Experimental study on the width of the turbulent area around bridge pier

At present, the method of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is not given in the "Standard for Inland River Navigation" (GB50139-2004) in China, and the bridge designer usually increases the bridge span in order to ensure the navigation safety, which increases both of the structural design difficulty and the project investments. Therefore, it is extremely essential to give a research on the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier. Through the experiments of the fixed bed and the mobile bed, the factors influencing the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier have been analyzed, such as the approaching flow speed, the water depth, the angles between the bridge pier and the flow direction, the sizes of bridge pier, the shapes of the bridge pier, and the scouring around the bridge pier, etc. Through applying the dimension analytic method to the measured data, the formula of calculating the turbulent flow width around the bridge pier is then inferred.     

钢管混凝土系杆拱桥拱脚滑移事故案例分析

该文针对上海市某钢管混凝土拱桥在施工中发生拱脚滑移事故,以实际工况计算为依据分析其直接和深层原因,并提出改进措施和建议。     

碎石桩处理软土地基室内模型试验

以室内模型试验为手段,对碎石桩复合地基的机理进行了深入探讨。通过对模型试验的分析,以相似理论的相关原理为理论基础,采用量纲分析法导出了碎石桩复合地基模型试验的相似准则,并以此设计了大比例室内模型试验,获得了有益的试验数据。探讨了路堤沉降与路堤高度的关系,桩土应力比与加载次数的关系及桩身应力与桩侧摩阻力沿桩埋深的关系。     

进口运杂费低瞒报问题及对策

为了加强海关的风险管理,以ABC分类法为管理的原则,借鉴美国FMC的先进做法,以及依靠我国已经开始试点的运价报备制度,对进口运杂费低瞒报问题的解决提出了建设性的解决方法     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

胶体~(32)磷瘤内注射治疗肝癌的动物实验与临床应用研究

将Walker－256瘤株接种于大鼠肝脏内制成肿瘤动物模型。于肿瘤中心注射胶体32磷，注射后1h，3、7、14、30d放射性瘤肝比值分别为，56．75、6、16、2．50、1．83和1．43。血、心、肺、肾、脾、骨等组织内的放射量在0．061％以下。第7天时谷雨转氨酶有一过性增高外其他肝功指标、肾功、血常规均无显著变化。治疗后肿瘤体积较前缩小，且随时间推移，肿瘤生长率逐渐降低。同时，对10例原发性肝癌患者进行了胶体32P内照射治疗，均无相关并发症发生，其中1例患者治疗后肿块明显缩小，并于30d后行二期切除。故认为胶体32磷瘤内注射治疗肝癌是一种安全可行的有效方法，值得进一步探讨。     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

Maritime accident investigation and temporal determinants of maritime accidents: A case study

This paper presents the results of an investigation into temporal determinants of maritime accidents based on a data-set obtained from the proceedings of formal inquiries in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). The results show that there is no statistically significant outcome between the probability for an accident and the time of watch. Thus the results do not confirm previous studies, which reported significant time of day effects.The outcome of this study indicates that marine inquiries can provide useful data for an analysis of underlying causes of maritime accidents. It is suggested that accident inquiries should be extended into the area of watch systems employed and should record the hours of work and of rest of the officers on the watch involved in a maritime accident.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

港口门座起重机防风装置的计算与选择

阐述了港口门座起重机结构形式与风作用的关系,以及门座起重机发生事故的状况及其原因,并通过不同工况和不同风力作用下门座起重机受力情况的计算分析,提出了如何选取合适、有效的防风装置.