湛江霞山港区深厚老沉积土地基钢管桩承载力试验分析

通过深厚老沉积土地区钢管桩的压桩试验、拔桩试验和桩身轴力试验,探讨了深厚老沉积土地区钢管桩压桩和拔桩的土阻力分布规律,得出如下结论:深厚老沉积土地区钢管桩压桩状态下侧阻力均值为76.79 MPa,比一般黏性土高27.5%~30.6%;老沉积土拔桩状态下的侧阻力值达到42.4~52.8 MPa;老沉积土拔桩侧阻力和压桩侧阻力的比值均值为0.84,比一般黏性土值要高5%;老沉积土压桩和拔桩侧阻力较为恒定,随着土层埋深和土层厚度的变化较小。这对深厚老沉积土地基中钢管桩的理论研究和工程应用具有指导作用。     

深厚软土地基钢管桩静载试验研究

通过对软土地基中1根桩长52.5 m、桩径1 m的钢管桩的压桩试验、拔桩试验和水平静载试验,探讨软土地基中钢管桩工程性状和分布规律。结果表明:软土地基钢管桩水平静载试验的最大弯矩值在泥面以下2倍桩径处,且不随着荷载的增加而改变;软土地基的水平静载试验,按照按泥面位移10 mm进行位移控制时,其m值可取3 500 kN/m~4;软土地基由于侧阻力较小,压桩试验时,传递至桩底的轴力值与桩顶荷载的比例可达30%,而拔桩时,该值为12%左右。     

乐清湾大桥超长大直径后压浆灌注桩的自平衡试验研究

基于乐清湾大桥及接线工程的1根超长大直径钻孔灌注桩,通过对桩端后压浆钻孔灌注桩进行自平衡试验,研究桩端后压浆对含黏性土角砾层超长大直径钻孔灌注桩的承载变形特性。结果表明,桩端压力浆液上返能有效地改善了下段桩的桩土边界条件,并增大了桩侧剪切界面阻力和粗糙度,使得下段桩桩侧摩阻力提高了66.67%,且对桩的荷载传递特性产生明显影响;在含黏性土角砾层中桩端后压浆钻孔灌注桩承载力随着桩顶沉降的增加而增加,且在达到极限状态时,极限承载力的可提高幅度58.14%,端阻力可提高幅度60.64%。此外,在含黏性土角砾层中采用桩端后压浆技术不仅可以通过增强端阻力来提升桩基极限承载力,还能提高桩侧摩阻力,且桩侧摩阻力的提高也成为提升桩基承载力的主要原因。     

海上密实碎石土持力层钢管桩沉桩及承载特性试验研究

由于缺乏海相密实碎石土持力层中钢管桩的工程实例及研究，依托秘鲁某港口工程，研究碎石土持力层中钢管桩的沉桩及承载特性。在国内开展模拟试验，获得模拟沉桩参数后，进行沉桩可打性分析及完善施工策划，随后在现场进行试沉桩、高应变和静载试验并测试侧阻力与端阻力。结果表明：开口钢管桩在进入密实碎石土持力层后，其承载力、单位面积侧阻力和端阻力将随入土深度增加而增大，但增大幅度会逐渐减小；但在进入持力层1 m后沉桩变得困难，此后碎石土的单位面积端阻力将逐渐稳定，其单位面积极限端阻力不小于10.5 MPa；钢管桩的端阻力主要由桩端阻力提供，土塞承载力提供的反力较小，开口管桩土塞系数取相对低值。     

深厚黏土层中超长钢管桩工程性状分析

通过对海南洋浦深厚沉积层中70~76 m的超长钢管桩试桩和沉桩过程高应变动测,探讨了深厚沉积层中超长钢管 桩工程性状,得出如下结论： 1）深厚黏土层中超长钢管桩呈现典型的摩擦桩性状,侧阻力占的比例超过80％;2）黏土层中 钢管桩的端阻力能完全发挥,其桩端承载力闭塞系数达到0.83; 3）深厚黏土层超长钢管桩沉桩柴油锤锤击能量传递系数略 低,约为0.3。深厚黏土层中超长钢管桩的工程性状揭示对设计、施工和研究工作具有参考作用。     

大直径开口钢管桩竖向承载机理

大直径开口钢管桩因土塞形成闭塞效应以及挤土效应降低，其竖向承载机理远比预制混凝土打入桩复杂。以某港口工程大直径开口钢管桩试桩结果为基础，结合现行港口工程桩基规范，研究大直径开口钢管桩竖向承载机理，从受力和承载性状入手，分析大直径开口钢管桩桩径对闭塞效应、挤土效应降低对侧摩阻力、以及闭塞效应对桩端阻力的影响。     

大直径超长嵌岩桩承载特性分析

大直径超长嵌岩桩在工程中应用广泛,但其荷载传递机理和承载能力特性的研究仍不够深入。针对现有现场试验研究和数值分析的不足,基于马来西亚槟城二桥工程,对大直径超长嵌岩桩承载特性进行数值模拟和现场试验研究。通过对比发现,有限元计算结果与自平衡法的实测数据有较好的吻合性,但由于土动摩阻和孔隙水压力影响,静动法测试结果比自平衡法大30%左右。大直径超长嵌岩桩侧摩阻力从上而下逐步发挥,且沿深度非线性分布现象明显。实际总的桩侧摩阻力占荷载90%,远小于桩土极限侧摩阻力。     

密实含砂碎石和卵石地层钢管桩沉桩试验研究

钢管桩是海洋工程最广泛采用的桩型,复杂地层条件下钢管桩沉桩施工往往具有较大的难度。依托实际工程,基于地层原位试验、沉桩模型试验、基桩可打性分析、现场足尺试验,开展密实含砂碎石和卵石地层钢管桩沉桩施工试验研究。结果表明：1）采用人工模拟地层进行模型试验,桩侧土摩阻力试验结果应适当提高。2）密实含砂碎石和卵石地层中钢管桩桩端闭塞系数可取0.7～1.0、桩侧单位面积摩阻力可取225 kPa、桩端单位面积阻力可取不低于13 MPa。3）密实含砂碎石和卵石地层中钢管桩振动和冲击法沉桩困难,为达到设计入土深度可能需要通过恰当的方法清除桩内部分土塞。     

大直径PHC桩竖向承载特性数值模拟研究

以珠海高栏港码头结构为工程背景,对码头的大直径PHC桩的数值模拟技术和承载特性进行研究。首先采用ABAQUS进行数值模拟,并将数值模拟结果与试验结果进行对比分析,验证了有限元分析的可行性,然后通过桩径、桩长,桩侧土和桩端土等一系列参数的变化,探讨这些参数对PHC桩Q-S曲线的影响。结果表明,有限元计算出的位移比实测结果高出2%~20%,桩长超过50 m的PHC桩属于超长桩。     

高桩码头增加钢管桩沉桩入土深度的施工措施

在丹东港大东港区317~#高桩码头工程中,为增加钢管桩在卵石层中的入土深度,满足桩基嵌固长度要求,通过采用增加外箍的开口桩尖,有效缩减了沉桩过程中卵石层的侧摩阻力,入土深度增加2 m以上,侧模阻力在沉桩后30d逐渐恢复,满足桩基承载力要求。结果表明,增加外箍桩尖能够有效缩减施工过程中卵石的侧摩阻力,增加桩入土深度,满足嵌固长度要求。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。