基于遗传算法的编队条件下舰船修理周期结构优化

舰船的部署和修理活动在全寿命期内是按其修理周期结构进行,而编队的使用则需要编队内各舰艇的修理周期结构的相互配合,通过组合优化各舰艇的修理周期结构,可以使编队拥有更多的部署时间。在舰船修理周期结构的定量描述模型基础上,构建了编队的修理调度模型,并采用遗传算法对编队的部署能力进行了优化分析。实例分析结果表明:优化后编队的部署时间可达到近110个月,相对于未优化前提高了50个月。     

考虑修理结构的舰船部署能力仿真北大核心CSCD

海上环境日益复杂,不仅要关心单艘舰船的部署能力,更要关心多艘舰船可同时部署的能力,以满足不同军事任务的用船需求。针对多艘同型舰船的部署能力问题,分析舰船入役时机、计划修理间隔期及修期控制等因素对同型舰船部署能力的影响,并从军事需求出发,提出多艘同型舰船部署能力的度量指标体系。在此基础上,建立多艘同型舰船部署能力的数学模型,给出同型舰船部署能力的仿真算法,较好地解决了同型舰船部署能力计算困难的问题。最后,通过仿真分析发现,舰船入役时机、计划修理间隔期及修期控制对同型舰船的部署能力具有较大影响,尤其是随着舰船计划修理间隔期的延长,其部署能力呈S形增加,对优化舰船修理结构,提高同型舰船部署能力,降低舰船维修保障费用具有重要意义。     

考虑修理结构的舰船部署能力仿真

海上环境日益复杂,不仅要关心单艘舰船的部署能力,更要关心多艘舰船可同时部署的能力,以满足不同军事任务的用船需求。针对多艘同型舰船的部署能力问题,分析舰船入役时机、计划修理间隔期及修期控制等因素对同型舰船部署能力的影响,并从军事需求出发,提出多艘同型舰船部署能力的度量指标体系。在此基础上,建立多艘同型舰船部署能力的数学模型,给出同型舰船部署能力的仿真算法,较好地解决了同型舰船部署能力计算困难的问题。最后,通过仿真分析发现,舰船入役时机、计划修理间隔期及修期控制对同型舰船的部署能力具有较大影响,尤其是随着舰船计划修理间隔期的延长,其部署能力呈S形增加,对优化舰船修理结构,提高同型舰船部署能力,降低舰船维修保障费用具有重要意义。     

舰艇编队雷达网探测范围的实时计算方法

以海上舰艇编队雷达网探测范围为研究对象,提出了一种舰艇编队雷达网探测范围的实时计算方法,能够精确得到雷达网在无干扰和干扰后每个方向的探测范围,在雷达网边界提取过程中提出一种更方便的边界提取方法即逐段判断法.在无干扰和干扰条件下对舰艇编队雷达网进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明算法效率较高且较精确.对下一步舰艇编队雷达网效能评估和优化部署具有重要意义.     

基于“定期与视情相结合”模式的舰船修理结构设计方法

针对舰船装备使用强度增大后带来的修理结构不适应性难题,提出了一种"定期与视情相结合"的等级修理新模式,研究确定了新等级修理模式应以定期修理为基础、以视情修理为辅助、以在航修理为补充;围绕新模式下舰船修理结构设计的关键环节,分析了军事需求和装备维修需求对等级修理的要求,以及修理类别、修理间隔和在修时间的确定方法,设计出的修理结构能够更好地满足舰船任务拓展需要,对于确保舰船的合理使用与适时修理具有重要作用。     

舰船装备修理合同优化研究

舰船装备维修费是舰船装备全寿命周期费用的重要组成部分,而且所占比例有日益增加的趋势,因而作为决定舰船装备修理价格关键因素的舰船装备修理合同的优化问题必须予以重视.从舰船装备修理合同的基本概念入手,分析舰船修理合同优化的主要内容,并对合同优化的环境建设提出建议,旨在通过合同的优化,提高舰船装备修理经费的军事经济效益和舰船保障能力.     

编队防空导弹攻击火力分配优化模型

海上兵力优化分配是编队防空作战中的重要问题。利用对策论和线性规划等理论和方法，研究了编队防空导弹兵力分配问题，建立了舰艇编队防空突击概率模型、编队防空导弹兵力分配优化模型及其解法。给出了一个实例，并用线性规划方法得到了最优混合策略。此方法为舰艇编队防空导弹部署优化提供了一个基本思路。     

护航编队曲折机动对发现潜艇概率影响的仿真

水面舰艇编队为重要舰船实施反潜护航,当护航舰艇数量不足时,编队可以采用曲折搜索的机动方式。但在不同的队形要素条件下,编队不同的曲折搜索角度对发现潜艇概率的影响是不同的。本文针对护航编队反潜曲折搜索中的舰艇行动方法,提出了单舰在曲折搜索潜艇时的等效搜索圆概念,应用蒙特卡洛法对舰艇在等效搜索圆内的对潜发现概率进行了仿真计算,并在此基础上对编队曲折机动搜潜概率进行了仿真计算,可为水面舰艇护航编队对潜防御提供一定的借鉴。     

航母编队区域防空部署研究

文章研究了航母编队的防空舰艇配置距离在区域防空部署中的应用,在考虑舰载防空导弹的性能参数和满足拦截要求的最小拦截纵深基础上,对防空舰艇与航母之间的配置距离与掩护角的关系进行量化分析,建立了防空舰艇与航母之间的掩护关系模型,并进一步研究了目标的进人角与拦截纵深的关系和航母编队的防空配置需求。经理论分析和实例说明,该模型对舰艇编队的区域防空部署和指挥决策以及要地防空部署等其它地空导弹部署具有一定的参考意义。     

水面舰船编队烟幕保障装备设置方法与需求分析

为了提高水面舰船编队海上作战能力和护航能力,科学运用现代烟幕能大幅度提高舰船编队的隐蔽性、突击能力和生存能力。本文根据水面舰船编队驻泊、护航阶段烟幕保障的特点,分析了现代烟幕保障的时机,设计了舰船编队烟幕装备设置的方法,指出了舰船编队对烟幕装备的需求,以满足舰船编队烟幕保障的需要。     

Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 2. Implementation and results

We use linear programming (LP) for solving the problem of the optimal deployment of an existing fleet of multipurpose or fully containerized ships, among a given set of routes, including information for lay-up time, if any, and type and number of extra ships to charter, based on a detailed and realistic model for the calculation of the operating costs of all the ship types in every route and on a suitable LP formulation developed in earlier work of the authors. The optimization model is also applicable to the problem of finding the best fleet compostion and deployment, in a given set of trade routes, which may be the case when a shipping company is considering new or modified services, or a renewal of the existing fleet. In addition, two promising mixed linear-integer programming formulations are suggested.     

Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping: an integer programming model

Extending and improving an earlier work of the second author, an Integer Programming (IP) model is developed to minimize the operating and lay-up costs for a fleet of liner ships operating on various routes. The IP model determines the optimal deployment of an existing fleet, given route, service, charter, and compatibility constraints. Two examples are worked with extensive actual data provided by Flota Mercante Grancolombiana (FMG). The optimal deployment is solved for their existing ship and service requirements and results and conclusions are given.     

船舶动态信息采集与传输关键技术研究

现代化智能型的船舶运输控制系统包括船舶信息管理与控制、船舶动态信息采集与传输、船队运行综合调度等三大模块。船舶动态信息采集与传输是该系统的关键部分。首先介绍船舶动态管理系统选用的软件,系统的特点和功能,并解析系统的结构。着重详尽描述船舶动态信息传输的工作原理和过程。最后介绍船舶管理信息系统及其船舶动态调度的情况。本研究成果为实施船舶的有效调度管理,为实现船岸一体化控制管理奠定基础。     

A model for the evaluation of some shipping company decisions

This paper describes a model which may be used in the evaluation of the relative effectiveness of policies used in the areas of ship chartering and the switching of combined carriers between the dry-cargo market and the tanker market. The policies for chartering and market switiching are expressed in the form of 'desired proportions' of the fleet operating in a particular charter-mode or a particular market. Graphical illustration of this form of expression of policies can be easily understood, so that alternative policies can be designed with relative case. The effectiveness of a particular from of policy under various freight market conditions can be determined from the model, the use of which is illustrated by its application to the deployment of the fleet of an hypothetical shipping company. It is assumed that the feedback connection between the company's actions and the market-place is negligible.     

Discipline in British merchant ships

This paper describes a model which may be used in the evaluation of the relative effectiveness of policies used in the areas of ship chartering and the switching of combined carriers between the dry-cargo market and the tanker market. The policies for chartering and market switiching are expressed in the form of ‘desired proportions’ of the fleet operating in a particular charter-mode or a particular market. Graphical illustration of this form of expression of policies can be easily understood, so that alternative policies can be designed with relative case. The effectiveness of a particular from of policy under various freight market conditions can be determined from the model, the use of which is illustrated by its application to the deployment of the fleet of an hypothetical shipping company. It is assumed that the feedback connection between the company's actions and the market-place is negligible.     

A combined tramp ship routing,fleet deployment,and network design problem

In this paper, a tramp ship routing model of fleet deployment in a hub-and-spoke network is presented. This model simultaneously determines the selection of hubs, the assignment of spokes to hubs, the deployment of feeder-containerships as well as containership routing between spokes and spokes, hubs and spokes, and hubs and hubs. Even though some parts have been studied, this complex combination of shipping problems has never been addressed. Because the problem is NP-hard, a genetic algorithm (GA) with local search is proposed. In the algorithm, a cut-off procedure is applied to fleet deployment in a sub-route strategy. A number of randomly generated problem instances are solved by both a mathematical program and the GA with local search. A simple but realistic heuristic algorithm is also developed. Both the GA with local search and the heuristic algorithm are used to solve a number of real case instances. A comparison of the results shows the efficiency of the GA with local search. The developed model can be used as a route-decision support tool for shipping companies that provide long-haul shipping services in a hub-and-spoke network.     

The impacts of strait and canal blockages on the transportation costs of the Chinese fleet in the shipping network

ABSTRACT

Straits and canals have always served as key nodes in shipping networks. The blockage of a strait or canal will lead to ship deviations and increased transportation costs. To measure this impact on the Chinese fleet, our study develops a mathematical model that is based on a programming formulation. Each strait or canal is assumed to be blocked in turn, and the increased transportation costs for the Chinese fleet in different scenarios are calculated and compared using the proposed programming formulation in order to measure the impact of the blocked strait or canal on the Chinese fleet. Larger increases in transportation costs have greater impacts on the fleet. The results show that a blockage of the Strait of Hormuz would have the greatest impact of all straits and canals; it would cause the Chinese fleet to lose a portion of its import and export market, and such a blockage cannot be addressed through ship deviations. Based upon increased transportation costs, the four straits or canals that would have the greatest impact if blocked are the Mandeb Strait, the Suez Canal, the Sunda Strait and the English Channel.     

新建船队的船队优化模型建立和比较

船队规划问题通常是通过建立连续变量线性规划模型或混合整数线性规划模型来解决,但往往会得到要求一艘船营运于多条航线的结果。而企业出于安全因素和便于管理的角度考虑,希望船队单船个体的航线能固定,这就需要采用整数规划模型来解决此类问题。针对新建船队的整体配置规划问题,在建立连续变量线性规划模型和混合整数线性规划模型的基础上,探索并建立线性整数规划模型和非线性整数规划模型并进行优化。通过对计算实例的分析比较,论述了4种优化数学模型的特点与适用范围。