Long-term approach for assessment of sloshing loads in LNG carrier,part II: Grouping method

Assessing the sloshing loads has been a significant issue in designing the cargo containment system (CCS) of a liquefied natural gas carrier (LNGC). The sloshing problem contains numerous physical and technical uncertainties. The long-term approach has been suggested to reduce the possible uncertainties, but it has not been a feasible option owing to the incalculable number of experimental cases. Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Hyundai Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Samsung Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Korean Register, and Seoul National University conducted extensive sloshing model tests for the 174 K S-LNGC. To consider the long-term approach, Part I describes the differences between short- and long-term approaches based on the guidelines of different classification societies. To address the significant number of experimental conditions required for the long-term approach, a grouping method is investigated (Part II). Although this grouping method is typically used in practical design, it has not been validated, and its applicability is yet to be determined. In Part II, the sea states are classified using 16 different grouping methods. The long-term exceedance probabilities and pressures are obtained individually and then compared with the results obtained from fully considering all sea states. After performing the general sloshing model test of the shipbuilding industry, the sloshing impact pressure of a liquefied natural gas cargo model is measured via 6DoF irregular simulations, where the upper section of the cargo hold structure is considered. Long-term pressures are locally and globally investigated and compared among 16 different sea states and all the sea states. Based on the results, the best grouping method is suggested for the long-term approach.     

A numerical study of the effects of the longitudinal baffle on nickel ore slurry sloshing in a prismatic cargo hold

The nickel ore slurry sloshing in a rolling partially loaded prismatic cargo hold with a longitudinal baffle is investigated. A numerical model based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method and the non-Newtonian Herschel-Bulkley and Bingham equations is proposed to study the dynamic behavior of nickel ore slurry sloshing. The numerical model is solved by using the finite volume approximations and the dynamic mesh technique is utilized to handle the cargo hold's motion. After taking grid and time step independence study, the numerical results are compared with experimental data. Comparisons show good agreement in the cases investigated. Further, the relationship between the moment amplitude induced on the hold boundary and the excitation frequency is checked numerically. The ratio of baffle height to the initial cargo depth has been changed in the range of 0.0 ≤ h_B/d ≤ 1.2. The variation of the sloshing-induced moment and the deformation of the free surface under different baffle heights have been obtained and discussed. To clearly understand the sloshing behavior of nickel ore slurry, the sloshing of liquid water has also been carried out. Meanwhile, the dynamic viscosity of the nickel ore slurry is monitored. The critical baffle height with regard to the sloshing-induced moment and the elevation difference of the free surface at two sides of the cargo hold has also been presented and discussed.     

DP-3海工船舶动力辅助系统优化设计

阐述了DP-3海洋工程船舶动力辅助系统优化设计典型方案。通过归纳各主要船级社规范要求,在满足规范基本要求的基础上,通过举例说明各辅助系统设计优化建议,对类似船舶动力辅助系统设计提供建议及参考,以提高系统设计的安全性及可靠性。     

导管剖面对全回转推进器性能的影响

随着船舶大型化和高功率化,对于全回转推进器的要求也越来越高。本文提出配置一种新型剖面导流管的全回转推进器,该推进器为上海振华重工集团3800kW全回转推进器。对该全回转推进器进行CFD模拟计算和敞水试验,并将新型导流管与19A型导流管进行对比分析,为后续设计提供参考。     

800吨自升式风电安装平台的设计特点

800吨自升式风电安装平台是上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司为江苏龙源振华海洋工程公司设计研发建造的一种新型风电安装平台。本文从总体布置、重量重心控制、锚泊系统、消防系统等方面介绍了该船的设计特点。     

Structural safety assessment procedure for membrane-type LNG CCS considering hydroelasticity effect

As environmental regulations have become more onerous, the demand for LNG and LNG carriers has increased. The LNG cargo containment system (LNG CCS) is one of the most important facilities in LNG carriers, and many membrane types of LNG CCS have been developed so far. Traditionally, sloshing model tests are performed and a series of statistical approaches are used to obtain design sloshing pressures. Then, these design loads are utilized to analyze the structural safety of LNG CCS. In the sloshing model test, the flat and almost rigid plate is used as the LNG CCS instead of a real model, and thus, the hydroelasticity effect cannot be considered. In the present research, the effect of hydroelasticity on sloshing pressure was investigated in a fluid-structure interaction simulation. A wet drop simulation was conducted, and its results subsequently were compared with wet drop experimental test results to ensure their validity. Then, two types of structure model, namely a flat-rigid plate model and a flat-flexible CCS model, were generated to investigate the effect of hydroelasticity. Also, a fluid hitting analysis model was devised to realize the sloshing phenomenon, and the two generated structure models were applied as the structure domain in the analysis. In the fluid hitting simulations, it was found that the hydroelasticity effect on sloshing pressure is significant. Thus, correction factors, which are quantitative values of the effect of hydroelasticity, were derived (and are proposed herein). Finally, a structural safety assessment procedure for consideration of the hydroelasticity effect was derived (and is suggested herein).     

5100TEU集装箱船几个重要技术问题研究

对江南长兴重工有限公司5100TEU集装箱船设计和建造过程中出现的结构修改引起箱位数变化的处理、首部过尖采用铸件、三向结构通断、高应力区典型节点考虑、船首1/4L货舱通风帽结构布置5个重要技术问题作了分析,以期对今后类似问题的处理有所借鉴。     

钢结构大厦工程的控制管理

阐述了在江南重工股份有限公司承接的国内第一幢"全国产化"大楼——长春光大银行营业大厦钢结构工程的项目管理中,如何实施工程管理控制的方法和经验。     

耦合运动下液货舱晃荡压力预报研究

针对液货船舱晃荡载荷预报问题,进行了单自由度简谐运动激励下液舱模型试验,研究冲击压力特性,并选择70%H装载水平工况开展数值计算比较,结合试验结果得到计算预报的修正系数,同时用简单解耦方法根据单自由度修正系数对纵横摇耦合运动下的压力计算结果进行修正,所得结果可为晃荡载荷工程评估提供参考。     

FPSO内孤立波载荷特性数值研究

文章将KdV、eKdV和MCC内孤立波理论应用到内孤立波数值模拟水槽入口速度条件计算,讨论内孤立波与浮式生产储卸油装置FPSO强非线性作用问题。结果表明,数值模拟所得FPSO内孤立波水平载荷、垂向载荷及力矩与实验结果相吻合,内孤立波载荷主要由波浪压差力、粘性压差力和摩擦力构成,粘性压差力很小,可以忽略;在水平载荷中,摩擦力较压差力约小一个量级,流体粘性的影响不可忽略;在垂向载荷中,摩擦力比压差力小很多,在分析时可以忽略流体粘性的影响。由于FPSO始终处于上层流体中,对内孤立波的模拟波形和其诱导流场的影响很小。波浪压差力可利用傅汝德-克雷洛夫公式基于动压力进行计算,而水平载荷中的摩擦力则需根据内孤立波诱导速度的切向分量对FPSO吃水湿表面求积分的方法进行计算。     

基于Level-set法的液舱液体晃荡数值模拟

船舶液舱中液体晃荡现象已引起人们的深刻关注,液体晃荡载荷与效应成为航行中载液船舶安全性评估的重要内容之一.该文基于Level-set法,对一矩形液舱的两种工况下舱内的液体晃荡进行了数值模拟.通过计算,得到了液面起伏和压强的时间历经,结果显示Level-set方法可有效地模拟液体晃荡问题.     

浅谈18000m^3耙吸式挖泥船电气系统设计

文章对大连中远海运重工有限公司建造的18000m^3耙吸式挖泥船电气系统进行了简要介绍,根据挖泥船的特点,对挖泥作业特有的系统进行了简要说明,对今后类似船舶的建造具有参考意义。     

基于改进MPS方法的三维时域水弹性计算模型

本文在作者已有的二维改进MPS(Moving Particle Semi-implicit)方法基础上进行了三维拓展(主要包括三维自由面粒子判断),并通过将计算得到的三维溃坝问题结果与文献中实验结果相对比,验证了所发展模型的准确性。在结构响应计算方面,将刚性和柔性模态耦合并计及相互影响。在此基础上,将流体和结构部分通过迭代方式耦合,从而实现强流固耦合计算。最后,应用上述模型对涉及大刚体位移叠加弹性变形的三维方梁的强非线性时域水弹性问题进行了计算,验证了模型对此类问题的有效性。     

Data mining in sloshing experiment database and application of neural network for extreme load prediction

Database of the sloshing model test has been mined. More than 540 terabytes experimental data have been accumulated for various cargo holds, vessels, environmental conditions, operational conditions, and experimental conditions. The database was organized, cleaned, and analyzed for the floating units larger than standard size LNG carriers or LNG fueled vessels. The selected target data was used for the machine learning to predict the model test results from the test conditions. An artificial neural network has been developed. Many different types of parameters were scaled and transformed as the input attributes followed by the optimization of the hyperparameters and the architecture. The network predicted the test results that were not used in the training process. The prediction results were validated according to the changes in the environmental conditions, operational conditions, and model dimensions. The accuracy of the network was acceptable to be applicable to the designing perspective.     

湿法施工在大型船坞工程中的应用

介绍大连新船重工30万吨船坞扩建工程项目设计方案和施工技术特点,该工程是我国首例大型船坞采用湿法施工,无论是设计还是施工,都进行了突破性的尝试,为采用湿法施工的船坞工程的设计和施工提供了宝贵的经验。     

The two-dimensional study of the interaction between liquid loshing and elastic structures

Sloshing phenomenon in the liquid cargo carriers has caught the attention of researchers as the interaction between the sloshing waves and structure is one of the key point and difficulty in the study of sloshing. In this paper, we captured the free surface with a volume of fluid (VOF) method and then calculated the motions and responses of the structure by adopting the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for the whole fluid domain. With the use of user defined functions (UDF) in Fluent, the interaction between fluid and structure was then simulated. As a reasonable simplification, the authors studied the response of a single cantilever in a tank under sloshing loads; Further study should pay more attention to the mechanisms of interaction between sloshing waves and elastic structures.     

货舱内液化矿砂晃荡机理及数值计算研究

装载含水量较高矿砂的船舶在长时间摇摆和振动时,装载的矿砂会出现液化现象,其中的水分会析出,并在矿砂表面形成自由液面.受液化矿砂的粘性流动及表层液面的影响,运输该类货物的船舶易发生倾覆事故.建立了载有液化矿砂的三维货舱数值模型,探讨了货舱晃荡时矿砂液面、壁面载荷以及货舱横摇力矩的变化规律等;结合横摇实验现象对液化矿砂晃动机理和危害性进行了初步验证.结果表明：货舱内粘性矿砂的流动滞后于货舱的横摇运动,因而货舱横摇力矩的变化与货舱运动存在着相位滞后的关系,其最大值发生在货舱处于最大晃动角度后返回到平衡位置的过程中;货舱回摇过程中,倾侧的液化矿砂不能及时回流,会在一侧产生堆积,进而增加船舶倾侧力矩,最终可能会导致船舶倾覆.     

“海联昌兴”轮舵系修理工艺研究

文章介绍了中海工业（上海长兴）有限公司在“海联昌兴”轮舵系修理过程中的修理工艺及校中方法的比较,为以后相似船舶的修理提供了良好的借鉴。     

液舱晃荡与FPSO波浪运动相互耦合时域分析

浮式生产储油轮（FPSO）长期在外海作业,其液舱晃荡现象始终存在。文中对船体外流场采用非线性势流理论,对液舱内流场采用线性势流理论,应用脉冲响应函数法,基于法国船级社（BV）的综合性水动力分析软件HOMER,计算了FPSO在考虑液舱晃荡作用下的时域运动响应,并对晃荡压强进行对比分析。结果表明：液舱晃荡对FPSO运动具有一定的影响,且该影响在迎浪船舷的运动上更为明显,同时迎浪船舷液舱晃荡产生的压强也更大。     

大连港内陆“散改集”的技术创新

为提高内陆散粮的装卸效率,大连港集装箱发展有限公司开发了"散改集"装卸工艺,并研发了门式倾转机。介绍内陆"散改集"主要工艺和该公司对工艺的改革和创新。介绍了门式倾转机的功能与特点。该研究成果取得良好的经济效益和社会效益,可为其它港口和行业提供技术借鉴。