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《水道港口》2016,(6)
为了寻找水力插板透水丁坝群减小坝头局部冲刷的最佳设计参数和布置方案。文章在双丁坝布置的情况下,通过改变第二、三个丁坝的间距,第三个丁坝的挑角、透水率、长度进行单因素试验,得出各单因素与第三个丁坝坝头冲刷坑深度的回归方程。再从每组单因素试验结果中选择最佳试验水平,利用L9(34)正交试验设计表设计4因素3水平的正交试验。正交试验结果表明:4个单因素对第三个丁坝坝头冲刷坑深度的影响为:丁坝长度>丁坝间距>丁坝透水率>丁坝挑角。水力插板透水丁坝群减小坝头局部冲刷的最佳设计参数和布置方案:第一个丁坝长度,第二个丁坝长度,第三个丁坝长度与河宽的比值分别为0.25、0.21、0.21;第一个、第二个丁坝透水率为30%,第三个丁坝透水率为20%;第一、二个丁坝间距与第一个丁坝长度的比值为3,第二、三个丁坝间距与第二个丁坝长度的比值为2;第一个、第二个和第三个丁坝挑角为60°。 相似文献
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强潮河口丁坝坝头砂肋软体排护底稳定性试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对土工织物软体排护底应用情况以及钱塘江河口潮流特征的分析,认为丁坝坝头砂肋软体排铺设后的稳定性好坏是护底成败的关键。利用长35m、宽4.3m的水槽,对砂肋软体排在不同压载厚度条件下进行不同行近流速、不同坝长、不同水深的多组次室内试验研究,得到砂肋软体排的稳定性主要与压载的块石层厚度有关,铺设在丁坝坝头的砂肋软体排临界块石压载稳定厚度与行近流速、丁坝长度以及水深等因子有关,采用相关因子多元回归分析得到丁坝坝头砂肋软体排临界稳定的压载厚度经验公式,可指导现场施工实践。 相似文献
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抛石丁坝是河道中应用十分广泛的整治建筑物,能够束水攻沙,保护岸滩免受水流冲刷,然而抛石丁坝水毁现象时常发生。针对这一现象,利用动床水槽物理模型试验对平原河流丁坝的水毁破坏进行了研究,分析丁坝水毁破坏的常见形式,认为坝头块石的坍塌流失是影响丁坝整体稳定性的主要因素,即抛石丁坝稳定性可基于坝头水毁来研究。在此基础上,定义了坝头水毁程度判别指标,研究指标的求解方法和坝头水毁程度等级划分方法,得到了坝头不同水毁程度对应的指标值,并对丁坝维护时机的选择加以说明。该方法为抛石丁坝的维护提供了解决思路,有利于抛石丁坝整治效果的持续发挥。 相似文献
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考虑丁坝护底可压缩一般性的无效冲刷范围,以达到增加丁坝有效作用效率这一重要功能,提出基于航槽冲刷效率的丁坝护底宽度确定方法。通过理论分析、数值模拟和物模试验研究,得到主要结论:丁坝有效作用效率系数为动床航槽单宽流量增值与定床航槽单宽流量增值的比值。建立了丁坝有效冲刷效率的计算公式,通过该公式可计算丁坝护底宽度。公式表明:丁坝的有效冲刷效率为常数;当护底从丁坝坝根一直护到航槽边缘、形成定床条件时,丁坝的有效冲刷效率可达到100%。采用该方法可合理确定护底的宽度,减小丁坝坝头的一般性无效冲刷范围、增加丁坝对航槽的有效冲刷效率,使工程作用后的航槽改善效果更好。 相似文献
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《船舶与海洋工程学报》2015,(4)
Groins are employed to prevent nearshore areas from erosion and to control the direction of flow. However, the groin structure and its associated flow characteristics are the main causes of local erosion. In this study, we investigate the flow patterns around refractive and right-angle groins. In particular, we analytically compare the flow characteristics around a refractive groin and study the degree of accuracy that can be achieved by using a right-angle groin of various projected lengths. To compare the flow characteristics, we replaced the right-angle groin with an approximation of a refractive groin. This replacement had the least effect on the maximum velocity of flow in the channel. Moreover, we investigated the distribution of the density variables of temperature and salinity, and their effects on the flow characteristics around the right-angle groin. A comparison of the flow analysis results in baroclinic and barotropic conditions reveals that the flow characteristic values are very similar for both the refractive and right-angle groins. The geometry of the groin, i.e., right-angle or refractive, has little effect on the maximum speed to relative average speed. Apart from the angular separation, the arm length of the groin in downstream refractive groins has less effect on other flow characteristics than do upstream refractive groins. We also correlated a number of non-dimensional variables with respect to various flow characteristics and groin geometry. These comparisons indicate that the correlation between the thalweg height and width of the channel and groin arm's length to projection length have been approximated using linear and nonlinear formulas regardless of inner velocity in the subcritical flow. 相似文献
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Experimental investigation on scour development and scour protection for offshore converter platform
Local scour around the offshore converter platform caused by current and wave will lead to the instability of foundation. A series of experiments are performed to investigate the scour development and scour protection of the offshore converter platform. The development and evolution characteristics of the local scour around the gravity based structure foundation under the actions of current flow and wave are analyzed. The results show that the edge scour mainly occurs at the lateral sides of the platform and the scour pits are symmetrical about the centerline of the platform in the streamwise flow direction. The scour depth around the gravity based structure increases with the increase of flow velocity. The inclination and collapse of the platform is observed at α = 90° and U0 = 0.25 m/s. The sand ripples are observed around the gravity based structure under the wave action, and the scour depth increases with the increase of wave height and wave period. Based on the comparisons of different scour protection methods, the combined bionic grass-geotextile-riprap protection has the best scour protection efficiency for the offshore converter platform. 相似文献
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抛石护岸工程水下抛石效果评价是工程水下质量控制的重点和难点。准确掌握和分析工程水下质量状况,对确保抛石护岸的施工质量起到了重要作用。GIS(地理信息系统)技术拥有强大的空间数据处理与分析能力,可用于对水下抛石效果进行多维度的定性与定量分析。分析结果可以准确评价施工质量、精准指导下一阶段施工、降低施工成本。通过对3个试验区的分析,总结出一般施工规律:1)由于工程区上游起始处以及下游深水侧容易产生冲刷,抛石效果较差。2)工程区中部及近岸区抛石效果较好,但容易过抛。 相似文献
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为了成功实现12.5 m深水航道由太仓上延至南通的预定目标,拟对通州沙河段洲滩关键部位进行必要的工程整治,整治措施主要包括修建潜堤及齿坝.为了明确通州沙河段整治工程各齿坝的功能定位,采用SWEM2D模型建立了覆盖通州沙河段的平面二维潮流数学模型,通过研究工程实施前后周边流场变化情况来确定整治工程各齿坝工程的功能,为最终方案设计提供科学依据.研究结果表明,通州沙河段整治工程上游5根齿坝主要以固滩稳槽为主,下游3根齿坝则以导流增深为主,结合潜堤工程的修建,工程对于通州沙航道困难段整治主要以减小狼山沙窜沟分流、增加航道困难段落潮动力为主. 相似文献
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龙口位置属于流速骤然增大区且流场复杂,准确预测冲刷形态对龙口结构设计和安全运行具有重要意义。依托海外某大型围海造陆港口工程,借助CFD软件,对施工期强越浪作用下不同结构龙口局部冲刷特点进行了三维数值计算,得到了龙口周围流场分布规律和局部冲刷形态,对冲刷防护提出了针对性建议。结果表明:龙口周围流场复杂但存在一定规律,其特点与龙口局部冲刷因素存在一定对应关系。龙口区域设置挡砂结构,其下方存在淘刷风险,易形成冲刷通道,发展到一定程度,将扰乱龙口后方原有流场,加剧龙口底部和后方的冲刷程度。 相似文献