粘弹性阻尼夹层板动力特性分析及其试验研究

本文在数值计算和试验的基础上研究了阻尼夹层板的动态特性和振动响应计算方法.在小变形线弹性理论的基础上,构造了阻尼夹层板单元.将三层板都看成Mindlin板单元,以各层的中面为坐标平面建立局部坐标系来建立有限元模型,考虑了偏心阵的作用,大大简化了计算程序.粘弹性采用常复数模型,用求解复特征值的方法求得了其固有频率和损耗因子.在此基础上编制了相应的有限元计算程序,进行了较详细的数值计算与分析,并讨论了粘弹性阻尼层的厚度、模量、损耗因子对结构动力特性的影响,得到了有工程应用价值的一些结论.同时分别对单层铝板、自由阻尼层板和约束阻尼层板进行了模态试验和响应试验,识别了结构的阻尼,验证了理论计算的正确性.本文还给出了阻尼夹层板结构动力响应的一种近似计算方法:将粘弹性材料看成完全弹性的材料,将粘弹性材料的阻尼以比例阻尼的形式给出,利用试验得出或估算公式给出结构模态阻尼,采用直接积分法求解.计算了简谐激励下的响应,并与实测的结果进行了比较分析.结果表明了该计算方法的合理性,为工程近似计算提供了一种简便的计算方法.     

基于粘弹性阻尼层随机性的自由阻尼层板的振动和阻尼分析

本文基于粘弹性阻尼层的随机性用Monte Carlo直接抽样法对自由阻尼层板的振动和阻尼进行了分析研究。分析中随机变量取正态分布。针对不同的阻尼层厚度分别考察了复弹性模量的实部、虚部、材料的损耗因子的影响。考察了整体性和局部单元性阻尼导厚度的影响。结果表明，粘弹性材料弹性模量的随机性对结构固有频率的影响不大，对模态损耗因子影响较大；不论是整体的还是局部单元的，阻尼层厚度的随机性对模态损耗因子的影响很显著。因此粘弹性阻尼层的随机性对抑制结构共振响应和声辐射的影响是较大的。阻尼层厚度局部单元随机性影响表明了对阻尼结构采用随机分析的必要性。     

粘弹性自由阻尼加筋板的随机响应分析和试验研究

本文针对粘弹性自由阻尼结构,基于模态应变能法推导出同时考虑粘弹性阻尼损耗因子和弹性模量频变效应的模态损耗因子修正公式,并选取某压筋板进行了计算和验证。在此基础上,以船舶阻尼加筋板为研究对象,开展随机响应试验研究,并对试验模型的模态损耗因子和随机响应进行了数值计算和对比分析。结果表明,采用该修正公式确定粘弹性自由阻尼结构的模态损耗因子,进而计算随机响应的方法是可行的。该方法对阻尼减振的相关分析研究具有参考价值。     

中厚粘弹性阻尼芯层夹层板间的耦合损耗因子研究

耦合损耗因子是统计能量分析中表征结构子系统间耦合程度的一个重要参数.本文提供了一种由夹层板自由振动模态结果描述的夹层板耦合损耗因子计算方法,建立了芯板垂向可压缩变形(研究考虑芯层的横向正应变和正应力)的夹层板四节点有限元动力模型,用有限元方法求解得到夹层板的振动模态结果,继而代入文中计算方法求得两L型边耦合的粘弹性阻尼夹芯夹层板的耦合损耗因子.通过与商业软件AUTOSEA计算结果相比较并分析表明,文中计算方法是正确有效的,为快速准确地确定夹层板耦合损耗因子提供了一种新的思路.     

敷设粘弹性阻尼的加筋板振动和阻尼分析

对敷设粘弹性阻尼的加筋板的固有频率和模态损耗因子进行了分析。考察了在加筋板结构上加自由阻尼层和加粘弹性筋梁的两种情况，分析了粘弹性阻尼材料模量、损耗因子、阻尼层厚度以及粘弹性梁剖面尺寸的影响。对粘弹性筋梁的讨论，拓宽了加筋板的粘弹性阻尼的敷设形式。     

含损伤加筋板结构声辐射阻尼变异研究

从能量耗散角度提出了结构声辐射阻尼的有关概念,考虑到辐射阻尼的特性,文章采用结构振动时耗散能量与振动总能量的比来建立辐射阻尼的数学模型,并用数值计算的方法研究简支板结构的声辐射阻尼特性.在研究结构损伤对声辐射阻尼影响的时候,以加筋板结构为例,计算结构不同损伤情况下的声辐射阻尼.基于Mindlin理论,建立描述健康和损伤的四结点有限元板壳单元模型,采用有限元方法计算结构表面动力响应.各向同性损伤单元,采取刚度各向整体弱化的方法分析;对于各向异性损伤单元,采用Kachanov理论,引入了x和y两个方向的弹性损伤折减系数.考虑到不同损伤存在形式,计算分析了损伤对声辐射阻尼的影响.文章建立了一种含损结构的分析方法,通过对一些典型算例分析,在评价损伤对船舶与海洋结构物常用的加筋结构声辐射特性影响方面做出了一定的探索.     

约束阻尼层对复合材料层合板声辐射的影响

层合阻尼板在刚强度比、减振降噪上具有显著的优势,但关于振动致声问题研究还不充分,相应的有限元分析方法不够准确高效。为此基于分层理论的连续壳单元和三维弹性理论的体单元建立一种混合有限元模型,结合声学无限元技术分析层合阻尼板的振声特性。采用连续壳单元离散约束面板及层合板,用体单元离散阻尼层,2种单元均为8节点三位移自由度,因此面板、阻尼层以及基板之间有很好的位移协调性。通过算例校验该方法的可行性。然后讨论了面板厚度、阻尼层厚度及位置、铺层角度对均方振速和辐射声功率的影响。结果表明采用的方法可以准确分析层合阻尼板的声辐射问题,计算得到的声辐射影响规律可以为该结构的低噪声设计提供有益参考。     

用粘弹性梁控制加筋板稳态简谐响应的研究

应用模态叠加法研究了以粘弹性梁为阻尼处理的加筋板的稳态简谐响应。在分析中，板和梁均采用每个结点三个自由度的有限元，考虑了梁的偏心作用。以结构幅频特性曲线的方式来研究粘弹性梁阻尼处理对结构响应的控制作用，分析了阻尼材料杨氏模量实部、损耗因子和粘弹性梁剖面尺寸对结构响应的影响。结果表明，粘弹性材料能够有效地控制结构的共振响应。粘弹性梁阻尼处理仅对某些结点和模态起的作用较大，将其与其他阻尼敷设形式合理配置，相信会起到良好的减振效果。     

基于有限元分析的复合阻尼覆盖层优化设计

为了使铺设在舰艇上的复合阻尼覆盖层同时具有质量轻、阻尼性能好的综合特性,开展了基于有限元分析的优化设计。根据模态应变能量法原理,利用有限元软件Ansys对该阻尼覆盖层进行计算,并以复合阻尼覆盖层的一阶模态损耗因子的倒数为目标函数,在Ansys优化模块下进行优化设计,得出最佳的粘弹性层厚度、垫高层的厚度以及孔隙率。结果表明,通过优化后的复合阻尼覆盖层的质量轻,总厚度小,模态损耗因子增大,拥有更好综合性能。     

含分层损伤复合材料层合板声激励下振动特性研究

本文通过对含厚度方向不同位置椭圆分层层合板结构动力分析,讨论平面声波激励对结构动力响应特性的影响,基于分层损伤结构变形特点,将含损伤层合板的基板和上下子板采用Mindlin板单元离散,而分层损伤区以虚拟连接单元模拟,根据耗散能的计算确定结构的模态阻尼特征,建立含损伤层合板的振动响应函数的有限元分析方法,用算例验证模型的可信性,在0-1000Hz范围内,计算了含厚度方向不同位置椭圆分层损伤层合板结构的固有频率、模态阻尼和幅频响应与相频响应,依据计算结果分析了分层损伤对动力特性的影响,有益于进一步对分层损伤建立识别模式.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.