考虑静水压力的加筋圆柱壳体径向碰撞机理研究

水下碰撞是水下结构物的主要事故形式之一,而深水静压载荷环境下的碰撞、触礁等问题是深水静压和碰撞联合载荷作用下的结构响应问题,是最为危险的碰撞环境.采用MSC/Dytran大型非线性动力有限元程序,建立数值有限元模型,考虑深水静压和外物撞击的联合作用,进行深水静压环境、无水压力环境下以及不同撞击载荷多工况碰撞环境和撞击历程的数值分析,对加筋圆柱壳体碰撞载荷作用下的变形、失效机理和变形历程进行比较,分析了不同速度、质量撞击物撞击载荷作用下撞击强度、深水压力载荷等对碰撞历程的影响和加筋圆柱壳体深水碰撞环境下的动态响应特性和碰撞机理.结果显示:由于准静压载荷的附连联合作用,撞击形变将不可避免地带来准静压载荷的做功,其能量将直接由结构吸收,从而将导致加筋圆柱壳体结构的防撞能力急剧下降.同时,随着静水压力的增大,撞击初始阶段所产生的小变形将导致圆柱壳体的整体环向失稳,从而导致壳体整体迅速压溃,因此,深水环境下结构碰撞问题的研究主要是结构的初始稳定性问题的研究.圆柱壳体通过横向平台的加强后将有效提高壳体结构的横向失稳临界应力,从而能够明显地改善加筋圆柱壳体结构的径向耐撞能力.     

撞头形状对双壳结构耐撞性能影响分析

采用显示动力有限元软件LS_DYNA模拟双层壳结构在两种不同形状的撞头撞击下的响应,通过分析比较发现,双层壳结构抵抗球形撞头撞击的能力更强。     

水下环肋功能梯度材料圆柱壳耦合振动的波动解

研究了考虑功能梯度材料的水下环肋圆柱壳耦合振动特性。根据Flügge理论和正交各向异性板壳理论,采用波动法推导出静水压力下环肋FGM圆柱壳耦合振动特征方程,运用牛顿迭代法得到静水压力下环肋FGM圆柱壳的耦合频率值。经过退化计算,与已有文献的研究结果进行对比,验证了文中计算的正确性和有效性。通过算例,分析了静水压力下环肋FGM圆柱壳在不同静水压力、材料组分、体积分数、壳体尺寸、肋条尺寸和数目等情况下耦合振动的变化规律,以及这些因素对耦合频率的影响。     

环肋圆柱壳稳定性分析

本文采用能量法分析了环肋圆柱壳的稳定性.基于Rayleigh-Ritz法,应用Fiigge薄壳理论,考虑相邻肋骨间壳板的变形以及环肋在两个平面内的弯曲,推导出在静水压力作用下环肋圆柱壳的失稳特征方程.本文讨论了环肋的参数(大小、数量、布置形式)对环肋圆柱壳失稳压力的影响,并分析了总体失稳与局部失稳之间的关系.引入应变能因子分析了环肋与壳体间的相互作用.     

肋骨形式对环肋圆柱壳碰撞性能的影响

基于非线性显式有限元程序LS-DYNA,对不同肋骨形式的圆柱壳体在冲头径向撞击下的碰撞过程进行数值仿真,比较分析了环肋圆柱壳结构的塑性变形能,碰撞损伤区域以及接触力等现象。研究结果表明:三种新型肋骨模型的碰撞性能较传统模型有所提高。     

单/双壳体潜艇结构耐撞剩余强度特性研究

单/双圆柱壳体结构是潜艇的两种典型结构形式.以单/双壳体潜艇典型结构为研究对象,分别设计初始深水静压强度相当的典型单/双耐压环肋圆柱壳体结构模型,基于MSC/Dytran罚函数接触算法,开展相同撞击强度载荷作用下结构模型耐撞动态响应特性分析,提取撞击后结构模型中耐压壳体结构的稳定变形位移场,作为MSC/Marc静强度求...     

深水环境下双层圆柱壳结构受撞数值仿真

水下运载器一旦受到物体撞击造成破舱进水,后果不堪设想.为了提高水下运载器的结构安全性,选取其典型耐压结构形式--双层圆柱壳结构为研究对象,采用MSC.Dytran非线性瞬态动力学分析程序,分3种撞击环境:流固耦合与深水静压联合作用、单深水静压作用以及单流固耦合作用,对双层圆柱壳结构受物体撞击的损伤过程进行数值仿真.通过对计算结果的对比分析,研究了深水压力及流固耦合作用对受撞结构的损伤变形、撞击过程中的能量转换和撞击力的影响.本文的研究成果,可为水下运载器的碰撞研究及抗撞结构设计提供借鉴.     

静水压力对水下环肋圆柱壳输入功率流的影响

研究了考虑静水压力时水下环肋圆柱壳在周向余弦线分布力激励下的输入功率流特性。圆柱壳体和外流场的振动分别由Flügge壳体方程和Helmholtz波动方程描述,静水压力的影响以额外应力的形式计入壳体振动方程当中。探讨了静水压力对输入功率流的影响。结果表明外部静水压力使输入功率流曲线沿频率轴往左移动,即往低频方向移动。静水压力越大,影响越大;周向模态数越大,影响越大。文中结果对水下环肋圆柱壳的振动与噪声控制有一定的指导意义。     

肋骨侧向稳定性特征屈曲有限元分析

环肋圆柱壳通常在周向布置肋骨来提高其稳定性,在深水压力作用下,肋骨发生侧向失稳的可能性加大,进而影响环肋圆柱壳的整体稳定性。在理论分析的基础上,采用有限元法对环肋圆柱壳进行在静水压力和轴向压力作用下的特征屈曲分析,研究肋骨侧向失稳的屈曲特征,得到肋骨侧向失稳的判别方法,为工程设计提供参考。     

环肋圆柱壳在水下爆炸冲击下的响应

针对水下非接触爆炸问题过程复杂、计算速度慢的问题,本文以一环肋圆柱壳为例,基于以内嵌的水下爆炸载荷计算方法和声-结构耦合方法为关键技术的水下爆炸分析法(AUA),对其水下爆炸冲击下的响应进行了分析。结果发现,壳板厚度对圆柱壳的水下非接触爆炸响应有较为显著的影响,随着壳板厚度的增加,环肋圆柱壳最大位移减小的幅度逐渐变小。在爆炸初期爆距对环肋圆柱壳冲击响应的影响不大,随时间的推移这种影响逐渐增大,环肋圆柱壳各测点变形随爆距的增大线性减小;当肋骨间距大于0.25倍环肋圆柱壳长时,环肋圆柱壳最大变形量可减小90%;继续减小肋骨间距,环肋圆柱壳最大变形减少量并不明显,说明肋骨对其附近测点和中间的板壳起到了显著的加强作用,肋骨间距为0.25倍环肋圆柱壳长时为最经济的肋骨布置方式。     

基于双模量理论的高强度钢环肋圆柱壳 总体稳定性塑性修正方法

文章基于矩形截面压杆的双模量理论和高强度钢的材料弹塑性本构关系,建立了环肋圆柱壳结构总体稳定性塑性修正曲线及修正方法,结果表明,模型的计算结果与静水外压试验测得的塑性失稳压力值及有限元结果符合情况较好,压杆双模量理论模型虽然和环肋圆柱壳实际结构存在差异,但由此得到的塑性修正方法仍具有较好的工程精度,在应用于高强度钢环肋圆柱壳总体稳定性计算时适应性好,且形式简单,便于运用。     

半圆环壳型肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳结构稳定性研究

耐压圆柱壳通常采用环肋加强以提高在静水外压作用下的结构稳定性.本文提出了半圆环壳型肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳结构形式,在理论和模型试验研究的基础上建立了设计计算方法.研究结果表明:半圆环壳型肋骨与耐压壳板有两个连接点,减小了相邻两肋之间的净距离,能较大幅度地提高肋间壳板的稳定性;由于半圆环壳型肋骨侧向稳定性较大,合理设计半圆环壳半径和厚度,增加半圆环面内惯性矩,可以较大幅度地提高耐压壳总体失稳压力.     

多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体结构稳定性研究

耐压圆柱壳体通常采用环肋加强以提高其在静水外压作用下的结构稳定性.文中在理论分析和实例计算的基础上对多种型式肋骨加强的耐压圆柱壳体的稳定性进行了比较,比较结果表明:在肋骨用材总量相同的情况下,通过合理选择肋骨型式或合理设计肋骨尺寸,使其面内惯性矩增大,可以较大幅度地提高耐压圆柱壳体的总体失稳压力;相邻两肋之间净距离较小的肋骨,可以较大幅度地提高肋间壳板的稳定性.     

Implosion tests of aluminium-alloy ring-stiffened cylinders subjected to external hydrostatic pressure

In this paper, the dynamic implosion responses of ring-stiffened cylindrical tubes under external hydrostatic pressure are reported. The ring-stiffened cylinder models were fabricated from commercial seamless aluminium-alloy 6061-T6 tubes. Six external stiffened models were constructed: three models with three stiffeners, and the other three with five stiffeners. To quantify the effects of stiffening on the structural behaviour, implosion tests were also performed on another three unstiffened tube models. In this study, a total of nine tube models were tested until their failure. Implosion was initiated by increasing the hydrostatic pressure in the chamber until the tubes collapsed, and the effects of different types of pressurising media were investigated: (i) water only and (ii) water and nitrogen gas combined. The implosion pressure pulse near the collapsing tube was recorded during the event. The models with five stiffeners increased the implosion pressure pulse by approximately 3.5 times compared with the unstiffened model.     

An elastic-plastic iceberg material model considering temperature gradient effects and its application to numerical study

To simulate the FPSO-iceberg collision process more accurately, an elastic-plastic iceberg material model considering temperature gradient effects is proposed and applied. The model behaves linearly elastic until it reaches the ‘Tsai-Wu’ yield surfaces, which are a series of concentric elliptical curves of different sizes. Decreasing temperature results in a large yield surface. Failure criteria, based on the influence of accumulated plastic strain and hydrostatic pressure, are built into the model. Based on published experimental data on the relationship between depth and temperature in icebergs, three typical iceberg temperature profiles are proposed. According to these, ice elements located at different depths have different temperatures. The model is incorporated into LS-DYNA using a user-defined subroutine and applied to a simulation of FPSO collisions with different types of iceberg. Simulated area-pressure curves are compared with design codes to validate the iceberg model. The influence of iceberg shape and temperature on the collision process is analyzed. It is indicated that FPSO structural damage not only depends on the relative strength between the iceberg and the structure, but also depends on the local shape of the iceberg.     

凹型加肋锥-环-柱结合壳强度的模型试验研究

为考察凹型加肋锥-环-柱结合壳的力学行为,设计制作了3个凹型加肋锥-柱/锥-环-柱结合壳系列精车模型,采用分区样条等参元方法对它们进行了应力计算.分别对3个模型进行了静水外压试验,测量其应力,计算应力与实测应力吻合较好.模型试验和计算结果表明,凹型加肋锥-环-柱结合壳能有效降低锥、柱壳结合部的应力峰值.通过对模型试验结果的分析,得出了一些对指导凹型加肋锥-环-柱结合壳结构设计有实用价值的结论.     

Study of collision characteristics of water-filled double-layer structure

Water-filled double-layer structures are typical hull structures. However, the effect of the carried water has often been neglected in previous collision studies. The carried water couples with the hull structure and participates in the energy absorption process, which reduces the collision damage done to the hull structure. This paper focuses on the effects of compressible carried water on the collision characteristics of a hull structure. Therefore, collision experiments with a simplified double-layer structure (water tank) were performed, and the corresponding collision process was simulated with the finite-element method. The two kinds of pressure (a shock wave and pressure disturbance) generated in the carried water when the water tank collides with a striker were investigated. By comparing the dynamic characteristics of empty and completely filled water tanks, it can be observed that the pressure of the carried water can reduce the displacement of the outer plate and change its deformation shape. Furthermore, the effects of pressure on the collision force and displacement of the inner plate were investigated. Finally, the collision characteristics of a typical water-filled side structure are presented as an example.