港珠澳大桥岛隧工程隧道基础沉降计算及参数选取

港珠澳大桥岛隧工程隧道基础采用了多种基础形式,包括PHC刚性桩复合地基、高压旋喷半刚性桩复合地基、挤密砂桩柔性桩复合地基及天然地基基础。结合《建筑地基基础设计规范》、《建筑地基处理技术规范》以及《Technical standards and commentaries for port and harbor facilities in Japan》对上述复合地基及天然地基的沉降计算方法和参数选取进行分析,比较得出挤密砂桩复合地基沉降计算应符合《Technical standards and commentaries for port and harbor facilities in Japan》,PHC刚性桩复合地基沉降计算应符合GB50007—2012《建筑地基基础设计规范》,高喷桩复合地基沉降计算宜符合《建筑地基处理技术规范》水泥土搅拌桩的规定,天然地基沉降应考虑应力历史的e-lgp沉降计算方法以及次固结沉降计算应选取与实际应力相符试验条件下的次固结系数。概述岛隧工程隧道不同基础加固形式的沉降计算方法及沉降计算参数选取原则,为类似工程沉降计算提供参考。     

港口工程单桩垂直承载力经验参数法初探

JTJ 254—1998《港口工程桩基规范》与JGJ 94—2008《建筑桩基技术规范》对单桩承载力计算的参数选取存在不同。从分析两个规范的桩基设计安全度出发,对比了黏土层采用该方法的参数差异和单桩垂直承载力的差异,介绍在工程实践中,解决该差异所采取的勘察工作方法和几种参数取值处理办法,最后对规范修订工作提出了几点建议。     

秦皇岛港务局电力公司四场变电所地基处理

结合秦皇岛港务局电力公司四场变电所地基处理工程实例，介绍振冲碎石的设计、施工和检测。据对该工程全过程的跟踪监测以及对《建筑地基处理技术规范》（JGJ 79-91）中振冲置换法条文的理解和执行，提出该工程中存在的实际问题和建议。     

复合地基及组合基床在港珠澳大桥沉管隧道中的应用

针对港珠澳大桥岛隧工程在外海、深水、厚软基地质条件下沉管隧道基础沉降及差异沉降控制技术问题,对传统桩基与复合地基方案进行对比,提出港珠澳沉管隧道采用PHC刚性桩、高喷柔性桩、挤密砂桩散体桩复合地基逐步过渡到天然地基的地基及抛石+碎石垄的组合基床方案。复合地基沉降计算分析及观测数据证明提出的新型复合地基及组合基床方案控制沉降及差异沉降的效果显著。提出沉管隧道基础沉降主要组成及复合地基建议的沉降计算方法,可为类似工程提供参考。     

开口钢管桩桩基承载力桩端部分计算方法探讨

港口工程类设计规范中未明确给出开口钢管桩的桩基承载力计算方法,设计中常参考JGJ 94—2008。建立桩周全部土体与钢管桩蔽塞效应间的关系,并通过实际工程试验加以验证,为开口钢管桩桩基承载力桩端部分计算方法提供新的思路。解决了“JGJ 94—2008《建筑桩基技术规范》中给出的,桩基承载力计算方法中对桩端蔽塞效应系数的计算仅考虑桩端进入持力层的深度,而忽略了持力层以上土体对桩端蔽塞的影响”的问题。     

刚性桩复合地基及其设计应用

本文简述了刚性桩复合地基的特性及其原理,以某建筑地基设计为例,综合考虑后确定采用沉管夯扩桩复合地基方案,对其竖向承载力特征值、地基沉降进行了计算分析,实现其设计应用。     

软土地基处理设计优化

通过引用1个软土地基加固工程实例,对于天然地基、水泥土搅拌桩复合地基、刚性桩复合地基三种地基处理方案的不同基础形式进行了承载力、沉降以及经济造价分析对比,详细地比较了各种方案强度的提高、抵抗变形的能力、施工的难易程度以及工程造价方面的优缺点。通过分析得出,相对于其它两种地基处理方案,刚性桩复合地基承载力高,沉降小,工程造价不高,施工容易控制,是一种较为可行的方案。     

半刚性水泥搅拌桩软基加固三维数值模拟

半刚性水泥搅拌桩加固处理的海堤软基沉降计算等问题基本以复合地基法为主。为对比分析复合指标与实体桩计算结果的差异,结合某斜坡式海堤工程实例,以岩土有限元软件PLAXIS 3D作为分析平台,分别采用实体桩及复合指标建立水泥搅拌桩海堤软基加固稳定性分析的空间弹塑性有限元数值模型。结果表明,实体桩模型能够较清晰地模拟出桩间土体的"土拱"效应、桩头平面处桩土间的沉降差,以及水泥搅拌桩对于桩间土体的"约束"作用,更为真实地反映软土地基的位移及应力分布情况。分析成果对类似工程以及半刚性桩加固处理软基的数值模拟计算具有一定的参考意义。     

考虑桩土变形协调的复合地基变形计算模型的初步研究

本文针对当前求解刚性基础下复合地基沉降变形时较少考虑桩土间变形协调的情况,对若干试验结果进行了分析,并对复合地基的单桩侧摩阻力分布形状作了一定的假定,简化计算,然后联合荷载传递法,Mindlin解答和弹性力学解答得到了单桩模型中桩体和桩间土的变形计算模型。     

挤密砂桩复合地基非线性沉降的计算方法

港珠澳大桥工程是国内首次大规模采用高置换率挤密砂桩复合地基的工程,该复合地基的沉降变形计算方法经验性较强,计算结果往往差异较大,因此进行承压板边长为5.4 m的大型复合地基荷载试验以验证设计参数。采用双曲线模型对该荷载试验的荷载-沉降曲线进行拟合,建立考虑地基非线性变形的切线模量与附加应力之间的关系,验证切线模量法沉降计算方法的可行性。同时分别采用该方法和规范方法对复合地基在主体结构荷载作用下的地基沉降进行计算对比。结果表明,采用考虑地基非线性变形的切线模量法计算结果更接近实测值。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.