AUV全局路径规划环境建模算法研究进展

AUV的路径规划算法是AUV最为核心的技术之一。本文在分析AUV自主巡航技术背景的基础上,综述针对海底环境的全局路径规划环境建模方法的研究现状,并比较栅格法、拓扑法和可视图法的优缺点;讨论了国内外学者在探索海流对AUV全局路径规划环境建模影响方面的研究进展。基于对AUV海流影响研究现状,展望了该领域的发展方向,并给出了2种考虑洋流影响的AUV全局路径规划环境建模算法。     

智能全电船的低能耗路径规划算法研究

针对以锂电池组作为电源的智能全电船路径规划,考虑包括海流、风和浪的复杂海洋环境对船舶能耗产生的很大影响以及锂电池组有限的能量,提出了一种以能耗最少为主要优化目标的路径规划算法。基于概率路图法构建全电船航行路线图;通过分析船舶在海流环境中的阻力模型,建立了全电船的能耗函数;提出了能耗最优的改进A~*搜索算法,并且将该算法在不同的海流状态下进行了仿真试验。仿真结果表明,该算法相比于传统的以距离最优算法能够节省更多的能量,得出一条更加经济环保和实际可行的路径,有效地提高了智能全电船的续航能力。     

基于逆流抵近策略的UUV路径优化算法

针对水下无人航行器(UUV)在特定海域深度下执行多目标识别处理的路径规划问题,考虑逆流抵近策略及海流对UUV绝对航速影响,基于蚁群算法建立了一种综合优化路径迁移距离、转向角度及路径迁移时间指标的UUV作业路径规划算法。在区间路径转移概率和适应度函数计算中,采用雷达图分析方法,构建了综合考虑路径长度、转向角度及航行时间三种指标的无量纲能见度函数和适应度函数,解决了路径规划中多指标优化时加权系数难以确定的问题。路径规划仿真结果证明了建立的UUV路径优化算法的有效性。     

一种混合优化的全局路径规划算法

针对全局路径规划研究中遗传算法存在搜索范围广而导致收敛速度慢的问题,本文提出一种混合优化的全局路径规划方法,完成对图像读取、处理后使用A*算法预处理缩小可行区域从而提高收敛速度。所提出的混合优化规划方法主要优化遗传算法的初始种群,在不影响最终路线的情况下,缩小初始种群的搜索范围,提高算法进行全局路径规划的速度,快速有效的规划出全局路线。另外本文给出一种评价体系对规划结果进行定量的避障评价,评价结果能够以数值形式对规划结果进行综合评价,评价结果显示通过混合优化算法规划出的路径具有更佳的安全性。     

一种混合优化的全局路径规划算法

针对全局路径规划研究中遗传算法存在搜索范围广而导致收敛速度慢的问题,本文提出一种混合优化的全局路径规划方法,完成对图像读取、处理后使用A*算法预处理缩小可行区域从而提高收敛速度。所提出的混合优化规划方法主要优化遗传算法的初始种群,在不影响最终路线的情况下,缩小初始种群的搜索范围,提高算法进行全局路径规划的速度,快速有效的规划出全局路线。另外本文给出一种评价体系对规划结果进行定量的避障评价,评价结果能够以数值形式对规划结果进行综合评价,评价结果显示通过混合优化算法规划出的路径具有更佳的安全性。     

基于改进人工势场算法的AUV路径规划

针对传统人工势场算法运用于AUV路径规划时存在易死锁、实时性差、结果欠优等问题,提出一种改进型人工势场算法。在障碍物周围新增滑移区以替换原有斥力场的作用效果,同时构建相应的滑移准则以实现对AUV的滑移运动控制,具体包括滑移区判别、滑移参数选择和滑移方向判别准则。最后,在MATLAB中进行仿真实验。在静态环境下,分别利用传统人工势场算法和所述改进算法进行AUV的运动路径规划,仿真结果验证了改进算法的有效性和优越性。同时,在考虑固定海流的动态环境下,通过对引力方向、滑移条件、滑移方向和滑移轨迹进行修正,成功将所述算法运用于AUV的动态路径规划中。     

大规模电子海图矢量数据在船舶路径规划建模中的应用

为了提高船舶航运效率,确保海上航运的安全性,利用电子海图数据进行船舶路径避障规划具有重要意义。本文设计一种基于电子海图矢量数据的船舶路径规划建模方法,首先介绍电子海图系统的研究现状,然后针对电子海图矢量数据的数学建模进行深入研究,最后结合GA算法开发了一种海上船舶路径规划与建模的方法。     

大范围环境下自主式水下潜器两种全局路径规划方法的研究

应用遗传算法(GA)和A·算法对自主式水下潜器(简称AUV)在大范围海洋环境中的全局路径规划问题进行了研究.介绍了基于栅格的环境模型及其数据结构,讨论了GA的染色体编码方式、基于知识的初始种群生成方法与适应度函数,基于领域知识设计了五种遗传算子,给出了A·算法的具体实现方法.通过仿真结果可以看出:GA采用可变长编码方式使路径描述简单、清晰,具有收敛速度快、求解实际问题效率高的特点;A*算法可在较短时间内求得相对栅格优化的路径.两种算法均可满足系统实时性要求.     

基于混合蚁群算法的无人船航行路径自主规划

路径规划是无人船自主导航的核心问题。由于无人船当前位置以及目标位置的确定受到障碍物影响,最佳航行路径的获取难度较大。为此,提出基于混合蚁群算法的无人船航行路径自主规划方法。采用栅格法构建无人船工作环境模型,由上至下、由左至右的对栅格完成编号处理,划分安全区域与障碍物区域。构建无人船航行路径自主规划数学模型,设定地形与威胁、航程上限以及路径平滑度等约束条件。针对蚁群算法初始搜索效率差等问题,将其与粒子群算法相结合,提出混合蚁群算法。利用该算法求解无人船航行路径自主规划数学模型。实验结果显示,研究方法具有较高的路径规划准确性,路径长度、平均能耗及路径规划时间指标均较优。     

基于改进人工蜂群算法的HOV三维路径规划

载人潜水器的三维全局路径规划研究对其智能化水平的提高有着重要作用。以“奋斗者”号载人潜水器为研究对象,首先建立三维真实海底地形模型和海流模型;其次,综合考虑路径长度、地形代价和能量消耗代价等目标,建立路径规划的代价函数。最后,使用改进人工蜂群算法对该路径规划问题进行求解,并分别与基本人工蜂群算法、遗传算法和粒子群算法进行比较。仿真结果表明,改进后的人工蜂群算法可以不断跳出局部最优,为载人潜水器高效地规划出满足性能要求的航行路径。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。