is leeward, the power consumption will be reduced with a partly strengthened position of accuracy.     

Truss Spar平台在不同系泊线组合下的动态响应分析（英文）

The dynamic responses of any floating platform are dependent on the mass, stiffness and damping characteristics of the body as well as mooring system. Therefore, it is very essential to study the effect of individual contributions to the system that can finally help to economise their cost. This paper focuses on the effect of mooring stiffness on the responses of a truss spar platform, obtained by different grouping of lines. The study is part of our present researches on mooring systems which include the effect of line pretension, diameter and azimuth angles. The platform is modelled as a rigid body with three degrees-of-freedom and its motions are analyzed in time-domain using the implicit Newmark Beta technique. The mooring lines restoring force-excursion relationship is evaluated using a quasi-static approach. It is observed that the mooring system with lines arranged in less number of groups exhibits better performance in terms of the restoring forces as well as mean position of platform. However, the dynamic motions of platform remain unaffected for different line groups.     

LNG旁靠FSRU码头系泊的水动力性能试验研究

本文对码头系泊的FSRU和LNG船的水动力性能进行了研究,分别对FSRU单船码头和FSRU-LNGC并排码头系泊进行了模型试验.码头与船和船与船之间均采用系泊缆和靠垫进行连接.试验中考虑了风、流、浪等环境因素对码头系泊系统的影响.在风浪流模型试验中,分别测量了不同海况下系泊系统的动态响应,其中包括FSRU和LNG船的六自由度运动响应、系泊缆张力和靠垫接触力.相比较其它浪向,横浪(90°)引起的船舶运动更大,进而导致系泊缆和靠垫的受力增大.结果还表明,FSRU单船码头系泊在所有海况下安全性较好,但对于LNG船旁靠FSRU码头系泊系统,其对环境的响应非常敏感,尤其是横浪环境.     

长周期波浪影响下连片式码头系泊布置优化

为改善长周期波浪影响下连片式码头的泊稳条件,结合工程实例,利用数值分析软件分析长周期波浪作用下连片式码头系泊船舶的缆绳张力、船舶运动量特点,提出改善长周期波浪影响下泊位系泊稳定性的关键因素。结果表明,随着波周期的增大,系泊船舶的缆绳张力、船舶运动量均会显著增大;系泊优化的关键在于增加系泊体系的弹性以便吸收船舶的动能量。系泊优化措施包括增加缆绳长度、采用非刚性缆绳系泊或增加缆绳的尼龙尾缆长度。采取系泊优化措施后,可大幅降低长周期波浪作用下缆绳张力,达到系泊布置优化目的。