Perspectives in Intelligentization of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM)（对全断面隧道掘进装备智能化的一些思考）

The development status of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the development trend of intelligent engineering machines and the urgent national needs for the future intelligent TBMs are introduced briefly. It is pointed out that the intelligentization will be the hot spot of the tunnel engineering area and the focuses of future industry competition. The scientific challenges due to the complexity of the working environment, including state recognition and environment perception, correlation law between geological environment and operation parameters, intelligent planning and coordinated control of multi systems, are raised. In addition, the existing research foundation are analyzed and the inadequacy of the theory including environment and state perception, adaptive & dynamic control of construction parameters, multi system coordination control and multi objective optimization are obtained. At last, some thinking from the aspects of design, manufacture and operation, such as excavation perception, the adaptive dynamic control of excavation parameter condition, the excavation parameter data collection and calculation, intelligent optimization and decision making of tunneling parameters and the multi system coordination intelligent control are proposed.     

日照港LNG码头配套航道及防波堤工程方案

日照港岚山港区北作业区规划新增LNG码头,针对其配套航道及防波堤工程平面布置问题,提出3个方案。采用数值模拟方法,推算不同方案下港池、航道,尤其是口门处的测点流速。计算结果表明,工程建设后,港池内各点在防波堤掩护下流速有所降低;受防波堤挑流作用的影响,口门位置处横流流速达到最大;以方案2流速相对较小,且流速大于某一值的持续时间较短。在方案2基础上进行优化,将一段防波堤调整为导流堤,由于导流堤上方可通过一部分水体,堤头附近航道横流有所减小。     

25CrMo4钢先共析铁素体转变及其对力学性能的影响

通过将奥氏体化后的25CrMo4钢在Ar3下不同温度保温一定的时间,以观察铁素体的析出规律,结果表明:在675～740C温度区间等温,随着温度的降低,铁素体析出速度加快.在675℃保温时,获得2％～3％,5％ ～8％,10％～ 15％铁素体量的保温时间分别是70 s,120 s和240 s.对不同铁素体含量样品进行冲击...     

PC连续箱梁桥裂缝影响因素分析

结合工程实桥的裂缝观测、有限元分析结果,系统研究了预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥的裂缝型式与成因、修复与加固措施,提出了防裂设计建议。首先,对连续箱梁桥典型裂缝分布现状进行了分类归纳,系统分析了裂缝产生的主要原因,对引起箱梁开裂的主要因素如纵向预应力束布置方式、竖向预应力大小、温度梯度模式等进行了敏感性分析,表明纵向预应力束布置方式和竖向预应力大小对箱梁腹板斜裂缝的开展起着主要的作用。从预应力筋布置、温度梯度模式的选取、非预应力筋的设置等几方面提出了防裂设计改进建议。     

下穿黄河砂卵石地层盾构隧道管片结构受力特征现场测试

为研究砂卵石地层中管片的力学行为,以兰州地铁1号线穿黄段为研究对象,采用改良的测试传感器走线方式,对管片内力及外部水压力进行现场测试,并进行相应的数值模拟。将现场测试数据与数值模拟结果对比分析,得出如下结论:1)外部水压力及管片内力受盾构施工影响最为显著的范围为距掌子面3~5环,在此范围内应加强对受拉区的监测,并采取相应措施防止管片在施工初期破损;2)外部水压力及管片内力在距掌子面6~13环时受施工影响逐渐降低,距掌子面13环后趋于稳定;3)运用梁-弹簧模型设计管片是偏于安全的,但应充分考虑施工荷载。     

适用于模拟复杂地质条件的微型TBM试验系统研制及应用

为研究TBM掘进隧道复杂地质的演化过程及破坏特征,研制了适用于复杂地质条件的微型TBM模型试验系统,主要由微型掘进装置、多功能岩箱、微型掘进机工位平移装置、四联液压系统以及微型掘进机掘进控制系统组成。该系统可实现推进速度0~50 mm/min可调、刀盘转速0~10 r/min可调、刀盘最大转矩可达1 000 N·m、刀盘最大安全掘进距离可达1 100 mm; 可以进行半断面可视化掘进和全断面高地应力模拟掘进,并提前了解TBM掘进复杂地质时隧道应力的变化规律,为现场高地应力大埋深复杂地质下TBM掘进提供可靠的参考资料。     

铁路车辆牵引主回路接地故障诊断与处理半实物仿真系统设计

针对铁路车辆牵引主回路接地故障诊断与处理功能测试需求，设计了一套半实物仿真系统。通过分析动力集中动车组牵引主回路正常情况及发生接地故障时的电压电流关系，建立牵引主回路模型和故障注入模型，并利用该动车组牵引控制单元对设计的仿真系统进行了实时测试与验证。测试结果证明了该半实物仿真系统及模型的有效性，既可以用于正常工况下牵引回路控制性能仿真，也可以用作故障诊断与处理功能的仿真测试，具有较高的应用价值。     

Key Techniques for Construction of Sanyang Road Cross riverTunnel of Wuhan Rail Transit Line 7（武汉轨道交通7号线三阳路越江隧道施工关键技术）

The author focuse on the great challenges encountered during the tunneling process in the Wuhan Sanyang Road Tunnel, and the key techniques adopted to solve those problems. When tunneling in composite strata, engineers inevitably face problems such as inefficient excavation, excessive tool wear, excavation face instability and the risk of clogging. The TBM used in the project allows tool change under atmospheric pressure, which improves the efficiency of tool change and eliminated the risk of casualties during hyperbaric interventions. In terms of the tool wear and clogging, the authors propose technical solutions as follows: the optimization of the tool′s type and configuration, improvement of the central flushing system and chemical dissolution of clogging. The results indicate that through the countermeasures proposed, the tunneling efficiency can be improved effectively. They also reduce the cutter change frequency and eliminate the risk of TBM downtime. The technical achievements obtained in the construction of the Wuhan Sanyang Road Tunnel can provide technical reference for the construction of large diameter shield tunnels in composite strata in the future.     

穿越陡坎地形的偏压黄土隧道大变形时空特征研究

针对黄土隧道开挖这一施工领域中的难题,依托地坑院隧道,对隧道穿越沿线地质地形的施工风险进行分析,同时基于监控量测数据,对典型横断面和纵向段的初期支护变形规律进行研究,得出初期支护沿时空分布的变形特征。分析结果表明: 1)围岩变形持续时间长、变形速率大,有时具有突变性; 2)初期支护横断面收敛不均,纵向变形与断面距掌子面距离直接相关; 3)隧道变形受地形、地下水和施工的影响较大。根据现场围岩大变形规律针对性地制定相关控制措施,研究成果可为现场施工提供技术性指导。     

盾构隧道结构耐久性问题思考

Structural durability of shield tunnel lining is a trans scale problem from mesoscopic material to macroscopic structure. With increasing amount of shield tunnel construction in China, the issues related to structural durability become more prominent. In this paper, the typical applications of shield tunnel lining in China and other countries are introduced. The service conditions and diseases of shield tunnel lining structure are then analyzed. The factors affecting the structural durability of shield tunnel lining, such as material, design, environment, construction, management and maintenance, are summarized. The research results and progress related to structural durability of shield tunnel lining are then reviewed in terms of tunnel durability, durability evaluation and prediction, durability ensuring techniques. Finally, the existing problems and future research directions in structural durability of shield tunnel lining are discussed in terms of durability ensuring techniques, impact of diseases and accidents, tunnel evaluation and rehabilitation, arrangement of secondary lining and establishment of dynamic evaluation system for structural durability.