喷水推进船获流区流场数值模拟

喷水推进是一种特种推进技术，利用吸入与喷出水流的动量差产生推力。在考察船体对喷水推进系统的作用时，通常需要获取进水口前方获流区的动量通量。利用CFD方法对一艘喷水推进三体船模型的自航性能进行模拟，考察船体纵倾、升沉和自由面的影响。采用流量边界条件法对泵的喷射作用进行简化，可提高计算效率。通过流线确定获流区形状，考察获流区进流的动量、动能和边界层影响系数，并与模型试验结果进行比较。在此基础上，对某四泵喷水推进船获流区流场进行数值模拟，考察进速比和流道进口特征对获流区的影响，为四泵喷水推进船舶的设计提供支撑。     

New method for predicting full-scale power performance of pumpjet propulsion system based on statistical learning北大核心CSCD

[目的]针对“适配于螺旋桨的船尾线型+泵喷推进器”构成的船舶泵喷推进系统,提出一种基于统计学习的实船快速性预报新方法。[方法]以某大型水面船舶泵喷推进系统为对象,通过神经网络学习典型推进泵的推力系数图谱曲线,综合运用船-桨配合时的K_(T)-J曲线和船体-喷泵配合时的推力特性曲线,建立“仅需船舶阻力曲线就能实现船舶泵喷推进系统实船快速性预报”的新方法,并基于船模阻力试验、泵喷模型敞水试验及船体-泵喷自航试验的测量换算结果对实船推进性能的预报结果开展精度校验。[结果]校验结果表明:在航速18~30 kn范围内,船舶泵喷推进系统的自航转速、推力和功率的预报误差可控制在5.4%以内,其中设计航速附近的误差甚至小于2%;船体-泵喷的相互作用程度介于船-桨与船体-喷泵之间且幅值相对较小,推力减额系数为趋向于0的极小值,故船舶泵喷推进系统是介于桨轴推进系统和喷水推进系统之间的产物。[结论]该预报方法有利于提升船舶泵喷推进系统实船快速性预报的能力,可为新型舰艇泵类推进系统总体设计/研究提供参考。     

一种新型喷水推进操纵装置

本文介绍了一种用于喷水推进船舶的新型操纵装置。它具有两种结构形式,分别适用于单泵和双泵喷水推进船。这种操纵装置既可作为控制面来控制船舶的航向,又可作为倒航机构使船倒航,还可在不改变主机运转工况下无级调节船的航速。最后介绍了此种操纵装置的模型试验结果。试验表明该装置能有效地控制船舶正倒航的航向和调节船舶的航速。     

自航条件下船泵耦合的喷水推进特性数值分析

为了研究喷水推进船航速及运动姿态对推进特性的影响,采用CFD方法,对不同航速和姿态下的一艘喷水推进三体船进行自航计算。研究发现,在不考虑姿态的变化时,随着喷水推进装置转速的提高,航速提高,喷水推进装置导叶通道内贴近吸力面一侧流动分离减轻,推进性能提高。当航速和转速不变,仅改变运动姿态时,随着艏倾的增大,喷水推进装置入口处船底边界层变厚,动量影响系数减小,流道内流动不均匀性改善,而且推力增加;随着船体吃水深度的增加,喷水推进装置性能变化不明显,而当吃水深度过小时会引发空气吸入,性能将严重下降。这项目研究为喷水推进装置的优化设计及其与船体的匹配提供了有益参考。     

低速作业工况船模拖带自航试验

针对多工况船舶低速作业工况下的螺旋桨设计及拖力预报问题,在船模拖带自航试验及实船拖力预报一般方法的基础上,提出拖带自航试验应采取固定航速变拖力的方式进行,以考虑不同拖力对螺旋桨负荷及推进因子的影响。以一艘拖网渔船为例,分别采用常规方法及所提出方法进行拖带自航试验及实船拖力预报并进行比较,分析拖力大小对推进因子的影响规律。结果表明,拖航工况下推进因子随船模拖力变化而变化,采用所提出拖带自航试验方法可更真实地模拟实船低速作业工况下的螺旋桨负荷,且预报实船拖力更为方便和直观。     

喷水推进船舶航向稳定性分析

喷水推进是一种船舶推进方式,喷水推进器依靠进流与出流的动量差产生推力,会对船体周围的流动产生显著影响。基于裸船体计算得到的操纵性水动力系数与喷水推进器工作状态下得到的预报之间存在差异,这将影响船舶操纵性的预报。研究项目利用平面运动机构(PMM),分别开展带喷水推进装置的船舶操纵性水动力系数模型试验和相同工况下的裸船体试验,对比各项操纵性水动力系数的变化情况,总结出喷水推进装置对船舶航行稳定性的影响,找到关键的影响因素,为深入探究喷水推进器进出流动对船舶操纵性能的影响打好基础。     

喷水推进船操纵性水动力导数影响的试验研究

采用数学模型进行船舶操纵性模拟是常用的方法，但喷水推进船航速高、回转时横倾大，还会出现侧滑现象，有必要开展操纵性水动力影响的研究。论文采用大振幅平面运动机构开展了高速单体喷水推进船的斜航、纯横荡和纯摇首运动的模型试验，在不同航速下对带有喷水推进的船体和裸船体进行水动力测试，分析了与上述运动相关的水动力导数。试验表明，高航速引起的船舶升沉和纵倾等运动姿态较大的变化以及喷水推进作用下船体产生的“虚尾”，使操纵性水动力导数受到很大影响。还发现该船在两个试验航速下都不具有航向稳定性，在总体设计时需要考虑初始尾倾，以消除喷水推进产生的不利影响，必要时需增加呆木或稳定鳍，用于改善航向稳定性。     

喷水推进高速三体滑行艇数值自航研究

为了验证计算流体力学(CFD)方法预报滑行艇自由液面粘性流场的精确度,判断为某三体滑行艇设计的喷水推进器能否满足快速性要求,采用CFD方法对某喷水推进高速(1Fr_L1.8)三体滑行艇进行两相流的数值自航,并与试验值比较。运用切割体网格技术并基于RANS VOF求解,首先计算了五个不同速度下的裸艇阻力。结果表明:阻力系数最大误差8.3%,最小误差0.5%,达到了较好的计算精度;采用等推力系数法,在模型尺度下进行"滑行艇+喷泵"的数值自航,将结果推算到实尺度艇,结果表明该喷泵可以达到设计航速;高速航行时推力减额为负的主要原因是艇首尾压差阻力的显著降低。计算结果显示,考虑自由液面时滑行艇底部会出现不合理的水气分布,这影响到滑行艇的阻力性能和喷泵的推进性能,通过局部网格加密可以显著减少艇底非正常水气分布,但艇底气水层难以完全消除,这可能是CFD方法预报滑行艇阻力精度难以控制的原因之一。     

水翼艇喷水推进器的运转性能浅析

在进行喷水推进自航试验水翼艇的研制工作中,为了弄清转速、航速(指进流速度,以下同)、主机功率和艇阻力之间的相互关系,以及预报试航中可能出现的向题,曾效仿螺旋桨的运转性能图谱(检查图谱或定额图谱,见图1)进行了喷水推进器的运转性能计算[1]。经计算发现:当水泵转速恒定时,喷水推进器     

ITTC规程下喷水推进三体船自航试验研究进展

2005年ITTC组织第24届大会上确认了高速船喷水推进性能预报试验规程,在此规程下国外学者对喷水推进船自航试验进行了大量研究,试验研究条件基本成熟;国内高校和研究所对独立泵试验研究有一定成果,但及时开展船体-推进泵联合系统自航实验研究迫在眉睫,针对喷水推进三体船的自航试验研究意义重大。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。