由船舶响应反推当前海浪频谱的探索研究

借助白噪声谱在数学处理上的独特优势,利用计算流体力学方法(CFD),生成了高精度的白噪声长峰不规则波,实现了船模在该海浪环境下顶浪航行时的纵摇及垂荡耦合运动的数值模拟,从而计算船模纵摇和垂向加速度的响应幅值算子(RAO),达到了由海上实测摇荡时历反推较高精度海浪频谱的目标,并将反推结果与海上实测海浪数据进行了对比,效果良好,从而为在航船舶提供了一种获取当前海浪信息的新方法。     

雷达测波信息存储和实用化研究

目前,用于航行舰船上的测波设备只有测波雷达,其优势为可以测得当前较精确的海浪谱,这是精确预报舰船耐波性的基础。在测波雷达使用中,至少存在三方面矛盾:一是各船测得的海量海浪信息,如何实现快速查询;二是信息如何为众多的需求单位共享,以求解决海浪信息预报和深入研究海浪规律尤其是远洋航区的海浪规律问题;三是需要解决普遍存在有义波高测量误差偏大等测波信息航海实用化的问题。本文针对以上需求,以WaMoSⅡ测波雷达为例,从建立雷达测波信息数据库、有义波高的参数修正、相对频谱转化为绝对频谱以及基于雷达测波信息生成频率方向谱等方面,对测波信息的再处理进行研究,力求满足上述需求。     

由船舶摇荡时历反推海浪方向谱

针对现有获取海浪谱方面存在的不足,提出了一种根据现场较短时间的船舶横摇、纵摇和垂荡等时历数据,采取合适的谱分析技术,由船舶摇荡时历反推实际的海浪方向谱方法,以满足工程应用中对现场实际海浪谱的需求.     

长峰波随机海浪的实时仿真和频谱分析

本文提出一种根据随机海浪频谱来实时仿真长峰波随机海浪的方法,它可用于研究船舶及其控制系统在长峰波海浪中的性能。这个方法可以对包括PM谱、中国沿海谱等在内的各种随机海浪进行仿真。仿真的结果利用了FFT进行频谱分析,并把仿真的谱和要求的频谱进行比较。比较的结果既可用于修正程序以提高仿真精度又可作为仿真的精度指标。仿真程序有较大的灵活性,它可方便修改以满足多种目的使用。仿真程序用FORTRAN语言在微型计算机上实现。仿真的输出在船舶控制系统的研究中得到了实际应用。     

海浪扰动信号的仿真方法

给出了一种新的以遭遇频率表示的海浪遭遇谱和遭遇波倾角谱的数学表达式，介绍了建立随机海浪模型的三种仿真方法，即频率等分法、能量等分法和有理谱法，并采用能量等分法进行了海浪模型的仿真和分析。它对于研究船舶装备、船舶行业机器人、海上作业平台和船舶的运动控制具有重要意义。     

水下航行体在非规则波中出水运动数值仿真研究

海面波浪是影响水下航行体出水姿态变化的一个重要因素。目前对此问题的研究多局限于规则波浪,但是真实的海浪环境一般很少是规则波,而是以非规则波浪为主的。为更好地对此问题进行研究,首先以ITTC海浪谱为目标谱,运用CFD数值方法构建长峰非规则波数值波浪水池,并采用谱分析方法对波浪数值水池精度进行了计算,效果良好;在此基础上对水下航行体在非规则波浪条件下的出水运动进行了数值计算,得出了长峰非规则波对航行体出水姿态的影响,为水下航行体出水姿态的预报提供了理论参考。     

基于测波雷达现实方向谱的三维波浪数值模拟研究

X波段测波雷达是一种新型的基于图像分析的海浪观测仪器,其可给出实时可靠的波浪观测信息。依据测波雷达给出的真实波浪相对方向谱数据,利用谱相似条件,经解算得到真实海浪的绝对谱密度值,对三维波浪进行数值模拟。利用浪高仪阵列监测波面,并利用BMD法对波面时历进行谱分析。比对结果表明,与传统基于统计谱的数值波浪模拟相比,文中数值波浪模拟结果更接近于真实海浪,结果良好。     

小水线面双体船疲劳分析S-N曲线法研究

针对小水线面双体船,采用船级社提出的简化计算法、谱分析法和设计波法三种常用S-N曲线法进行典型节点的疲劳寿命计算。对各种方法的计算过程及结果进行比较,归纳它们之间的差异和计算过程中的关键点,还就小水线面双体船疲劳评估方法提出建议。     

船舶疲劳强度评估等效设计波法研究

在现有船舶疲劳强度评估设计波法基础上,对设计波的选取和应力范围的计算部分进行改进。提出一种更能全面考虑船舶载荷状态的设计波选取方法,同时定义一种更为准确的应力范围选取方法。以1艘散货船为例,根据筛选的设计波,进行疲劳损伤的计算,比较本文提出的改进的设计波法和原有谱分析法得到的疲劳寿命值,验证本文提出方法的可行性和优越性。     

响水海域双峰谱型海浪的统计分析

对收集到的响水海域实测双峰谱型海浪资料进行谱分析和统计分析,探讨了双峰谱型海浪的波高分布、周期分布以及波高与周期的联合分布,认为用单峰谱型海浪的研究成果来描述双峰谱型海浪已不再适宜,并根据响水海域实测波浪资料,提出了双峰谱型海浪的波高、周期的经验分布式。通过对双峰谱型海浪资料进行谱分析,计算了若干与谱宽有关的波谱参量,并与合田良实的实测结果进行对比。最后还对双峰谱型海浪的谱特征值与跨零特征值进行了比较,认为对于双峰谱型海浪,由谱法计算的有效波高与由跨零法计算的有效波高相差不大;而对于平均周期,谱法要略小于跨零法。     

基于Vega的虚拟海洋视景仿真研究

虚拟海洋视景仿真系统足虚拟现实技术在军事领域中的应用.由于海浪运动的随机性,虚拟海洋的计算机生成成为视景仿真领域的研究难点.文中详细讨论了两种海浪模型,重点研究Vega中海浪原理和海洋模块的计算机实现,基于Vega软件生成海浪.从效果图中可以看出,模拟的海浪效果比较好,能够满足实际应用的需求.     

Estimation of directional wave spectra and hull structural responses based on measured hull data on 14,000 TEU large container ships

To ensure hull structural strength of container ships in association with their increase in size, it is very important to grasp the hull stress histories all over the hull structure in actual sea state. However, ordinary hull stress monitoring systems are insufficient for this purpose because of the small number of stress sensors actually practicable. Therefore, in this paper, we discuss an approach to reproduce the hull stress responses which are not measured based on the estimated wave spectrum from the limited measurement data. To achieve this, we introduce a new model to estimate directional wave spectra based on measured ship stress responses and ship response functions, and further we estimate other ship responses using the model. To model an arbitrarily shaped directional wave distribution, the 360° direction is discretized into 36 directions of 10-degree intervals instead of using a directional distribution function, and in each direction, the wave spectrum is represented using the Ochi (3P) spectrum with three parameters (average wave period, significant wave height, and kurtosis). The authors discuss the evaluation results based on two stress response combinations, and a comparison is made between the sea state estimates made by the proposed method and the ocean wave hindcast database (JWA). Furthermore, by comparing the significant values and the spectra of the measured response of the ship with the estimated response based on both the estimated sea state by the proposed method and the hindcast sea state, the accuracies of the proposed method and the hindcast method are discussed in terms of ship stress estimation at non-instrumented locations.     

Estimation of the wave direction of ship waves generated by a small vessel using the multiple signal classification method

It is very important to estimate the waves generated by a small vessel so as to investigate their effects on floating bodies within the scope of fisheries and ocean engineering. Simplified methods for estimating the wave heights and periods of ship waves have been presented in previous studies. However, estimating the direction of ship waves is not easy. The focus of the present study is to develop an analytical technique to determine the direction of ship waves based on the measurements in field experiments. The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method is newly proposed for determining the direction of ship waves. For high ship speeds, the directional spectrum of ship waves estimated by MUSIC resulted in a sharp monotone peak, and the estimated directions of ship waves were very similar to the results of field experiments using an actual small vessel. The proposed MUSIC method has thus been confirmed to be effective in estimating ship wave directions with high resolution.     

超低频雷达反演海洋内波波长和振幅

利用超低频雷达探测海洋内波是海洋内波探测的新方法,该方法使用1Hz～100Hz频段的电磁波探测海洋内波并反演得到内波振幅和波长等参数.根据超低频电磁波在海水中、海气界面和内波界面处的传播特性以及海洋内波水下结构特点,建立了超低频雷达反演海洋内波振幅、波长模型,并分析了探测的回波信号,仿真结果表明,使用超低频雷达可以反演得到内波振幅和波长.     

Ocean wave spectrum estimation using measured vessel motions from an in-service container ship

This article is about the use of measured wave-induced vessel motions for estimation of ocean wave spectra by application of the wave buoy analogy. In the study, data from a larger, in-service container ship is considered. The estimation of wave spectra, equivalently sea state parameters, is based on measurements from, respectively, a gyro and two accelerometers leading to the simultaneous use of the pitching motion together with the horizontal and vertical accelerations in a position close to the forward perpendicular. The study of in-service data leads to contemplations about the vessel's advance speed, as the possible existence of sea current means that speed-over-ground (SOG) and speed-through-water (STW) will be different. The article discusses aspects related to advance speed in the context of the wave buoy analogy, and a smaller sensitivity study is conducted. Preceding to the sensitivity study, a comparison is made between sea state estimates by the wave buoy analogy and estimates obtained from a hindcast study. The article shows an acceptable agreement between the two sets of estimates. Following, the main conclusion from the sensitivity study on advance speed is that errors and uncertainties in the speed log have an effect on the estimates of the wave buoy analogy. In fact, the effect can be severe if reliable STW measurements are not available. In the final part, the article includes a few discussions about (non)stationary conditions in the context of the wave buoy analogy, and, although the effect on results is not necessarily detrimental, care must be shown when the wave buoy analogy is applied during in-service conditions.     

基于Simulink的潜器在海浪中运动的实时仿真

以随机长峰波海浪作为模型,利用流体力学和波浪理论的原理对潜器在波浪中的运动进行受力分析,建立了潜器的横摇、纵摇和起伏运动的数学模型,用S函数进行各种海况下波浪力的计算和微分方程的求解,运用Matlab中的Simulink控件对潜器在海浪中的运动进行实时仿真,结果表明该方法能够比较真实地模拟各种海况下潜器在海浪中的运动情况.     

单向不规则波群的实验室模拟和分析

文章基于改进的波包谱经验公式,建议了单向不规则波群的数值模拟方法,模拟实例表明,只要给定波要素及描述波浪群性的高度特征参数和长度特征参数,即可通过此波包谱方便地模拟出同时满足给定高度和长度两方面群性特征要求的不规则波群.在此基础上,给出了在水槽指定位置处产生不规则波群的造波板控制信号计算方法,在实验室成功地模拟了同时满...     

台风"莎莉嘉"过境期间某泻湖内波浪特征分析

通过在某岛礁泻湖内布置ADCP波流测量仪器,采集到2016年21号台风"莎莉嘉"期间的波浪数据.结合布置在泻湖口处风速仪的风实测数据,本文对该时间段内的波浪特征进行分析.由波浪统计数据分析发现有义波高随时间的变化趋势与风速的变化趋势高度重合;谱峰周期的变化则要晚于风速的变化;谱峰方向在台风起主导作用期间与风向高度一致.通过分析多个无因次参数以及对风浪和涌浪进行分离发现测点与台风中心距离开始变大的这个时间点有着重要的意义.在该时间点,波长开始变长,波浪由无限水深波浪转变为有限水深波浪.一些波浪特征值,比如谱峰周期、a/L,也发生比较大的变化.此后在七级风半径不再覆盖测点时,该处波浪由风浪转变为涌浪.对波浪谱进行分析发现,在台风主导期间,其谱为单峰谱,其余时间则为双峰谱.     

Simplified analysis for estimation of the behavior of a submerged floating tunnel in waves and experimental verification

To achieve rational design in waves for a submerged floating tunnel which has emerged as a new offshore transportation infrastructure, it's necessary to understand its hydrodynamic behavior. For simple but accurate estimation of hydrodynamic forces, a theoretical method is proposed and the tests with physical models in a wave flume were carried out for verification. Morison's equation was used to estimate wave loads composed of inertia force and drag force. Forces calculated by applying the linear wave theory to Morison's equation coincided well with those measured by the tests. The test results showed that mooring systems played a significant role in the movement of the submerged floating tunnel in waves. A pendulum model could be used to describe the motion of the submerged floating tunnel with a single vertical mooring. Based on the verified relations, a simple slack condition which causes the submerged floating tunnel to be unstable was also proposed. The simplified approach proposed by this study proved to be useful in designing the submerged floating tunnel in the initial stage.     

海洋核动力平台疲劳寿命评估

针对海洋核电平台,提出一种疲劳评估方法。考虑海洋核电平台的工作特性,工作状态时选取首向浪向不等概率分布的波浪载荷,拖航状态时选取全浪向等概率分布的波浪载荷,分别计算出两种波浪载荷下的疲劳损伤度,再根据两种状态下的时间分配系数得到总的损伤度。根据提出的疲劳评估方法,建立核电平台的有限元模型,选取危险疲劳节点进行细化处理,通过有限元分析得到应力传递函数以及疲劳损伤度,验证了评估方法的可靠性,确定了危险疲劳节点的位置,并为类似平台的疲劳问题提供参考。