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对自主水下航行器(AUV)在执行水下搜救任务过程中遇到的三维路径跟踪控制和定点驻停问题进行研究。在固定坐标系和机体坐标系下建立AUV的运动学模型,引入流体坐标系,设计适宜进行运动控制的三维路径跟踪控制器,并在Serret-Frenet坐标系下建立AUV的路径跟踪误差模型;基于三维视距制导律控制设计AUV的三维路径跟踪控制器,在此基础上提出一种适于水下搜救工况的AUV路径跟踪控制方法,使AUV能完成对参数化路径的跟踪和在预设目标点的驻停;同时,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性原理证明该控制器的稳定性。仿真试验结果表明,设计的控制器有效,能实现对面向水下搜救的AUV路径跟踪控制。 相似文献
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《舰船科学技术》2017,(23)
针对水下航行环境中自治水下机器人(Autonomous Underwater Vehicles,AUV)航迹精确跟踪问题,提出一种基于模糊自适应滑模方法的AUV航迹跟踪控制算法。在建立AUV系统动力学模型基础上,将其运动通过变结构滑模控制律结合模糊逼近设计出AUV航迹跟踪控制系统,采用模糊系统实现模型未知干扰的自适应逼近,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,讨论了闭环系统的稳定性。在考虑加入外界干扰的条件下使用Matlab/Simulink软件,进行数值仿真,模拟轨迹跟踪能够达到稳定并且较平滑连续跟踪预定航迹,对干扰有较好的抑制作用。仿真结果表明了所提控制方法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对仅带有轴向推力及偏航力矩的欠驱动自主水下航行器(AUV),研究了其在水平面内的轨迹跟踪及定点调节问题。基于Lyapunov直接法及串接一反步技术,通过采用一种带有动力学震荡器的跟踪误差变换,设计了一种统一的连续时变状态反馈控制律,并给出了参数自适应更新律以估计AUV的非线性阻力参数,使得AUV的位置及方向角的跟踪误差全局渐近收敛于零点左右的一个邻域内,该区域可以为任意小,并且,AUV的跟踪性能与外界干扰的大小无关。仿真结果证明所提出的方法是有效的。 相似文献
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研究了自主水下航行器的编队控制问题,基于编队参考中心思想为每个AUV构造了期望参考轨迹。将每个AUV的系统误差分为自身跟踪误差和与邻居AUV的协同误差两部分,在此基础上,针对AUV模型参数不确定性,提出一种自适应分布式控制律,使得每个AUV沿着自身期望轨迹运动,并与相邻AUV保持同步,从而与编队参考中心保持期望的距离,达到编队控制的目的。文章基于Lyapunov稳定性原理从理论上证明了闭环系统的稳定性,仿真结果表明所提出的算法是有效的。 相似文献
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针对六自由度遥控无人潜水器(ROV)的轨迹规划控制问题,提出基于固定时间扩张观测器的非奇异积分终端滑模控制方法。建立考虑系统模型不确定性及外界扰动的ROV六自由度数学模型,采用一种基于固定时间收敛的扩张状态观测器,实现对系统集总干扰的准确估计以补偿控制系统的控制律;设计固定时间非奇异积分终端滑模控制器以保证ROV系统的轨迹跟踪性能,并基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明系统的固定时间稳定性。仿真结果表明:与以往控制方法相比,文章所提方法提高了控制系统的性能及精度,可保证水下机器人在不同初始状态下均能在固定时间内达到轨迹跟踪的效果。 相似文献
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通过对欠驱动AUV的水平面三自由度运动方程和轨迹方程的简化分析,设计了一种镇定控制律。基于全局微分同胚坐标变换将欠驱动AUV的数学模型转化为级联形式的非线性系统,并证明了原系统的镇定问题可简化为级联子系统的镇定问题。通过状态反馈控制研究得到镇定控制律,证明了控制律的收敛性,并且进行了镇定仿真实验演示。仿真结果表明控制律的有效性,能够在任意初始条件下实现镇定控制。 相似文献
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针对水下机器人存在环境干扰时的三维路径跟踪问题,设计基于干扰观测器的非线性运动控制器.首先考虑三维空间中给定路径点坐标时的跟踪轨迹生成问题,采用三次样条算法生成二阶可导的跟踪路径,同时基于三维视线导航算法(LOS)生成姿态指令.考虑海流等未知外界干扰和模型参数不确定性对水下机器人运动的影响,采用非线性干扰观测器对干扰和不确定项进行估计,并将反步法和自适应滑模相结合设计运动控制律,解决了不确定干扰估计误差界未知的问题,并保证系统的全局渐近稳定性.最后,通过仿真实验表明该方法能够实现水下机器人的姿态控制,对于模型参数不确定和存在外界干扰的AUV有较好的自适应性和鲁棒性,可以使AUV的运动精确地跟踪期望轨迹. 相似文献
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A path following control algorithm for an unmanned underwater vehicle(UUV) using temporary path generation guidance was proposed in this paper.Owing to different initial states of the vehicle,such as position and orientation,the path following control in the horizontal plane may yield a poor performance.To deal with the negative effect induced by initial states,a temporary path generation was presented based on the relationship between the original reference path and the vehicle’s initial states.With different relative positions between the vehicle and reference path,including out of straight lines,as well as inside and outside a circle,the related temporary paths guiding the vehicle to the reference path were able to be generated in real time.The vehicle was guided to steer along the temporary path until it reached the tangent point at the reference path,where the controller was designed using the input-output feedback linearization method.Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is effective under the three different situations mentioned above. 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2017,(2)
A controller which is locally optimal near the origin and globally inverse optimal for the nonlinear system is proposed for path following of over actuated marine crafts with actuator dynamics. The motivation is the existence of undesired signals sent to the actuators, which can result in bad behavior in path following. To attenuate the oscillation of the control signal and obtain smooth thrust outputs, the actuator dynamics are added into the ship maneuvering model. Instead of modifying the Line-of-Sight(LOS) guidance law, this proposed controller can easily adjust the vessel speed to minimize the large cross-track error caused by the high vessel speed when it is turning. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity of this proposed controller. 相似文献
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A controller which is locally optimal near the origin and globally inverse optimal for the nonlinear system is proposed for path following of over actuated marine crafts with actuator dynamics. The motivation is the existence of undesired signals sent to the actuators, which can result in bad behavior in path following. To attenuate the oscillation of the control signal and obtain smooth thrust outputs, the actuator dynamics are added into the ship maneuvering model. Instead of modifying the Line-of-Sight (LOS) guidance law, this proposed controller can easily adjust the vessel speed to minimize the large cross-track error caused by the high vessel speed when it is turning. Numerical simulations demonstrate the validity of this proposed controller. 相似文献
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ZHANGJing-juan LIXue-lian HAOYan-ling 《船舶与海洋工程学报》2003,2(1):60-65
A new algorithm is proposed for underwater vehicles multi-path planning. This algorithm is based on fitness sharing genetic algorithm, clustering and evolution of multiple populations, which can keep the diversity of the solution path, and decrease the operating time because of the independent evolution of each subpopulation. The multi-path planning algorithm is demonstrated by a number of two-dimensional path planning problems. The results show that the multi-path planning algorithm has the following characteristics: high searching capability, rapid convergence and high reliability. 相似文献
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[目的]针对微小型欠驱动自主式水下机器人(autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)集群控制问题,设计一种基于改进RRT^(*)算法的编队控制策略。[方法]RRT^(*)算法规划的路径陡变难以跟踪且收敛速度较慢,针对该问题提出改进方法。首先加入偏置函数使随机采样点靠近目标点,然后采用Dubins曲线平滑连接采样点,通过在可变半径范围内重新布线,并设计有关曲线长度与避障的代价函数,选择最优路径。依据代价和最小值为多AUV分配集结点,协调多AUV速度完成最小集结时间约束,随后设计基于Dubins路径的分段向量场构造方法,使得多AUV跟踪规划路径,到达目标集结点时速度与方向保持一致。[结果]仿真结果表明,多AUV编队平均路径长度缩短26.6%,平均集结时间缩短21.7%。[结论]该算法路径规划质量高,可顺利完成编队集结任务。 相似文献
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