船首外飘砰击强度直接计算

基于船舶耐波性理论,建立了船舶首部外飘区域的砰击强度直接计算方法,并对相关的试验数据和规范进行了讨论,给出了可行的处理方法。对一艘大型集装箱船首部外飘区域砰击强度进行直接计算,验证了该方法的实用性。     

船首外飘砰击设计载荷直接计算

文章结合三维线性势流理论和砰击速度的长期分析方法,求解出船体外飘位置的设计砰击速度;以首垂线和静水面交点处的设计砰击速度为目标值,给出了用于确定船首外飘砰击设计载荷的等效设计波,进而得到了设计状态下船体外飘剖面与波面相对运动关系;将船体剖面与波面间的相对运动关系等效转化为船体剖面与静水面的相对运动,利用显式有限元方法实现了外飘剖面砰击设计载荷的预报。针对直接计算方法中涉及的设计砰击速度、砰击压力和砰击压力系数,对比分析了文中结果和相应的规范值或试验值,论证了文中船舶外飘砰击压力设计载荷直接计算方法的合理性。     

Ro-Ro船首门砰击载荷设计值的确定

本文结合非线性切片理论与Stavovy-Chuang砰击理论，给出了一种预报船舶艏部砰击压力的方法，并就某Ro-Ro船的水池模型试验结果与理论预报结果进行了比较。证实了方法的可靠性；结合砰击压力的作用特点，提出了Ro-Ro型船艏部砰击压力设计值的直接设计计算方法。并与有关国内外规范设计值进行了比较和分析，给出了可用于指导首门局部结构设计的设计压力值。     

基于船波相对运动的砰击压力和上浪载荷预报方法

本文基于船波相对运动理论,对舷侧砰击压力和甲板上浪载荷的数值及试验预报方法分别进行了研究.利用三维势流理论计算船舶与波浪之间的相对运动,可以得到船波相对速度及甲板上浪高度.对于砰击压力通过数值模拟方法得到砰击压力系数后结合船波相对速度来预报;对于上浪载荷则采用考虑船舶航速的溃坝模型结合甲板上浪高度来预报.此外,开展了船舶运动和砰击压力模型试验,船波相对运动由沿着模型横剖面布置在舷侧的浪高仪测量,并且测得了相应位置处的砰击压力.最后分别对船波相对运动和砰击压力的数值结果与试验数据进行了比较分析,同时基于船波相对运动给出了一种砰击持续时间计算方法.     

船体尾压浪板砰击载荷分析

本文针对尾压浪板入水砰击压力开展研究,分别用Fluent和Dytran软件计算其入水砰击载荷。本文首先在不同的有限元模型中计算尾压浪板以10 m/s入水时的砰击压力,选择具有合理网格尺寸的有限元模型,进而避免了网格尺寸对计算结果的影响;接着分别计算了尾压浪板以不同速度入水时所受到的砰击压力,二者计算得到的砰击压力系数与我国规范给出的结果较为吻合,对于船舶尾压浪板砰击载荷的选取具有一定的参考意义。     

规则波迎浪砰击下三维船体耦合响应研究

船舶在波浪中运动时会发生波浪砰击现象,可能会对船体局部结构产生破坏,造成人员和财产的损失.文中通过计算流体力学分析软件STAR-CCM+和有限单元分析软件Abaqus之间的双向交互耦合,建立了考虑结构变形效应的船体波浪砰击数值模型,对船体在波浪运动中的砰击现象进行数值模拟.将数值结果与文献中试验结果进行对比,整体趋势吻合较好,验证了数值模型的有效性.并针对不同工况下自由液面变化、砰击载荷分布特征和船模结构砰击响应进行分析,当船体在波浪冲击下,自由液面会出现波浪表面破碎等强非线性的砰击现象,同时船首底部及船尾底部会发生砰击现象并随之影响船体相应区域的应力和应变分布特性.     

恶劣海况下船舶砰击颤振响应特性数值计算与试验研究

[目的]针对恶劣海况下船舶所受砰击颤振响应现象,探究船舶非线性波浪载荷与瞬态高幅值砰击载荷的耦合作用。[方法]采用计算流体动力学与有限元方法（CFD-FEM）相结合的双向流固耦合方法对S175集装箱船进行数值仿真计算,并与试验结果及切片理论计算结果进行对比验证;采用分段变截面弹性龙骨梁模型开展船舶的砰击颤振特性模型试验,基于CFD-FEM双向流固耦合方法开展船艏砰击载荷及高频非线性砰击颤振响应特性分析,并与模型试验结果进行对比验证。[结果]结果显示,波浪砰击载荷对船艏颤振响应的影响不可忽视,6级海况下由砰击颤振诱发的二阶高频成分分量占低频波浪弯矩的59.86%。[结论]采用基于CFD-FEM的双向流固耦合方法可准确计算船首砰击颤振响应;在高海况下船舶所受非线性波浪载荷及结构动态响应易受船首瞬态砰击载荷的影响,在船舶结构设计与安全评估中需考虑高频砰击颤振的情况。     

船艏底部砰击压力概率预报方法研究

在Ochi概率统计方法的基础上探索一种适合于非常规船型船艏底部砰击压力的概率预报方法。该方法在时域中计算船舶在波浪中的运动响应,基于Msc.Dytran计算砰击压力系数,在此基础上采用蒙特卡罗法对砰击压力的概率特性进行预报。分析了砰击时的船波相对速度和波面倾角对压力系数的影响。研究结果表明,船舶在静水和波浪中的砰击压力特性有很大差异,在波峰与波谷处发生砰击时产生的砰击压力大于在波面其它位置产生的压力值,相对速度对砰击压力系数的影响在波面不同位置呈现出不同的特点。     

一种求解船舶砰击响应的新方法

本文引用随机点过程的某些结果,提出求解船舶砰击响应的一种新方法。它不必假定砰击压力可以合成为一个作用在固定站位上的合力,因而比 A.E.Mansour 和 J.Lozow 的方法更加合理。本文用两种方法计算了一条集装箱船在不同海况下的砰击弯矩响应,对比表明新方法不仅更加合理而且切实可行。     

基于CFD技术的砰击载荷强度直接计算

研究基于CFD技术的船舶砰击载荷预报及强度的直接计算,以通过对船波相对运动的短期预报得到入水速度极值,由积分变换得到入水速度的时历曲线,以CFD软件实现船体典型剖面入水砰击载荷的计算,得到船体剖面压力的空间分布,结果表明,船体剖面的压力随着位置高度的增加呈减小趋势,最后通过对某集装箱船进行有限元强度评估,验证了本文砰击强度直接计算方法的合理性和实用性。     

Numerical and experimental analysis of bow flare slamming on a Ro–Ro vessel in regular oblique waves

A method for the prediction of slamming loads on ship hulls is presented and validated for a 20-knot, 120-m car carrier. A nonlinear strip theory is used to calculate the relative motions of ship and wave. The relative vertical and roll velocities for a slamming event are given as input to the slamming calculation program, which is based on a generalized two-dimensional Wagner formulation and solved by the boundary element method. The method is fast and robust. Model tests of a car carrier have been carried out in regular head, bow, and bow quartering waves of various heights. Slamming on two panels in the upper part of the bow flare has been studied. It has been found that the water pile-up around the bow due to the forward speed of the vessel significantly increases the slamming pressures. A simplified way of including this effect is presented. When the calculated slamming pressures are corrected for 3D effects, they compare well with the measured data. Since the effect of the wave elevation due to the forward speed and the effect of three-dimensional flow act in opposite directions, excluding both of them produced results that also agreed quite well with the experiments, especially for the most severe slamming events.     

Efficient calculation of slamming pressures on ships in irregular seas

An efficient method for calculation of the slamming pressures on ship hulls in irregular waves is presented and validated for a 290-m cruise ship. Nonlinear strip theory was used to calculate the ship–wave relative motions. The relative vertical and roll velocities for a slamming event were input to the slamming calculation program, which used a two-dimensional boundary element method (BEM) based on the generalized 2D Wagner formulation presented by Zhao et al. To improve the calculation efficiency, the method was divided into two separate steps. In the first step, the velocity potentials were calculated for unit relative velocities between the section and the water. In the next step, these precalculated velocity potentials were used together with the real relative velocities experienced in a seaway to calculate the slamming pressure and total slamming force on the section. This saved considerable computer time for slamming calculations in irregular waves, without significant loss of accuracy. The calculated slamming pressures on the bow flare of the cruise ship agreed quite well with the measured values, at least for time windows in which the calculated and experimental ship motions agreed well. A simplified method for calculation of the instantaneous peak pressure on each ship section in irregular waves is also presented. The method was used to identify slamming events to be analyzed with the more refined 2D BEM method, but comparisons with measured values indicate that the method may also be used for a quick quantitative assessment of the maximum slamming pressures.     

Numerical study on the dynamic response of a truncated ship-hull structure under asymmetrical slamming

Dynamic response of ship-hull structure under slamming has tracked widespread attention in the marine structural design. However, our understanding on the dynamic characteristics largely relies on the symmetrical slamming cases. This paper presented a preliminary numerical investigation on the dynamic response of a truncated ship-hull structure under asymmetrical slamming based on the uncoupled CFD-FE method. Asymmetrical slamming loads were predicted through combining the seakeeping analysis and CFD method. In there, three kinds of motions (vertical, horizontal and roll motions) of 2D ship sections were obtained through the seakeeping analysis and then the slamming pressure was predicted through simulating the water entry with various motions based on CFD method. The dynamic response was analyzed through finite element method. Numerical predictions including ship motions, slamming loads and dynamic analysis were validated against published experimental data and numerical calculations. The characteristics of asymmetrical slamming loads were analyzed showing obvious asymmetry in space, and the dynamic characteristic of the ship bow structure was further clarified through discussing the deformation and stress distribution. These results are useful for readers for better understanding the dynamic characteristics of the bow structure under slamming.     

基于有限元方法的船首底部结构砰击强度分析

船艏底部作为整船中的重要受力区域,船舶航行时,其与波浪会发生相对碰撞,即产生砰击现象,从而对船体的结构安全造成隐患。本文以某型半潜运输船为例,结合中国船级社(CCS)规范,根据Ochi-Mottor理论进行砰击压力极值计算,并采用有限元方法对该型船舶艏部区域的结构强度进行分析。     

基于波面随机性的船舶底部砰击压力计算方法研究

基于海浪波面的随机特性,研究船舶底部砰击压力的计算方法.分析纵向入水角对船底砰击压力量值的影响程度,建立二者之间的定量关系.在预报船舶砰击压力时引入随机海浪的波面条件,计及船舶运动和海浪波面倾角因素对砰击压力的影响.采用蒙特卡罗数值模拟法对砰击压力的统计规律进行研究,结果表明:计及纵向入水角的船底砰击压力计算方法.更加...     

参数横摇下大型集装箱船外飘砰击的近似计算方法（英文）

Since the research of flare slamming prediction is seldom when parametric rolling happens, we present an efficient approximation method for flare slamming analysis of large container ships in parametric rolling conditions. We adopt a 6-DOF weakly nonlinear time domain model to predict the ship motions of parametric rolling conditions. Unlike previous flare slamming analysis, our proposed method takes roll motion into account to calculate the impact angle and relative vertical velocity between ship sections on the bow flare and wave surface. We use the Wagner model to analyze the slamming impact forces and the slamming occurrence probability. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the maximum flare slamming pressures of a container ship for different speeds and wave conditions. To further clarify the mechanism of flare slamming phenomena in parametric rolling conditions, we also conduct real-time simulations to determine the relationship between slamming pressure and 3-DOF motions, namely roll, pitch, and heave.     

Hydroelastic slamming

An overview of the many water-impact (slamming) problems in ship and ocean engineering is given. Theoretical and experimental drop tests of horizontal and nearly horizontal elastic plates are reviewed. It is shown that maximum pressure cannot be used to estimate maximum slamming-induced stresses when maximum pressure is large, because dynamic hydroelastic effects then become important. Further, the significance of hydroelasticity increases with decreasing dead-rise angle, increasing impact velocity, and increasing the value of the highest local natural period of the structure. It is emphasized that the slamming problem must be hydrodynamically studied from a structural point of view. Comparisons between theory and full-scale measurements of slamming-induced local strains in the wet-deck of a catamaran are presented. The importance of the rigid body vertical accelerations and the influence of the side-hulls on the impact velocity are pointed out. Received: October 4, 2000     

半潜式支持平台恶劣海况下运动性能试验研究

半潜式支持平台的研发面临一系列技术难题，尤其是恶劣海洋环境对平台的影响。恶劣环境下，平台会出现严重的非线性载荷特性，严重时会危害平台安全，因此在研发设计阶段，有必要开展半潜式支持平台在恶劣海洋环境下的运动性能研究。针对我国自主开发设计的某型深水半潜式支持平台，基于模型试验方法开展恶劣海况下运动性能研究。在完成水平系泊系统和气隙、砰击载荷测试方案设计的基础上，开展试验研究，获得了平台固有周期、阻尼系数、恶劣海况下的运动响应以及气隙、砰击等非线性载荷。结果显示，在恶劣海况下，目标平台运动响应较大，不具备作业条件。平台多处气隙出现负值且发生较为显著的砰击现象，砰击次数及砰击压力均较大。结果为半潜式支持平台总体设计提供了有效的支撑数据。     

半潜船首部船底砰击加强结构设计及计算研究

半潜船在航行过程中,首部底部结构不可避免的会受到砰击影响,这种影响在老旧油船改建而成的半潜船中更应被着重考虑。本文以一艘油改半潜为研究对象,分别采用传统规范经验公式法和直接计算法进行了首部底部砰击加强结构的设计及计算。研究结果表明,利用直接计算法形成的方案较规范经验法形成方案有较大优化,大幅减少了物料使用量,降低了施工难度并节约了成本。直接计算方法是一种合理高效方法,其它船舶可参考使用。