锚位点辅助决策模型的设计与实现

为解决舰船抛锚作业时锚位点决策受限于海图有限信息,人工选址方式主观性过强而间接增大走锚风险的问题,提出基于VCF(Vector Chart Format)格式数字海图数据,采用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)的方法分析影响锚泊安全的海洋环境要素、区域界限、碍航物、周边船舶态势和助航标志通视情况,定量给出各要素的适宜度、影响范围以及基于方位位置线网的定点抛锚方法,并将各步骤的分析结果可视化。该模型的实际使用情况表明:有利于航海人员准确把握锚泊海区的整体态势,辅助其得到结合自身需求的优化锚位点决策,降低舰船走锚风险,提升锚泊安全性。     

海港锚地布置相关安全距离研究

针对海港锚地与建构筑物和海底电缆管线等的安全距离问题,对沿海各锚地使用管理单位进行调研,将国内外规范中对于锚地布置安全距离的规定进行对比分析,针对已有的船舶走锚事故报告并结合实时船舶操纵模拟试验进行综合分析,最终得出海港锚地与建筑物、构筑物和海底电缆管线等的安全距离建议值,为海港锚地设计提供依据。     

大型集装箱船舶在港外漂泊的操作

船舶抵港后假如没有进港计划或者需要等待数小时进港靠泊的话,大部分船长希望到港外宽畅的锚地抛锚候泊。如果锚地比较宽畅、有足够的锚位,而且水文、气象条件合适,抛锚候泊是绝佳选择。锚泊后除了潮流变化船舶以锚落点为圆心旋转改变船艏向和需密切注意附近航行船舶动态,或者注意本船和其他锚泊船舶是否走锚外,基本上没有其他太多影响,有利于船舶的安全。     

锚泊船走锚后的稳定漂移速度计算

随着港口交通流密度的增加,船舶在锚地的数量也逐年呈递增趋势,而锚泊船在台风这样的恶劣天气条件下,极易发生走锚事故,船舶走锚后若不及时采取措施,可能会撞击到锚地其他船舶,或者危及锚地周边海上资源,所以研究锚泊船走锚后的运动状态就显得尤为重要。本文研究了在风、流、及锚链力的共同作用下,对锚泊船进行行受力分析,理论推导出走锚船稳定向下风漂移时的速度模型,再通过实例计算进行计算验证,初步证实了模型的准确性。     

乐清湾港口进港航道渔网碍航问题的研究及探讨

<正>乐清湾小门岛、鹿西岛附近大量渔网侵占航道、锚地、港区的问题日趋严重,对进出港船舶航行、锚泊和作业的生产安全造成很大的威胁,已引起国内外船方和港口单位的强烈反应。因此,如何做好清理整顿碍航渔网已是目前刻不容缓的工作,对船舶航行安全具有现实意义。一、乐清湾渔网碍航问题的现状及影响目前,乐清湾小门岛、鹿西岛附近养殖、捕捞和渔网侵占主要分布在进出港的黄大峡航道、仁前途航道、乌星屿锚地和W5和W7灯浮之间的航     

墨西哥拉萨罗卡德纳斯港简介及安全操纵

首次参与中美洲(ACSA)航线的中海集运"新烟台"轮,于2012年1月和2月两次进出拉萨罗卡德纳斯港,并在该港锚地两次锚泊等待数天,现将港口概况和进出港操纵作简要介绍,供同行们参考。1拉萨罗卡德纳斯港概况拉萨罗卡德纳斯(Lazaro Cardenas)港地处墨西哥西南沿海,是墨西哥南部最大河流巴尔萨斯(Balsas)河的人海口。地理位置:17°55′N/102°10′E。港口临东太平洋,港外水域宽广,没有碍航物,航线可以直接连接     

广州港大屿山过驳锚地船舶走锚原因及对策

广州港大屿山过驳锚地承担着大型、超大型船舶的过驳、减载作业任务。多艘大型船舶在锚地抛锚或者作业期间发生了走锚事故。本文对船舶走锚案例进行分析,探讨发生走锚的的原因,提出相应对策。并针对大屿山锚地的地理、水文条件,提出重新规划锚地的设想。     

水下探测技术在急滩碍航物探测中的应用

长江上游斗笠子滩口碍航较为严重,且水深较浅,航宽较窄,水流湍急,下行船舶需抱碍航物下行,船舶航行安全差,时有船舶划舱,但维护单位对碍航处的河床底质情况不太明确。为弄清碍航物的特性,根据该滩航道特征、碍航物初步调查结果及国内外探测设备优缺点的了解,选择了磁力仪、多波束、侧扫声呐等设备进行综合探测,探测结果表明:不同设备之间存在明显的差异性及互补性,本次使用的探测设备是合理的,为长江上游水下碍航物探测的发展积累了宝贵的经验;明确了该碍航点为水泥趸船与礁石的混合体,为下一步航道治理奠定基础。     

杭州湾嘉兴电厂码头及引航要点

此文介绍3．5万吨级船舶重载靠泊嘉兴电厂码头的航路设计、碍航物、锚地及过浅滩和靠泊等技术要求和注意事项，供初次进靠该码头的船舶参考。     

锚泊船舶的安全警戒范围

<正>0引言随着船舶数量的增加,港口拥挤程度加剧,锚泊船走锚事故频发。一方面,对锚地的合理规划提出更高要求;另一方面,寻求船舶因走锚导致的搁浅、碰撞等事故的解决方法也迫在眉睫。船舶在锚地锚泊,特别是在锚泊船密度大,锚泊水域受限,风、浪、流条件恶劣,锚地底质不良等锚地锚泊时,准确判断船舶是否在警戒圈内尤为重要。不仅可以消除船位与锚位误差,而且有利于值班驾驶员直观地判断船舶是否走锚,为船舶提供一个安全的锚泊环境。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

恶劣电磁环境下PLC控制系统抗干扰技术研究

该文结合工程实践,研究了某型船模PLC控制系统抗干扰技术。依据干扰产生的原因,分析了系统干扰的来源,并提出了抑制干扰的具体措施。通过硬件和软件的优化设计,提高了控制系统抗干扰能力。实践证明,经过优化设计的PLC控制系统运行安全,稳定,控制效果得到明显提高。     

沉箱重力式码头施工期间沉降位移观测与分析

介绍某码头工程3万吨级码头和5000吨级码头施工期间的沉降变位观测过程及对观测数据的分析,为类似工程提供参考。     

分油机系统模拟仿真设计

针对使用实际分油机系统进行教学与训练在安全和经济方面存在的制约因素.为帮助学员较快熟练掌握分油机系统的操控,采用VC++编程技术和数字仿真技术,结合数学建模,设计开发基于PC桌面的船舶分油机模拟仿真系统.仿真分析和应用结果表明:船舶分油机模拟仿真系统能够模拟实际分油机系统的操作控制过程,方便学员熟悉各种故障现象,熟练掌握船用燃油分油机的操作程序、操作要领和保养维护系统知识.