码头作业费问题的法律分析

立足我国航运竞争法的相关法律法规,从法律的角度对码头作业费问题做了实证分析,最后得出了班轮公司收取码头作业费并不违法的结论。     

FOB贸易术语下承运人对装货港码头作业费的请求权基础

码头作业费是集装箱班轮运输承运人(以下简称"承运人")向货方收取的用于补偿承运人向港口经营人支付的堆场至船边(装货港)或船边至堆场(卸货港)的集装箱操作费用.长期以来,船货双方关于码头作业费的争议不断,尤其是在装货港船上交货(free on board,FOB)贸易术语下,承运人是否有权收取装货港码头作业费以及应当向谁收取装货港码头作业费等问题一直困扰着航运界.本文结合《国际贸易术语解释通则》的相关规定,明确FOB贸易术语下卖方承担装货港码头作业费的义务,梳理关于FOB贸易术语下承运人对装货港码头作业费的请求权基础的主要学说,指出涉他合同为FOB贸易术语下承运人对装货港码头作业费的请求权基础,从而为解决FOB贸易术语下船货双方关于装货港码头作业费的争议提供基本法律依据.     

码头作业费——未了的纠纷

天下事了犹未了。中国货主与国际班轮公会、运价协议组织和国际班轮公司之间围绕THC收取的纠纷已持续4年多,一直是航运界的热点话题。2006年4月,交通部、国家发改委、工商总局发表了《关于公布国际班轮运输码头作业费(THC)调查结论的公告》,历时40个月的政府调查终于有了定论,但似乎存在于货主与班轮承运人之间的纠纷并未了结。本期刊出《码头作业费——未了的纠纷》一文,作者根据《班轮公会行动守则公约》、《海商法》、《合同法》、《价格法》、《国际海运条例》、《反不正当竞争法》等法律法规,理性地分析了班轮公司方面的不当之处;同时又中肯地指出,由于我国目前还未出台《反垄断法》,现有的法律体系对班轮公会的价格协议缺乏相应的约束机制。读者可见仁见智,细细品味。     

对航运公司下调码头作业费的认识

正近日,中远海运、马士基航运等11家集装箱班轮运输公司相继致函我国的国家发展改革委和交通运输部,主动承诺规范码头作业费(THC)收费行为,并提出调整收费标准。这11家班轮运输公司的THC调整方案已由各公司发布于其官网上。这也标志着相关部门对集装箱班轮运输公司收取码头作业费等附加费行为的执法调查取得了阶段性成果。3月26日,东方海外、阳明海运、万海航运、太     

关于公布国际班轮运输码头作业费（THC）调查结论的公告

应中国对外贸易经济合作企业协会请求．中华人民共和国交通部、国家发展和改革委员会、国家工商行政管理总局（以下简称“调查机关”）依照《中华人民共和国国际海运条例》的规定．于2002年12月组成调查组．依法对国际班轮公司在中国港口收取码头作业费（THC）展开调查。     

提高外贸企业在海运市场中的地位

从码头作业费（THC）的收取分析外贸企业在海运市场处于弱势地位的原因,提出我国外贸企业提高其在海运市场地位的设想.     

集装箱运输

2007年9月中日航线集装箱运输量;新海丰集运在中日航线开展新运输;远东班轮公会对往英国货物收取拥堵附加费;远东班轮公会在爱尔兰收取码头作业费;远东班轮公会公布12月燃油附加费;远东班轮公会公布2008年运价上调计划     

2003年度国内航运十大新闻

1 交通部于2003年发布第1号部令,公布《中华人民共和国国际海运条例实施细则》,自2003年3月1日起施行。 2 1月起,交通部会同国家发展和改革委员会、国家工商行政管理总局依法组成调查组,对国际班轮公司在中国港口收取码头作业费(THC)展开调查。这是《国际海运条例》实施以来的第一次调查,对维护国际海运市场秩序,保护船货双方当事人的合法权益,起到了重要作用。     

亚洲/南美西岸航运公会提高哥伦比亚码头作业费

亚洲／南美西岸航运公会从12月10日起提高哥伦比亚的目的地码头作业费（DTHC），每箱提高10美元（上涨25％）。原收取标准为40美元。     

THC:合法性与损害性并存的遗憾

自2002年1月各班轮公司向我国货主收取装货港THC（Terminal Handling Charge，码头作业费）以来，船货双方就THC是否构成垄断行为，限制性商业行为等问题产生了较大争议。交通部、国家发改委与国家工商总局于2002年12月30日发布公告，举行我国海运界的第一次听政会，     

丽水山区航运港航规费征收的若干思考

通过对丽水市山区航运港航规费征收现状与存在问题的分析,提出了做好港航规费征收工作的建议与拓宽港航规费费源渠道的措施。     

关于码头通航仿真模拟的若干思考

应用模拟器对港航工程进行仿真,得到在模拟环境下船舶航行及靠离泊相关数据.分析国内进行通航安全评估模拟试验的现状和不足.探讨制作精确的水域电子海图,设计船舶模型和仿真水流、潮汐、海浪,建立模拟地区三维视景模型,优化模拟试验方案,提高仿真模拟精度.     

基于分离式结构设计理念的液压靠船系统

通过在靠船桩与叉桩间加入环形液压装置,并将叉桩与主体结构部分分离,提出了一种新型的浮式靠船系统。结合数值仿真模拟在船舶荷载撞击的情况下对靠船桩、叉桩进行了承载能力分析。与现有高桩码头及浮式靠船系统相比,该系统具有使用方便、保护码头主体不受撞击、减缓码头承载能力下降速率等优点。从使用安全和航运经济考虑,该新型靠船系统结构更优、使用更加安全、能提高码头装卸效率、有广阔的应用前景。     

Shipping's fourth wave: ship management and Vernon's trade cycles

This paper considers the question whether the present recovery of shipping means a return to pre-crisis conditions with hegemony of OECD shipping or whether shipping has irrevocably changed. Shipping is losing its national character as ship management firms contribute towards the fragmenting of traditional ship-owning firms into separately managed activities, making shipping more footloose as an industry and facilitating relocation in least cost factor markets. Trade cycles may be at work in shipping like those observed in many industrial markets, beyond the scope of any single government's ability to control. The dispersion of shipping and shipping firms away from the historical concentration in a few traditional maritime powers towards low-cost countries must be seen as a manifestation of a secular trend, giving rise to a profound reorganization not only of shipping markets but of shipping itself.     

Examining the theoretical–empirical inconsistency on stationarity of shipping freight rate

As market price, shipping freight rates should in theory be stationary, but most empirical tests have found them to be non-stationary. To examine the causes of this theoretical–empirical inconsistency, we investigate the sensitivities of the stationarity of shipping freight rates from two perspectives: sample length and sample window. Longer samples are found not sufficient to make them stationary. Instead, sample windows separated by structural breaks are tested as stationary. Moreover, freight rates are found to have entered into a new phase since the 2008 financial crisis. This study contributes to the literature on the stationarity of shipping freight rates by providing an explanation for the theoretical–empirical inconsistency.     

Corporate social responsibility and service quality provision in shipping firms: financial synergies or trade-offs?

This study examines whether the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and provision of service quality (SQ) to satisfy shippers result in financial synergies or trade-offs for shipping firms. To address this question, a contingency framework was introduced in this study. The literature was first reviewed for hypotheses development, followed by interviews with eight industry practitioners. Subsequently, an internet survey was administered to 156 shipping firms in Singapore, and the obtained data were analysed using path model analysis and simple slope analysis. The results indicate that CSR complements SQ and provides additional but modest financial contribution to shipping firms via customer satisfaction. In addition, synergistic interactions between SQ and CSR were found. Although there are financial synergies from the implementation of CSR and provision of SQ, the analysis reveals that CSR should only be engaged when a shipping firm is fairly competent at delivering quality shipping services. This paper contributes to both theory and practice by framing business decisions on implementing CSR under contingency theory and offering a strategic approach to managing SQ as well as CSR of shipping firms.     

Complexity theory applied to management of shipping companies

Theory of complexity , in the author's opinion, describes life better than the hitherto available theories, as it deals more effectively with dynamic, non-linear and cyclical phenomena. The author will here attempt the application of the theory of complexity to the management of shipping companies , especially those of Greek management style. This paper will also deal with the relationship of competition in shipping. The question that will be put and answered is whether a firm should be a hierarchical, inflexible structure, ordered from above. If, however, a company is seen as a self-organized emerging order, then a new approach must be adopted, i.e. that of complexity theory. The choice of the above combination is because a shipping environment is indeed unpredictable, volatile, cyclical and international, as well as complex. It is believed that this new theory can yield a new, more pragmatic, insight into the way shipping companies and ships should be managed. The innovative element of this work is that it will be the first time internationally (except for the work of Li and Parsons [1]) that the theory of complexity will be applied to shipping. In addition, no previous attempts have been made to apply this theory to management of shipping companies.     

浅析内河中小型船舶的安全监督管理

做好内河中小型船舶的安全监督管理,维护公平竞争的航运市场秩序,为经济发展提供可靠的航运安全保障,就必须立足现状,找出存在的问题并形成行之有效的管理对策。     

无船承运人的前世今生

长久以来，由于货运代理与无船承运人的概念混淆而产生的职能之争不绝于耳。虽然，2002年出台的《中华人民共和国国际海运条例》在法理上把无船承运人与货运代理区别开来，但也无可否认，在经营层面上,无船承运业务和货运代理业务存在着一定的交叉，多数货运代理公司从事或兼营无船承运业务。这使两者始终处于“你中有我，我中有你”的市场环境中。     

推行工程量清单计价环境下的施工合同管理

建设工程施工合同是乙双方在工程中的最高行为准则,清单计价模式后如何进行施工合同管理,避免纠纷,是建设主管部门、建设单位、施工单位必须加强重视的问题。